Fix-Up Monitoring/Distinguish and Evaluate Fact and Opinion

Transcription

1 TM 1 Teacher s Guide Grade 3 Unit 6 Week BENCHMARK LITERACY Fix-Up Monitoring/Distinguish and Evaluate Fact and Opinion Monarch Butterflies Monarchs are the most beautiful butterflies in the world! Unit 6/Week 1 at a Glance Day ONE TWO Mini-Lessons Introduce the Comprehension Strategy: Distinguish and Evaluate Fact and Opinion Think Aloud and Use the Metacognitive Strategy: Fix-Up Monitoring Find Fact and Opinion in a Picture Connect Thinking, Speaking, and Writing Reflect and Discuss Review the Metacognitive Strategy: Fix-Up Monitoring Use the Comprehension Strategy: Distinguish and Evaluate Fact and Opinion Connect Thinking, Speaking, and Writing Reflect and Discuss THREE Extend the Comprehension Strategy: Distinguish and Evaluate Fact and Opinion Observe and Prompt for Strategy Understanding Reflect and Discuss FOUR Read and Summarize FIVE Answer Text-Dependent Comprehension Questions: Distinguish and Evaluate Fact and Opinion (Level 3: Prove It!) Reflect and Discuss Metacognitive Self-Assessment Constructed Written Response Ongoing Comprehension Strategy Assessment Sugar Maple Trees What is your favorite tree? Many people think sugar maples are the best! Not only are the trees beautiful, but they provide a tasty treat. In summer, large green leaves capture lots of sunlight. The leaves use the sunlight to make food for the tree. The tree then stores any extra food as sugar sap in its trunk. In autumn, the leaves turn a bright red, orange, and yellow before they fall off the tree. During the winter, the tree is dormant, or at rest. Sugar maples are the best trees. The trees are beautiful and provide a tasty treat. Maple syrup is delicious on pancakes. Road Maps Are we there yet? How many times have you asked that question during a long car ride or bus trip? When you did, you must have been bored! But you can have fun and find out where you are by looking at a map. A map is a drawing of an area. One type of map is a road map. A road map shows the cities, towns, roads, and highways in a specific area. If you re on a trip, you can look at a road map to see how far you are from where you are going. Monarch butterflies migrate south from their homes in Canada and the northern United States. Number Games People around the world have played number games for thousands of years. Many number games began in ancient civilizations. Other games come from the imaginations of people who like to work with numbers. You can have lots of fun with numbers. You can buy some number games in stores, but others use everyday items such as stones. Some number games have many players, and others have few. Some number games are In spring, the sugar maple starts growing new leaves. Since the new leaves need food, the sugar sap begins to flow inside the trunk. People can collect the sap and use it to make maple syrup. Maple syrup is delicious on pancakes! In summer, green leaves make food using sunlight. Tree stores sugar sap in its trunk. In autumn, leaves turn bright colors and fall off the tree. In winter, the tree is dormant. In spring, the tree grows new leaves, and sugar sap flows. People collect sap and make maple syrup. People use road maps every day to get from place to place. The next time you go on a long trip, use a road map. You ll be glad you did! simple, and others are more complex. Many games you play use numbers. Have you ever played dominoes? It s an entertaining game. Have you ever played hopscotch or magic squares? Those games are fun, too. B e n c h m a r k e d u c a t i o n c o m p a n y

2 Day One Nonfiction Poster 1 Monarch Butterflies Monarchs are the most beautiful butterflies in the world! Read-Aloud (10 minutes) Select a favorite fiction read-aloud from your classroom or school library with which to model the metacognitive strategy Fix-Up Monitoring. Use the sample read-aloud lessons and suggested titles in the Getting Started Guide. Grade 3 Monarch butterflies migrate south from their homes in Canada and the northern United States. Comprehension Anchor Poster 1 Lesson Objectives Students will: Identify facts and opinions based on an illustration. Identify and use the signal language for opinions. Monitor their understanding of a picture and fix-up problems they may have had. Use academic sentence frames to discuss strategies. Related Resources Home/School Connections (BLM 1) BenchmarkUniverse.com About the Strategy A fact is a statement that can be proven true or false. An opinion is a belief that may or may not be based on fact. Signal language, including verbs such as think or believe and adjectives such as best or worst, can help readers recognize opinions. Recognizing facts and opinions helps readers make judgments about whether information is accurate and reliable. Mini-Lessons (20 minutes) Introduce the Comprehension Strategy: Distinguish and Evaluate Fact and Opinion SL.3.1b, SL.3.1c, SL.3.1d Say: Imagine that we are having a class discussion about spiders. Someone says, A spider has eight legs. Someone else says, I think spiders are creepy. Ask: How are these two statements about spiders different? Turn and talk. Ask students to turn to a partner and share ways the two statements differ. Ask a few students to share with the whole group. Explain: The statement that a spider has eight legs is a fact. We can prove a fact by observing it or by looking it up in a book. The statement that spiders are creepy is an opinion. It is a belief that may or may not be based on fact. An opinion often includes a signal word such as think or believe. Writers use both facts and opinions, too. Good readers know how to tell the difference between facts and opinions. We re going to practice recognizing facts and opinions this week. Think Aloud and Use the Metacognitive Strategy: Fix-Up Monitoring RI.3.1, RI.3.7, W.3.10, SL.3.1d Display Poster 1. Draw students attention to the butterflies and the people and read the people s words. (Whiteboard users can use the highlighter tool.) Explain: This picture is very detailed. It includes a nature photograph and cartoon figures. I don t know what to look at first. I need to review the different parts of the picture and figure out which parts confuse me before I can decide what ideas it expresses. Let me show you how I do it Benchmark Education Company, LLC

3 Day One Think aloud: The photograph shows a tree and butterflies in the air. When I look closely at the tree, I notice many butterflies are resting in it. Why are there so many butterflies in one place? Usually, I see only one or two at a time. There must be a reason for them to be together. I think the speech bubbles might have some clues. After reading the speech bubbles, I realize that one gives a fact and the other states an opinion. The fact speech bubble says that monarch butterflies migrate south. I can use this fact to help me understand the photograph. It shows monarch butterflies that are migrating south together. I think they must be resting after a long flight south. Now I understand what the photograph is showing me. Repeat what you didn t understand and your fix-up strategy. Ask students to point out parts of the picture that they do not understand. Together explore ways to look at and think about the picture and speech bubbles to clear up any confusion. Post these fix-up strategies on the wall as a Fix-Up Monitoring anchor chart, or invite students to write them in their reading journals or notebooks to use in the future. Find Fact and Opinion in a Picture RI.3.1, RI.3.7, SL.3.1b, SL.3.1d Ask students what this picture shows about facts and opinions. Point out that figuring out how the statements by the two people are different can help students understand the difference between fact and opinion. Ask students to tell which statement on the poster is a fact and which is an opinion. Remind them that a fact can be proven while an opinion is a belief that cannot be proven. Provide the following academic sentence frames to support ELLs and struggling students: The fact about monarch butterflies is. The opinion about monarch butterflies is. Clues that help me tell which is the fact and which is the opinion are. Connect Thinking, Speaking, and Writing W.3.10, SL.3.1d Write down the fact and opinion students identify and reread them as a group. Then write the clues they used to identify the fact and the opinion. Give students the opportunity to expand on their shared writing. Make Content Comprehensible for ELLs Use the following strategies to help ELLs understand the poster content and acquire academic language. Beginning Read the title and speech bubbles on the poster. Explain the concepts of facts and opinions. For example, say: It is a rainy day. That is a fact. You can prove it by looking outside. I love rainy days. It tells how I feel, so it is an opinion. Point to and name people and objects in the photograph: girls, butterflies, trees. Ask students facts and opinions about each. Beginning and Intermediate Represent in a drawing, or ask ELLs to draw and label, a fact and an opinion that students give. Comprehension Quick-Check Observe whether students are able to articulate the fact and opinion in the poster. If they have difficulty, use the following additional explicit instruction. Draw the fact and opinion graphic organizer on chart paper. In the top row under Fact, write Monarch butterflies migrate south from Canada and the northern United States. Say: This is a fact. We can prove whether it is true or false. In the top row under Opinion, write Monarchs are the most beautiful butterflies in the world. Say: This is an opinion. It tells how one person feels about the butterflies, and we cannot prove whether it is true or false. In the opinion, underline the signal words most beautiful and in the world. Say: These signal words help us recognize this opinion. Say: Now you state another fact and another opinion based on the poster topic Benchmark Education Company, LLC 3

4 Day One Support Special Needs Learners Support visual learners and students with attention issues by projecting the whiteboard version of the posters. Allow students to come to the whiteboard and circle, underline, or highlight the facts and opinions in the text. Invite them to label what they see. Access the graphic organizer provided on the whiteboard. Record facts and opinions with students. Provide opportunities for active involvement. For example, assign some students the role of Fact and some the role of Opinion. Ask students to restate a fact or opinion found in the poster according to his or her role. Access the image bank for enlarged images that students can use to practice the fix-up monitoring strategy, distinguishing and evaluating facts and opinions, and summarizing ideas. Home/School Connections On Day 1, distribute copies of Home/ School Connections (BLM 1). Each day during the week, assign one of the six home/school connection activities for the students to complete. Ask them to bring their completed assignments to class the following day. Make time at the beginning of each day for students to share their ideas. BLM 1 Name Date Home/School Connections: Distinguish and Evaluate Fact and Opinion 1. Make Text-to-World Strategy Connections Summarize a conversation you have with your family. Write one fact and one opinion that were used in the conversation. Bring your writing to school to share with the class. Reflect and Discuss SL.3.1a, SL.3.1b, SL.3.1d Ask and discuss the following questions: Why is it important to identify facts and opinions? How does this help you? How did using the fix-up monitoring strategy help you understand the poster? What clues help you identify facts and opinions? Connect and transfer. Say: Remember, you can look for facts and opinions in a text, too. Tomorrow, we will practice looking for facts and opinions in a text. Small-Group Reading Instruction (60 minutes) Based on students instructional reading levels, select titles that provide opportunities for students to practice identifying facts and opinions. See the Leveled Text Titles chart provided at the back of this Teacher s Resource System. Use the before-, during-, and after-reading instruction provided in the Teacher s Guide for each text. Individual Student Conferences (10 minutes) Confer with individual students on their text selections and applications of strategies. Use the Individual Reading Conference Form on page 32 of Informal Assessments for Reading Development to help guide your conferences. Word Study Workshop (20 minutes) Use the Day 1 instruction provided in Word Study Unit Make Text-to-Text Strategy Connections Find a newspaper or magazine article on a topic that interests you. Find one fact and one opinion in the article. Circle any signal words that help you identify the opinion. Bring your examples to school to share with the class. 3. Make a Strategy Connection to Social Studies Read about an event in history that interests you. Write two facts about the event. Then write two of your opinions about the event. Underline the signal words you used in your opinions. 4. Make a Strategy Connection to Science Are opinions ever used in science? Read about a subject you have studied in a science textbook. If you find an opinion, write it. If you do not find an opinion, answer this question: Why do you think there are no opinions in the science text on this topic? 5. Make a Fact and Opinion Chart Read a magazine or newspaper article about a current event. Record some facts and some opinions from the article on a Fact and Opinion chart. You can ask a family member to help you. Together discuss whether you agree with the opinions. Sign your name and your family member s name to your chart. Bring your chart to class to share. 6. Think and Write About the Strategy Think about how learning about facts and opinions has helped you become a more strategic reader. Write about how and when you use this strategy to help you understand what you are reading Benchmark Education Company, LLC Home/School Connections (BLM 1) Recommended Genre: Informational Reports Teach process writing, traits of writing, research, and grammar and conventions. Use the explicit mini-lessons for weeks 4 6 (see the 6-week pacing guide), or select and sequence minilessons based on the needs of your students Benchmark Education Company, LLC

5 Day Two Read-Aloud (10 minutes) Select a favorite fiction read-aloud from your classroom or school library with which to model the metacognitive strategy Fix-Up Monitoring. Use the sample read-aloud lessons and suggested titles in the Getting Started Guide. Nonfiction Poster 2 Sugar Maple Trees What is your favorite tree? Many people think sugar maples are the best! Not only are the trees beautiful, but they provide a tasty treat. In summer, large green leaves capture lots of sunlight. The leaves use the sunlight to make food for the tree. The tree then stores any extra food as sugar sap in its trunk. In autumn, the leaves turn a bright red, orange, and yellow before they fall off the tree. During the winter, the tree is dormant, or at rest. In spring, the sugar maple starts growing new leaves. Since the new leaves need food, the sugar sap begins to flow inside the trunk. People can collect the sap and use it to make maple syrup. Maple syrup is delicious on pancakes! Mini-Lessons (20 minutes) Review the Metacognitive Strategy: Fix-Up Monitoring RI.3.2, RI.3.7, SL.3.1a, SL.3.1b, SL.3.1d Display Poster 2 with annotations hidden. Read aloud the text with students. Explain: Yesterday when I looked at the Monarch Butterflies poster, I reviewed and thought about its parts to help me understand what the photograph showed. When I don t understand a part of what I study, I review it and think about the content to fix the problem. I ll show you how I do this. Reread paragraph 1. Think aloud: In the first paragraph, I didn t understand what tasty treats have to do with sugar maples. Then I thought about the pancakes I had for breakfast. I put maple syrup on them, and they were delicious. I think maple syrup is a tasty treat sugar maples provide. I ll look for facts about maple trees to see if I am correct. Reread paragraphs 2 and 3. Think aloud: I m not sure I understand why the author wrote about what happens to sugar maples in the different seasons. I ll reread them, distinguish the facts from the opinions, and then study the facts and think about how they are related. I read that in summer, the tree makes and stores food. The leaves of the tree make the food. In the next paragraph, I read that leaves fall off the tree in fall. I can relate this fact to facts about leaves making food. Without leaves, the tree cannot make any more food. The tree now has only the stored food. Then I read that trees are dormant in winter. I think these paragraphs are about the food the maple makes and stores as sugar sap. The sugar sap must have something do with the tasty treat the maple provides. I ll read on to find out. Grade 3 Sugar maples are the best trees. The trees are beautiful and provide a tasty treat. Maple syrup is delicious on pancakes. Comprehension Anchor Poster 2 (BLM 2) Texts for Close Reading, page 78 Lesson Objectis In summer, green leaves make food using sunlight. Tree stores sugar sap in its trunk. In autumn, leaves turn bright colors and fall off the tree. In winter, the tree is dormant. In spring, the tree grows new leaves, and sugar sap flows. People collect sap and make maple syrup. Students will: Identify facts and opinions in a passage. Identify and use signal words for opinions. Use the fix-up monitoring strategy to help understand the passage. Use academic sentence frames to discuss strategies. Related Resources Texts for Close Reading, page 78 Home/School Connections (BLM 1) Comprehension Anchor Poster 2 (BLM 2) Writing to Sources, page 14 BenchmarkUniverse.com Reread the last paragraph. Think aloud: This paragraph includes facts explaining that in spring the maple uses stored sap as food for new leaves. It also explains that people collect some of the sap and make maple syrup with it. Now I understand why the author wrote about the maple in different seasons. They help explain how sap becomes available for people to use. Now I know that maple syrup is the tasty treat the first paragraph mentions. Referring to maple syrup as a tasty treat is one opinion I can agree with Benchmark Education Company, LLC 5

6 Day Two Sugar maples are the best trees. The trees are beautiful and provide a tasty treat. Maple syrup is delicious on pancakes. In summer, green leaves make food using sunlight. In autumn, leaves turn bright colors and fall off the tree. In winter, the tree is dormant. In spring, the tree grows new leaves, and sugar sap flows. People collect sap and make maple syrup. Comprehension Anchor Poster 2 Sample Annotations Make Content Comprehensible for ELLs Use the following strategies to help ELLs understand the poster content and acquire academic language. Beginning Read aloud the poster title and passage. Point to objects in the picture as you say their names (tree, bucket, snow). Beginning and Intermediate Ask students to make statements about the objects they see in the picture. If you have students whose first language is Spanish, share these English/Spanish cognates: favorite/favorito, sugar/el azúcar, capture/capturar, use/usar, trunk/el tronco, delicious/delicioso. Build academic oral language. Reread the remaining paragraphs. Encourage students to use fix-up monitoring to help them understand the facts and opinions. Invite students to tell how they used strategies such as using background knowledge, rereading, reading on, retelling, highlighting, and relating facts while they were reading. Reinforce the idea that good readers monitor their understanding and use these strategies to help them when they don t understand something. Support ELLs and struggling readers with the following sentence frames: One fact (opinion) in the passage is. Fix-up monitoring as I read helped me. Use the Comprehension Strategy: Distinguish and Evaluate Fact and Opinion RI.3.1, RI.3.7, SL.3.1d Reread the poster text with students, annotations still hidden. Say: Now think about the first paragraph. Which sentences are facts? Which are opinions? If necessary, help students identify the first opinion: Sugar maples are the best trees. Explain that this is an opinion because it cannot be proven true or false. The word best signals that the sentence is an opinion. Say: Let s look closely to find other opinions in the passage. Which sentences are opinions? Write the sentences that students identify. Then reveal the Opinions annotations. Ask: Did we find all the opinions? Let s compare sentences. Build academic oral language. Say: Facts can be proven true or false. Let s find statements in this passage that are facts. What is the first fact you find? (In summer, green leaves make food using sunlight.) What is the next fact you find? (The leaves use the sunlight to make food for the tree.) How do you know these are facts? (They can be proven true or false.) All Levels Pair ELLs with fluent English speakers during partner discussions and activities. Model the use of academic sentence frames to support ELLs academic vocabulary and language development. (See suggested sentence frames provided.) Benchmark Education Company, LLC

7 Day Two Connect Thinking, Speaking, and Writing RI.3.1, W.3.10, SL.3.1d Prompt students to identify other facts in the passage. Students should understand that both facts and opinions can be used in a nonfiction passage. Record students facts on chart paper. Then reveal the Facts annotations. Say: Let s compare our facts list to the list on the poster. Allow time for discussion. Reflect and Discuss SL.3.1a, SL.3.1b, SL.3.1c, SL.3.1d Ask and discuss the following questions: How does using the fix-up monitoring strategy help you as a reader? How does identifying facts and opinions help you understand what you are reading? How do signal words help you identify opinions? Connect and transfer. Ask: How will you use what we have practiced today when you read on your own? Small-Group Reading Instruction (60 minutes) Based on students instructional reading levels, select titles that provide opportunities for students to practice identifying facts and opinions. See the Leveled Text Titles chart provided at the back of this Teacher s Resource System. Use the before-, during-, and after-reading instruction provided in the Teacher s Guide for each text. Individual Student Conferences (10 minutes) Confer with individual students on their text selections and applications of strategies. Use the Individual Reading Conference Form on page 32 of Informal Assessments for Reading Development to help guide your conferences. Comprehension Quick-Check Take note of which students can or cannot contribute to the discussion of the Poster 2 facts and opinions. Use the following activity to provide additional explicit instruction for these students. Use an additional real-world example to help students grasp the difference between facts and opinions. For example: Thanksgiving takes place in November. (fact) Thanksgiving is the best holiday. (opinion) Record the fact and opinion on a graphic organizer. Then ask students to contribute additional facts and opinions on the topic. Oral Language Extension During independent workstation time, pair students to construct oral facts and opinions related to a topic they have studied in class. Partner A states a fact on the topic. Partner B states an opinion on the topic. Then partners switch roles. Tell students to be ready to report on their facts and opinions during individual conference time. Home/School Connections At the beginning of the day, make time for students to share their ideas based on the activity they completed the previous night. At the end of the day, ask students to complete another home/school connection activity from BLM 1 and bring their assignment to class the following day. Word Study Workshop (20 minutes) Use the Day 2 instruction provided in Word Study Unit Benchmark Education Company, LLC 7

8 Day Three Nonfiction Poster 3 Road Maps Are we there yet? How many times have you asked that question during a long car ride or bus trip? When you did, you must have been bored! But you can have fun and find out where you are by looking at a map. A map is a drawing of an area. One type of map is a road map. A road map shows the cities, towns, roads, and highways in a specific area. If you re on a trip, you can look at a road map to see how far you are from where you are going. People use road maps every day to get from place to place. The next time you go on a long trip, use a road map. You ll be glad you did! Read-Aloud (10 minutes) Select a favorite nonfiction read-aloud from your classroom or school library with which to model the metacognitive strategy Fix-Up Monitoring. Use the sample read-aloud lessons and suggested titles in the Getting Started Guide. Comprehension Anchor Poster 3 (BLM 3) Texts for Close Reading, page 79 Mini-Lessons (20 minutes) Extend the Comprehension Strategy: Distinguish and Evaluate Fact and Opinion RI.3.2, RI.3.7, RF.4.a, RF.4.c, W.3.10, SL.3.1a, SL.3.1b, SL.3.1d Grade 3 Lesson Objectives Students will: Identify facts and opinions in a passage. Identify and use signal words for opinions. Use the fix-up monitoring strategy to help understand the passage. Use academic sentence frames to discuss strategies. Related Resources Texts for Close Reading, page 79 Home/School Connections (BLM 1) Comprehension Anchor Poster 3 (BLM 3) Writing to Sources, page 14 BenchmarkUniverse.com Display Poster 3. Say: Today you re going to practice reading and identifying facts and opinions in a text. Remember to use what you ve learned. You can use fix-up monitoring to help you understand. Based on students needs and abilities, ask them to read the passage independently or with a partner. Tell them to locate and write the opinions in the Opinions boxes. Encourage students to list the facts in the Facts boxes. Tell students to underline, circle, or flag key information as they read. Invite individual students or pairs to share the facts and opinions they identified. Record students findings on the poster or on chart paper. See the sample annotations. Observe and Prompt for Strategy Understanding SL.3.1c While using the poster, note students who demonstrate understanding of the concepts and those who seem to struggle. Use appropriate responsive prompting to help students who need modeling or additional guidance, or to validate students who demonstrate mastery. Home/School Connections At the end of the day, ask students to complete another home/school connection activity from BLM 1 and bring their assignment to class the following day. Goal Oriented I am going to ask whether a statement can be proved or not to distinguish between a fact and an opinion. I am going to look for signal words to opinions such as think believe, best, and worst. This sentence is a(n) because. Directive and Corrective Feedback Can that sentence be proven true or false? Does the sentence contain a signal word such as believe or best? Benchmark Education Company, LLC

9 Day Three Self-Monitoring and Reflection What could you do to figure out whether a statement is a fact or an opinion? How does rereading and reading on help you use facts to understand passages? How does identifying signal words help you identify facts and opinions? Validating and Confirming Great job identifying facts and opinions! You found signal words that helped you identify opinions. Reflect and Discuss SL.3.1a, SL.3.1b, SL.3.1c, SL.3.1d Ask and discuss the following questions: What kinds of texts have you read that include facts? What kinds of texts have you read that include opinions? Can a text include both facts and opinions? Explain. Connect and transfer. Say: Remember that many nonfiction texts you read have both facts and opinions. Look for the facts and opinions today when you read in small groups. Use the fix-up monitoring strategy to help you understand the passage as you evaluate facts and opinions. Small-Group Reading Instruction (60 minutes) Based on students instructional reading levels, select titles that provide opportunities for students to practice identifying facts and opinions. See the Leveled Text Titles chart provided at the back of this Teacher s Resource System. Use the before-, during-, and after-reading instruction provided in the Teacher s Guide for each text. Individual Student Conferences (10 minutes) Confer with individual students on their text selections and applications of strategies. Use the Individual Reading Conference Form on page 32 of Informal Assessments for Reading Development to help guide your conferences. Word Study Workshop (20 minutes) Use the Day 3 instruction provided in Word Study Unit 16. You must have been bored; You can have fun by looking at a map; The next time you go on a long trip, use a road map; You ll be glad you used a map. You can find out where you are by looking at a map; A map is a drawing of an area; One type of map is a road map; A road map shows the cities, towns, roads, and highways in a specific area; If you re on a trip, you can look at a road map to see how far you are from where you are going; People use road maps every day to get from place to place. Comprehension Anchor Poster 3 Sample Annotations Make Content Comprehensible for ELLs Use the following strategies to help ELLs understand the poster content and acquire academic language. Beginning Point to the poster photograph and provide the language for what you see. For example: woman, map. Invite ELLs to point to and name the person and object with you. Beginning and Intermediate If you have students whose first language is Spanish, share these English/Spanish cognates: map/el mapa, bus/el autobús, area/el área, type/el tipo, specific/ específico. Comprehension Quick-Check The responsive prompts on pages 8 9 are designed to help you meet the needs of individual students. Based on your observations, identify students who may need additional explicit reinforcement of the strategy during small-group instruction or intervention time Benchmark Education Company, LLC 9

10 Day Four Nonfiction Poster 4 Number Games People around the world have played number games for thousands of years. Many number games began in ancient civilizations. Other games come from the imaginations of people who like to work with numbers. You can have lots of fun with numbers. You can buy some number games in stores, but others use everyday items such as stones. Some number games have many players, and others have few. Some number games are simple, and others are more complex. Many games you play use numbers. Have you ever played dominoes? It s an entertaining game. Have you ever played hopscotch or magic squares? Those games are fun, too. Read-Aloud (10 minutes) Select a favorite nonfiction read-aloud from your classroom or school library with which to model the metacognitive strategy Fix-Up Monitoring. Use the sample read-aloud lessons and suggested titles in the Getting Started Guide. Grade 3 Mini-Lessons (20 minutes) Comprehension Anchor Poster 4 (BLM 4) Texts for Close Reading, page 80 Lesson Objectives Students will: Learn strategies for analyzing questions and finding answers, clues, and evidence. Identify facts and opinions in a text. Answer text-dependent fact and opinion questions. Use academic vocabulary to discuss strategies. Related Resources Texts for Close Reading, page 80 Home/School Connections (BLM 1) Comprehension Anchor Poster 4 (BLM 4) Comprehension Questions (BLM 5) Writing to Sources, page 14 BenchmarkUniverse.com Read and Summarize RI.3.2, RI.3.7, RF.3.4a, RF.3.4c, SL.3.1a, SL.3.1b, SL.3.1d Display Poster 4. Based on students needs and abilities, ask them to read the passage independently or with a partner. Remind students to use the fix-up monitoring strategy to help them understand what they read. Build academic oral language. When students have finished, ask individuals or pairs to identify the facts and opinions in the passage. Encourage ELLs or struggling readers to use the academic sentence frame: A fact in the passage is. An opinion in the passage is. Answer Text-Dependent Comprehension Questions: Distinguish and Evaluate Fact and Opinion (Level 3: Prove It!) RI.3.1, RI.3.2, RI.3.7 Say: Sometimes you need to answer questions about a passage you ve read. Some questions require you to identify facts and opinions. Today we re going to read and answer questions. Some of the questions will ask you to identify a fact or an opinion. Distribute BLM 5 and read Question 1 together. ( Which sentence is an opinion? ) Ask: What is the question asking us to do? If students can t tell you, ask: Is the question asking us to summarize? Is it asking us to find a main idea? What strategy will we need? (identify fact and opinion) How do you know? (It asks me to identify which of the three sentences is an opinion.) Say: To find the opinion, I will have to read each sentence carefully and figure out whether it can be proven true or false. I will also look for signal words that can help me identify an opinion Benchmark Education Company, LLC

11 Day Four Say: Now we re ready to read and analyze the answer choices. We know we need to find a sentence that cannot be proven true or false. The first sentence says, You can buy some number games in stores. This is a fact. It can be proven true or false. The next sentence says that some number games have many players. This can also be proven true or false. The last sentence says that hopscotch is a fun game. This cannot be proven true or false. Some people may think hopscotch is fun while others may not. So, the sentence is an opinion. I figured out the answer by evaluating each sentence and using what I know about facts and opinions. The answer makes sense. So, I ll choose C. Ask students to work independently or with a partner to answer additional text-dependent questions on BLM 5. Review students answers and use the poster as needed to model analyzing questions and answer choices to determine the correct answers. BLM 5 Name Date Number Games: Comprehension Questions Directions: Use information from the poster to answer questions Which sentence is an opinion? A You can buy some number games in stores. B Some number games have many players. Hopscotch is a fun game. C 2. Which detail does NOT support the main idea that many games you play use numbers? A Dominoes is an entertaining game. B People have played number games for thousands of years. Have you ever played magic squares? C 3. What inference can you make from the fact that people around the world have played number games for thousands of years? A People like difficult games. B Number games are fun. Ancient people did not have board games. C 4. Many number games began in ancient civilizations. How can you tell this is a fact? A It can be proven true or false. B It contains the word many. C It is one person s belief. You can have lots of fun with numbers. Dominoes is an entertaining game. Hopscotch and magic squares are fun, too. People around the world have played number games for thousands of years. Many number games began in ancient civilizations. Other games come from the imaginations of people who like to work with numbers. You can buy some number games in stores, but others use everyday items such as stones. Some number games have many players, and others have few. Some number games are simple, and others are more complex. Many games you play use numbers. Comprehension Anchor Poster 4 Sample Annotations Make Content Comprehensible for ELLs Use the following strategies to help ELLs understand the poster content and acquire academic language. Beginning Support the concept of number games by demonstrating a game such as hopscotch and asking students to count with you. Comprehension Questions (BLM 5) 2010 Benchmark Education Company, LLC Beginning and Intermediate Point to the poster photo of the people playing a game and say: The people are using numbers to play a game. Use realia such as dominoes to show one kind of number game. Encourage students to use the sentence frame: The game of uses numbers Benchmark Education Company, LLC 11

12 Day Four Comprehension Quick-Check Note whether students are able to analyze each Level 3 text-dependent comprehension question and return to the text to find the information they need to answer the question correctly. If students have difficulty, use small-group reading time for additional practice answering these kinds of questions, which appear on standardized reading assessments. The Comprehension Question Card for each leveled text provides practice questions at four levels of comprehension. The Comprehension Through Deductive Reasoning Flip Chart helps you model the strategies students need to master. Oral Language Extension Display Comprehension Anchor Poster 4 during independent workstation time. Invite pairs of students to read and talk about the poster together. Encourage students to generate a list of other number games and to offer facts and opinions about the games on the list. Remind students to be prepared to share their lists of games, facts, and opinions during independent conference time. Home/School Connections At the beginning of the day, make time for students to share their ideas based on the activity they completed the previous night. At the end of the day, ask students to complete another home/school connection activity from BLM 1 and bring their assignment to class the following day. Reflect and Discuss the Comprehension Strategy SL.3.1a, SL.3.1b, SL.3.1c, SL.3.1d Ask and discuss the following: What strategy did we use to answer questions about the text? Notice how we recalled what we knew about facts and opinions to understand and answer questions. Connect and transfer. Say: Practice identifying facts and opinions. This strategy can help you evaluate whether the information in a text is accurate and reliable. It can also help you when you take tests. Small-Group Reading Instruction (60 minutes) Based on students instructional reading levels, select titles that provide opportunities for students to practice identifying facts and opinions. See the Leveled Text Titles chart provided at the back of this Teacher s Resource System. Use the before-, during-, and after-reading instruction provided in the Teacher s Guide for each text. Use the Comprehension Question Card for each title and the Comprehension Through Deductive Reasoning Flip Chart to practice answering Level 3 textdependent comprehension questions. Individual Student Conferences (10 minutes) Confer with individual students on their text selections and applications of strategies. Use the Individual Reading Conference Form on page 32 of Informal Assessments for Reading Development to help guide your conferences. Word Study Workshop (20 minutes) Use the Day 4 instruction provided in Word Study Unit Benchmark Education Company, LLC

13 Day Five Read-Aloud (10 minutes) Revisit the week s read-alouds to make text-to-text connections and provide opportunities for reader response. Use the suggested activities in the Getting Started Guide, or implement ideas of your own. BLM 6 Name Date Constructed Written Response: Fact and Opinion Fact Opinion Assessment (20 minutes) Metacognitive Self-Assessment W.3.10, SL.3.1a, SL.3.1b, SL.3.1d, SL.3.4 Ask students to reflect on their use of metacognitive and comprehension strategies this week. What did they learn? How will they use the strategies in the future? What do they still need to practice, and how can they do this? Fact and Opinion Writing Checklist I wrote about a hobby. I included facts. I included opinions Benchmark Education Company, LLC Invite students to share their reflections in one of the following ways: conduct a whole-class discussion; ask students to turn and talk to a partner and then share their ideas with the class; or ask students to record their thoughts in their journals or notebooks. Constructed Written Response W.3.5, W.3.10 Distribute copies of Constructed Written Response (BLM 6) and ask students to think about their favorite hobby. In the Fact column, students can write several facts about the activity. In the Opinion column, students can write opinions about the activity. Ask students to write a paragraph that includes facts and opinions about their hobby, using notes from the graphic organizer. If students need extra help, offer topics and discuss facts and opinions they might write about the topics. Read aloud the checklist at the bottom of BLM 6 to help students evaluate their work. Challenge activity. Students who are able to may write an additional paragraph with details that support one opinion. Constructed Written Response (BLM 6) Lesson Objectives Students will: Reflect orally on their strategy use. Create a facts and opinions graphic organizer and write a paragraph based on it. Answer multiple-choice and shortanswer questions. Related Resources Home/School Connections (BLM 1) Constructed Written Response (BLM 6) Comprehension Strategy Assessments, Grade 3 BenchmarkUniverse.com Support activity. If students cannot create their own paragraph with facts and opinions, review with them the definitions of fact and opinion. They can use the sentence frames: A fact about my hobby is and An opinion about my hobby is. Reinforce the fact that a nonfiction passage can contain both facts and opinions Benchmark Education Company, LLC 13

14 Day Five Make Assessments Accessible for ELLs Use the following strategies to help ELLs demonstrate their understanding of the strategies. Beginning Use Constructed Written Response (BLM 6) with ELLs at the beginning proficiency level. Beginning and Intermediate Use the Comprehension Strategy Assessment as a listening comprehension assessment and scaffold students understanding of the text. As an alternative, allow students to tell you about the facts and opinions in one of the Comprehension Anchor Posters you have used during the week. Intermediate and Advanced Support ELLs with academic sentence frames during the metacognitive selfassessment. Possible sentence frames to use are: We use the fix-up monitoring strategy so that. I will look for facts and opinions when I. All Levels Pair ELLs with fluent English speakers during partner discussions and activities. Home/School Connections At the beginning of the day, make time for students to share their ideas based on the activity they completed the previous night. Ongoing Comprehension Strategy Assessment Distribute one of the Distinguish Fact from Opinion Comprehension Strategy Assessments from the Grade 3 Comprehension Strategy Assessment book ( The Most Exciting Job in the World, pages 54 55, or New Video Fun from Giant Games, pages 56 57) students to read the passage and use the information to answer the questions. Use the results of this assessment to determine students who need additional work with the strategy. Record students assessment scores on the Strategy Assessment Record (page 133) so that you can monitor their progress following additional instruction or intervention. Provide additional modeling and guided practice during small-group reading instruction using the recommended titles in this Teacher s Guide. Small-Group Reading Instruction (60 minutes) Based on students instructional reading levels, select titles that provide opportunities for students to practice identifying facts and opinions. See the Leveled Text Titles chart provided at the back of this Teacher s Resource System. Use the before-, during-, and after-reading instruction provided in the Teacher s Guide for each text. Individual Student Conferences (10 minutes) Confer with individual students on their text selections and applications of strategies. Use the Individual Reading Conference Form on page 32 of Informal Assessments for Reading Development to help guide your conferences. Word Study Workshop (20 minutes) Use the Day 5 instruction provided in Word Study Unit Benchmark Education Company, LLC