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TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS.... 7 Try Your Skills.... 7 Sums and Differences of Decimals... 8 Multiply Decimals... 12 Divide Decimals... 15 Use Your Skills... 19 State Standards 6.1.6 Common Core Standards 5.

.. 29 Use Your Skills... 33 6.1.6 5.NF.1, 2... 35 Try Your Skills.... 35 Fractions and Decimals.... 36 Percents, Fractions, and Decimals.... 40 Compare and Order Fractions, Decimals, and Percents.

2 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS Try Your Skills Sums and Differences of Decimals... 8 Multiply Decimals Divide Decimals Use Your Skills State Standards Common Core Standards 5.NBT Try Your Skills Find the Least Common Denominator Adding and Subtracting with Unlike Denominators.. 26 Adding and Subtracting Mixed Numbers with Unlike Denominators Use Your Skills NF.1, Try Your Skills Fractions and Decimals Percents, Fractions, and Decimals Compare and Order Fractions, Decimals, and Percents Use Your Skills NF.2, 7; 5.NBT.3; 6.RP.3c Try Your Skills Understanding Ratios Understanding Proportions Understanding Rates Use Your Skills Try Your Skills Simplify Numerical Expressions Exponents and Order of Operations Evaluate Algebraic Expressions Use Your Skills , RP.1, 2, 3a, 3b 6.EE.1, 2, 3, 4 4

... 77 Try Your Skills.... 77 Sequences... 78 Patterns in Tables.... 82 Pattern Rules in Algebraic Form.... 85 Use Your Skills... 89 State Standards 6.2.5 Common Core Standards 5.OA.3.

.. 106 Areas of Rectangles and Squares... 110 Areas of Triangles and Composite Figures... 113 Use Your Skills... 117 5.3.5 4.MD.3... 119 Try Your Skills.... 119 The Coordinate Plane.... 120 Polygons.

3 Try Your Skills Sequences Patterns in Tables Pattern Rules in Algebraic Form Use Your Skills State Standards Common Core Standards 5.OA Try Your Skills Circle Vocabulary Circle Relationships Circumference and Area Use Your Skills G Try Your Skills Perimeter Areas of Rectangles and Squares Areas of Triangles and Composite Figures Use Your Skills MD Try Your Skills The Coordinate Plane Polygons Polygons on the Coordinate Plane Use Your Skills Try Your Skills Understanding Range and Mean Understanding Mode and Median Finding Range, Mean, Mode, and Median Use Your Skills Glossary Math Tools G.2 6.SP.2, 3, 5 5

4 Circle the letter of the correct answer. 1. One bottle contains 1.48 liters of water. Another bottle contains 2.86 liters of water. About how much water is in both bottles? A. 1.3 liters B. 3.8 liters C. 4.5 liters D. 6.3 liters 4. What is ? A B C D Which is the best estimate of ? 2. Mark bought a baseball bat for $ How much change will he get back if he pays with a $20 bill? A. $7.21 B. $8.21 C. $8.79 D. $ One pen costs $1.89. About how much will 4 pens cost? A. $2.00 B. $4.00 C. $8.00 D. $10.00 A. 0.4 B. 0.7 C. 1.5 D What is ? A B C D

5 LEVEL 1 LADDERS TO SUCCESS 2 Jason wants to buy a sketchbook for $7.89 and a set of colored pencils for $8.25. how much money does he need? When you don t need an exact answer, you can estimate. Rounding is one way to estimate. $7.89 $8.25 Estimate: $8 $8 $16 Jason needs about $16. A mother turtle is meter long. A baby turtle is meter long. About how much longer is the mother turtle? Estimate: The mother turtle is about The baby turtle is about The mother turtle is about Estimate meter long. meter long. meter longer Look at the digit one place to the right of the tenths. 8

Add: 0.38 0.715 Think of place value when you add and subtract decimals. Step 1 Line up the decimal points. 0.380 0.715 Step 2 Add each place as you would whole numbers. Regroup as needed. 1 0.380 0.715 1 095 You can estimate to see if your answer is reasonable.

6 Add: Think of place value when you add and subtract decimals. Step 1 Line up the decimal points Step 2 Add each place as you would whole numbers. Regroup as needed You can estimate to see if your answer is reasonable. Round to the nearest tenth to estimate Step 3 Place the decimal point in the answer The estimate is close to the exact answer. The answer is reasonable. Subtract: Step 1 Line up the decimal points Step 2 Subtract each place as you would whole numbers. Regroup as needed You can estimate to see if your answer is reasonable. Round to the nearest whole number to estimate. 6 2 Rewrite each problem in vertical form. Then add or subtract Step 3 Write the decimal point in the answer Now use what you already know and what you learned to answer the questions on the next page. 9

Example Here are some steps for answering the question at the right. Choose the correct answer. Step-by-Step A. 0.85 meter B. 1.15 meters C. 1.25 meters D. 3.

79 centimeters. What is the difference in the lengths of the two goldfish? A. 0.41 centimeter B. 1.41 centimeters C. 1.59 centimeters D. 5.99 centimeters 2.

7 Example Here are some steps for answering the question at the right. Choose the correct answer. Step-by-Step A meter B meters C meters D meters Read each question. Circle the letter of the correct answer. 1. The length of one goldfish is 3.2 centimeters. The length of another goldfish is 2.79 centimeters. What is the difference in the lengths of the two goldfish? A centimeter B centimeters C centimeters D centimeters 2. Ziva has a container of water. She drinks liters of water. After drinking the water, she has liters left. How much water did Ziva start with? A liter B liter C. 1.5 liters D. 3 liters

8 Crazy Ants Crush Crabs Posted by MonsterMathBlogger What do you think of this article? 1. A red crab is about 4.57 inches long. A yellow crazy ant is about 0.21 inches long. How much longer is the crab? 2. A red crab can grow about 0.43 inches in a year. If a young crab was 2.38 inches long at the beginning of the year, how long could it be at the end of the year? 3. Before treating an area with poison bait, there were crazy ants per square inch. After treatment, there were ants per square inch. How much did the ant population per square inch decrease?

9 LEVEL 2 LADDERS TO SUCCESS 2 You have learned how to estimate and compute sums and differences using decimals. To add or subtract decimals: Step 1 Line up decimal points. Write equivalent decimals if necessary. Step 2 Add or subtract each place as you would whole numbers. Regroup if necessary. Step 3 Write the decimal point in the answer. Add Decimals What is ? Subtract Decimals What is ? Estimate each sum or difference. Then rewrite each problem in vertical form and add or subtract Estimate: Estimate: Sum: Difference: Estimate: Estimate: Sum: Difference:

10 Kevin wants to buy 3 flags that cost $1.79 each. About how much will Kevin spend on the flags? To estimate $1.79 3, you can round. $ $6.00 The cost of the flags is about $6.00. Estimate by rounding Estimate each product

11 Multiplying decimal numbers is similar to multiplying whole numbers. Multiply Step 1 Multiply as with whole numbers. Step 2 The number of decimal places in the product is the sum of the number of decimal places in the factors You don t have to line up the decimal points in decimal multiplication problems decimal places 1 decimal place 3 decimal places Estimate: The estimate, 3, is close to the exact product, The answer is reasonable. Round 0.45 to 0.5 and 5.9 to 6. Multiply: Step 1 Multiply as with whole numbers Insert zeros between the decimal point and the product when needed. Step 2 The sum of the number of decimal places in the factors is the number of decimal places in the product decimal places decimal place decimal places Estimate: The estimate, 0.021, is close to the exact product, The answer is reasonable. Multiply. Show your work Round to 0.07.

LEVEL 3 LADDERS TO SUCCESS 2 Mr. Samuels drove 142.2 miles and used 6 gallons of gas. How many miles per gallon did he get?

Use compatible numbers to estimate. Compatible numbers are numbers that are easy to work with. 142.

Divide as with whole numbers. Line up the decimal point in the quotient with the decimal point in the dividend. Mr.

12 LEVEL 3 LADDERS TO SUCCESS 2 Mr. Samuels drove miles and used 6 gallons of gas. How many miles per gallon did he get? To find out, divide the number miles he drove by the number of gallons of gas he used. First estimate the answer. Use compatible numbers to estimate. Compatible numbers are numbers that are easy to work with is close to 140, and 6 is close to Mr. Samuels got 20 miles per gallon of gas. Now find the exact answer. Divide as with whole numbers. Line up the decimal point in the quotient with the decimal point in the dividend. Mr. Samuels got 23.7 miles per gallon of gas. Estimate each quotient. Then find the exact answer Estimate: Quotient: Estimate: Quotient:

When dividing a decimal by a decimal, multiply the divisor and dividend by a power of 10 that will make the divisor a whole number. Divide: 55.68 9.6 First estimate the quotient: 56 10 5.

13 When dividing a decimal by a decimal, multiply the divisor and dividend by a power of 10 that will make the divisor a whole number. Divide: First estimate the quotient: Now find the exact answer. Step 1 Multiply the divisor and dividend by 10 so that the divisor is a whole number Step 2 Divide as with whole numbers. Line up the decimal point in the quotient with the decimal point in the dividend Look back at the original problem. You can check your answer by multiplying the quotient by the divisor. The answer should be the dividend quotient divisor dividend Remember: divisor dividend quotient Divide. Show your work

14 Circle the letter of the correct answer. Use the menu for Problems 1 2. Pat s Party Place Hamburger $3.95 Fries $1.95 Hot Dog $1.75 Salad $2.25 Burrito $2.85 Drink $1.65 Pizza $9.75 Ice Cream $ If 5 notebooks cost $14.50, about how much does 1 notebook cost? A. $3.00 B. $5.00 C. $10.00 D. $ What is ? 1. How much will each of 3 friends pay if they share the cost of an order of fries? A. $0.60 B. $0.65 C. $1.95 D. $ About how much will each of 4 friends pay if they share the cost of a pizza? A. $2.00 B. $2.50 C. $2.75 D. $39 A B C D What is ? A B. 0.4 C. 4 D Kayla spent $2.89 for 3.4 pounds of tomatoes. How much did the tomatoes cost per pound? A. $0.85 B. $2.89 C. $1.00 D. $9.00

Zombie Ants Posted by MonsterMathBlogger What do you think of this article? 1. A fire ant measures about 0.063 inch long. A phorid fly measures about 0.118 inches. How do their sizes compare? 2.

15 Zombie Ants Posted by MonsterMathBlogger What do you think of this article? 1. A fire ant measures about inch long. A phorid fly measures about inches. How do their sizes compare? 2. Experts estimate that about 40% of the people living in an area with fire ants will be bitten. There are 94,500 people living in Lewisville, Texas. Multiply 0.4 by 94,500 to estimate the number of people in Lewisville who will be bitten by fire ants. 3. Fire ants can hold on to each other to make a living raft that floats on water. If a fire ant measures inch long and the raft is about 120 ants long, how long is the raft?

16 Circle the letter of the correct answer. Use the information below for Problems 1 4. Clearance Clothing Closet Shop All hats $2.99 each All jeans $8.59/pair All shirts $5.75 each All shoes $9.29/pair 1. How much will 2 shirts and a pair of jeans cost? A. $12.34 B. $17.18 C. $20.09 D. $ Which is the best estimate for how much it would cost to buy one of each item? A. $24.00 B. $27.00 C. $30.00 D. $ What is the product? A B C D About how much would 4 shirts cost? A. $6.00 B. $12.00 C. $20.00 D. $ About how much more does a pair of shoes cost than a hat? A. $6.00 B. $7.00 C. $12.00 D. $ If apples cost $0.35 each, how many apples can you buy for $14? A. 4 B. 5 C. 40 D. 400

17 7. Emil buys a shirt for $9.75 and a belt for $7.99. How much change will he receive if he pays with a $20 bill? A. $2.26 B. $3.26 C. $10.25 D. $ What is the product? A B C D What is ? A B C D Which is the best estimate for this problem? A. 12 B. 25 C. 28 D New York State has a population of about million people. Massachusetts has a population of about 6.35 million people. About how many more people live in New York State than in Massachusetts? A. 3 million B. 10 million C. 13 million D. 25 million Show your work on a separate sheet of paper. 12. Here is a menu for Danny s Diner. Entrées Salads Meat Loaf $7.95 Cole Slaw $1.75 Spaghetti $6.55 Greens $2.25 Taco Plate $6.75 Drinks Fried Fish $5.75 Milk $1.25 Roast Chicken $6.50 Juice $1.95 If you choose an entrée, a salad, and a drink, what is the least amount you can spend?

Multiplication of 2 and 3 digit numbers Multiply and SHOW WORK. EXAMPLE. Now try these on your own! Remember to show all work neatly!

Multiplication of 2 and 3 digit numbers Multiply and SHOW WORK. EXAMPLE. Now try these on your own! Remember to show all work neatly! Multiplication of 2 and digit numbers Multiply and SHOW WORK. EXAMPLE 205 12 10 2050 2,60 Now try these on your own! Remember to show all work neatly! 1. 6 2 2. 28 8. 95 7. 82 26 5. 905 15 6. 260 59 7.