ENGI 5708 Design of Civil Engineering Systems

Transcription

1 ENGI 5708 Design of Civil Engineering Systems Lecture 01: Course Introduction Shawn Kenny, Ph.D., P.Eng. Assistant Professor Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science Memorial University of Newfoundland

2 Course Outline Overview of Systems Approach Optimization of Linear Problems Graphical solutions Linear programming Sensitivity analysis Network flow analysis Decision Theory Risk and uncertainty Performance evaluation Scheduling Models S. Kenny, Ph.D., P.Eng. ENGI 5708 Civil Engineering Systems Lecture 01

3 Course Objectives To introduce engineering systems approach Focus on civil engineering applications To formulate mathematical models to optimize linear problems Optimization analysis of engineering problems and processes Characterize problem definition, objective function, parameters and constraints To develop assessment and decision tools Evaluate performance with respect to engineering criteria, economics and decision theory S. Kenny, Ph.D., P.Eng. ENGI 5708 Civil Engineering Systems Lecture 01

4 Course Perspective Critical Thinking Making Mistakes Asking Questions Applying Knowledge Engagement Professional Development S. Kenny, Ph.D., P.Eng. ENGI 5708 Civil Engineering Systems Lecture 01

5 Recommended Reference Text Civil and Environmental Systems Engineering 2 nd Edition C.S. ReVelle, E.E. Whitlatch, Jr. and J.R. Wright Pearson Prentice Hall (ISBN ) Used textbooks are available S. Kenny, Ph.D., P.Eng. ENGI 5708 Civil Engineering Systems Lecture 01

6 Course Notes Complements Course Resources Textbook Third-party references Provided as Gap Notes Notes of in-class discussions advised In class examples will be presented Accompanying slides will not be provided Slides intended to engage students for discussion S. Kenny, Ph.D., P.Eng. ENGI 5708 Civil Engineering Systems Lecture 01

7 MUN Engineering Instructor Website Course Information and Notes Contact Information Office Hours Monday and Wednesday (3-5PM) Other times can be scheduled by appointment S. Kenny, Ph.D., P.Eng. ENGI 5708 Civil Engineering Systems Lecture 01

8 On-Line Resources Wikipedia TAMU Bristol University ngsystems/ UC Berkeley Operations Research Management Science Today International Federation of Operational Research Societies (IFORS) Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences (INFORMS) S. Kenny, Ph.D., P.Eng. ENGI 5708 Civil Engineering Systems Lecture 01

9 Course Schedule Lectures Day: Mon., Wed. & Fri Time: Room:EN2007 Tutorial Day: Thursday Time: Room:EN S. Kenny, Ph.D., P.Eng. ENGI 5708 Civil Engineering Systems Lecture 01

10 Course Method of Evaluation 4 Assignments 10% Due Jan. 28, Feb. 11, Mar. 3 & Mar Quiz 20% Date TBD Group Study Practical Application 10% Due Mar. 28 Group Study Presentation 5% Date TBD Final Exam 55% Date TBD S. Kenny, Ph.D., P.Eng. ENGI 5708 Civil Engineering Systems Lecture 01

11 Assignments Work Scope 4 assignments Available on course website Due in class on Jan. 28, Feb. 11, Mar. 3 & Mar. 17 Late assignments -50% Objectives To advance critical thinking and problem solving skills To demonstrate comprehension of course material by solving assigned problem sets S. Kenny, Ph.D., P.Eng. ENGI 5708 Civil Engineering Systems Lecture 01

12 Group Study Report Work Scope Desktop study Study guidance document available on course website Group member composition to be later defined by instructor Group study report due in class on March 28 th No late submission of study reports (no exceptions) Objectives To demonstrate comprehension of course material with application of systems engineering concepts to a practical problem in civil engineering To solve problems by working in a team environment S. Kenny, Ph.D., P.Eng. ENGI 5708 Civil Engineering Systems Lecture 01

13 Group Study Report Presentation Work Scope Study presentation during week of March 30 th Presentation method of evaluation on course website Group presentation order and schedule to be later defined by instructor Objectives To develop communication skills To demonstrate comprehension of course material by presenting results from the group study report S. Kenny, Ph.D., P.Eng. ENGI 5708 Civil Engineering Systems Lecture 01

14 Lecture 01 Objective To provide an overview of systems S. Kenny, Ph.D., P.Eng. ENGI 5708 Civil Engineering Systems Lecture 01

15 What is a System? Oxford English Dictionary a set of things working together as a mechanism or interconnecting network an organized scheme or method S. Kenny, Ph.D., P.Eng. ENGI 5708 Civil Engineering Systems Lecture 01

16 What is a System? (cont.) Wikipedia is a set of entities, real or abstract, comprising a whole where each component interacts with or is related to at least one other component and they all serve a common objective. A subsystem then is a set of elements, which is a system itself, and a part of the whole system. Any object which has no relation with any other element of the system is not part of that system but rather of the system environment S. Kenny, Ph.D., P.Eng. ENGI 5708 Civil Engineering Systems Lecture 01

17 System Hierarchy System Environment Operational, physical or natural Systems of Systems Independent systems to provide a capability Ex: Internet; Integrated air, sea, rail & road transport system Systems Integrated subsystem elements to achieve common objective Ex: LAN; Seaport, airport or highway system Subsystems Interacting elements with a defined function within a systems context Ex: Computer hardware/software; Jetty or terminal Ref: Adcock (2001) & Jewel (1986) S. Kenny, Ph.D., P.Eng. ENGI 5708 Civil Engineering Systems Lecture 01

18 System Hierarchy (cont.) Systems of Systems Strategic Generalized high level approach Greater subjectivity Management oriented Systems Subsystems Tactical Focused approach Greater objectivity Technology oriented S. Kenny, Ph.D., P.Eng. ENGI 5708 Civil Engineering Systems Lecture 01

19 System Hierarchy Waste Management 1 st Level Hierarchy Viewpoint Ref: Jewel (1986) S. Kenny, Ph.D., P.Eng. ENGI 5708 Civil Engineering Systems Lecture 01

20 System Hierarchy Bridge Project Ref: Jewel (1986) S. Kenny, Ph.D., P.Eng. ENGI 5708 Civil Engineering Systems Lecture 01

21 System Hierarchy Power Plant Goals of subsystems meet goal of higher systems otherwise reformulate Ref: Jewel (1986) S. Kenny, Ph.D., P.Eng. ENGI 5708 Civil Engineering Systems Lecture 01

22 System Hierarchy Power Plant (cont.) Vertical and Lateral Integration Ref: Jewel (1986) S. Kenny, Ph.D., P.Eng. ENGI 5708 Civil Engineering Systems Lecture 01

23 System Hierarchy Offshore Systems S. Kenny, Ph.D., P.Eng. ENGI 5708 Civil Engineering Systems Lecture 01

24 Evolution of Systems Historical Perspective Design solutions Empirical evidence Trial and error Communication Limited physical records Verbal Apprenticeship S. Kenny, Ph.D., P.Eng. ENGI 5708 Civil Engineering Systems Lecture 01

25 Increasing Systems Complexity Advancement of Knowledge and Technology R&D and Innovation Vertical or sequential Ex: Printing press Digital technology Lateral Ex: Lexan discovery investigating wire coatings S. Kenny, Ph.D., P.Eng. ENGI 5708 Civil Engineering Systems Lecture 01

26 Technology Spiral 3000BC Clay tablet impression (Mesopotamia) 105AD Paper making (China) 1040 Moveable type print (China) 1440 Gutenberg press (Germany) million copies of 35,000 books since s Typewriter, telegraph and facsimile 1941 Digital computer Integrated circuits, photocopier 1975 Personal computer 1980 Mobile phone; laptops 1990 CD; DVD "...all human progress is in a circle; or, to use a more accurate and beautiful figure, in an ascending spiral curve. The House of the Seven Gables by Nathaniel Hawthorne Communications BC s S. Kenny, Ph.D., P.Eng. ENGI 5708 Civil Engineering Systems Lecture

27 Recent Advanced Technology Programs Space Age and Cold War (1950 s-60 s) Aeronautics Aerospace Ballistics Internet S. Kenny, Ph.D., P.Eng. ENGI 5708 Civil Engineering Systems Lecture 01

28 Impact of Technology Complex Projects and Systems Hierarchy Single overarching engineer not feasible Multidisciplinary fields Subject matter experts, specialization Evolution and Optimization Traditional tools and processes not sufficient to manage, plan, improve or optimize complex systems S. Kenny, Ph.D., P.Eng. ENGI 5708 Civil Engineering Systems Lecture 01

29 Management of Complex Systems The whole is greater than the sum of its parts. System properties and requirements may differ from subsystems Systematic Approach Needed Systems Engineering Technical Organizational Interdisciplinary S. Kenny, Ph.D., P.Eng. ENGI 5708 Civil Engineering Systems Lecture 01

30 ReVelle et al., (2004) Relevant Chapters Ch. 1 Explaining Systems Analysis Section 1A through 1E S. Kenny, Ph.D., P.Eng. ENGI 5708 Civil Engineering Systems Lecture 01

31 References OED (2007). Wikipedia (2007). Adcock, R. (2001). Principles and Practices of Systems Engineering. Lecturer Cranfield University Jewel, T.K. (1986). A Systems Approach to Civil Engineering Planning and Design. Harper & Row ISBN ReVelle, C.S., E.E. Whitlatch, Jr. and J.R. Wright (2004). Civil and Environmental Systems Engineering 2 nd Edition, Pearson Prentice Hall ISBN S. Kenny, Ph.D., P.Eng. ENGI 5708 Civil Engineering Systems Lecture 01