Everyday Mathematics, Grade K-6

Transcription

1 Everyday Mathematics, Grade K-6 Program Highlights Some of the key features of the Everyday Mathematics program include: Problem solving for everyday situations Developing readiness through hands-on activities Establishing links between past experiences and explorations of new concepts Sharing ideas through discussion Cooperative learning through partner and small-group activities Practice through games and repetition Ongoing review throughout the year Daily routines Ongoing assessment Home and school partnership Kindergarten First Grade Second Grade Third Grade Fourth Grade Fifth Grade Sixth Grade Mathematical Content for Kindergarten - Everyday Mathematics just numbers and arithmetic. Kindergarten Everyday Mathematics content Ongoing Daily Routines Seven activities designated as "Ongoing Daily Routines" launch the program with procedures that integrate mathematics into children's daily life in the classroom.

2 Count, read, and write numbers past 100 and oral counting past 115; explore term "digits" to develop concept of place value; discuss, read, and write "the tricky teens"; counting on from numbers other than 1; counting backward; skip counting by 2s, 5s, and 10s; daily counting activities throughout the year; tracking counts with calculators; experiences with rational counting (counting things). Using operations and relations in solving concrete problems from everyday life; make up and act out number stories; explore the inverse operations of addition and subtraction as "doing" and "undoing"; using relation vocabulary appropriately such as bigger, smaller, more, less, the same, fewer, over, under, higher, lower, on the same level, equal, equivalent. Collecting, organizing, and displaying data using concrete objects, charts, and graphs. Tracing, drawing, constructing, and playing with simple shapes; analyze parts of shapes and relationships among sizes and shapes. Introduce length, weight, volume or capacity, and elapsed time through matching and comparison activities; using appropriate tools to measure and label various units with U.S. customary and metric systems; drawing, comparing, and recording results; introduce money as a tool to explore place value, fractions, equivalence, and decimal system; explore characteristics and values of bills and coins; use money incidentally; develop understanding of time and terms such as days, weeks, years, hours, minutes, and seconds; keep track of time on calendars, clocks, and number lines; develop sense of and record sequential order and time. Patterns and Function Sorting and categorizing collections; exploring functions through "What's My Rule?" games; counting by 1s, 2s, 5s, 10s, and so on. Mathematical Content for First Grade Everyday Mathematics

3 just numbers and arithmetic. First Grade Everyday Mathematics content Counting; reading and writing numbers; investigating place-value of whole numbers; exploring fractions and money. Learning addition and subtraction facts, fact families, and extended facts; beginning informal work with properties of numbers and problem solving. Collecting; organizing, and displaying data using tables, charts, and graphs; exploring concepts of chance. Exploring 2- and 3-dimensional shapes. Using tools to measure length, capacity, and weight; using clocks, calendars, timelines, thermometers, and ordinal numbers. Exploring attributes, patterns, sequences, relations, and function; finding missing numbers and rules in Frames-and-Arrows and "What's My Rule?" problems; studying properties of operations. Mathematical Content for Second Grade Everyday Mathematics just numbers and arithmetic. Second Grade Everyday Mathematics content Counting; reading and writing numbers; identifying place-value; comparing numbers; working with fractions; using money and decimal concepts.

4 Recalling addition and subtraction facts; exploring fact families; adding and subtracting with tens and hundreds; beginning multiplication and division; exchanging money amounts. Collecting, organizing, and interpreting data using tables, charts, and graphs; exploring concepts of chance. Exploring 2- and 3- dimensional shapes; classifying polygons. Using tools to measure length, capacity, weight, and volume; using U.S. customary and metric measurement units. Exploring number patterns, rules for number sequences, relations between numbers, and attributes. Mathematical Content for Third Grade Everyday Mathematics Everyday Mathematics covers a broad range of mathematical content, in addition to numbers and arithmetic. Third Grade Everyday Mathematics content Counting patterns; place-value; reading and writing whole numbers through 1,000,000; fractions, decimals, and integers. Multiplication and division facts extended to multi-digit problems; working with properties; operations with fractions and money. Collecting, organizing, and displaying data using tables, charts, and graphs; exploring concepts of chance. Exploring 2- and 3-dimensional shapes and other geometric concepts.

5 Recording equivalent units of length; recognizing appropriate units of measure for various items; finding the areas of rectangles; using multiplication arrays, coordinate grids, thermometers, and map scales to estimate distances. Finding patterns on the number grid; solving Frames-and-Arrows puzzles having two rules; completing variations of "What's My Rule?" activities; exploring the relationship between multiplication and division; using parentheses in writing number models; naming missing parts of number models. Mathematical Content for Fourth Grade Everyday Mathematics just numbers and arithmetic. Fourth Grade Everyday Mathematics content Reading, writing, and comparing whole numbers through 1,000,000 decimals through the thousandths, negative numbers to -20, and fractions; understanding relations between fractions, decimals and percents; locating fractions and mixed numbers on a number line; generating equivalent fractions. Using paper-and-pencil algorithms to add, subtract, multiply, and divide multi-digit whole numbers and decimals; using mental arithmetic both to compute exact answers and to estimate; rounding from millions to hundredths; modeling multiplication with arrays and area; doing operations with fractions. Creating, reading, and interpreting graphs; identifying landmarks in data sets, including range, median, mode, and mean; listing all possible outcomes in simple situations; using fractions to quantify probabilities; using experimental results to make predictions.

6 Locating points on a coordinate grid; drawing and measuring angles; classifying angles as acute, obtuse, and right; classifying lines as parallel, intersecting, and perpendicular; recognizing and using transformations, including reflections and rotations; understanding the relationship between reflections and the line symmetry; building 3-dimensional shapes; describing, comparing, and analyzing 2- and 3-dimensional figures. Using tools to measure length, area, volume, weight, temperature, and time; developing personal references for inches, centimeters, feet, meters, and yards; estimating lengths and weights; finding areas and perimeters of rectangles, parallelograms, and triangles; finding volumes of rectangular prisms by counting cubic units; calculating elapsed time; using correct units in all measurements; calculating distances using map scales. Patterns, Functions and Algebra Using letters and other symbols for unknowns; simplifying expressions containing parentheses; creating, extending, and describing patterns; using formulas for finding the areas of simple geometric figures; determining rules that relate numbers in pairs; finding missing numbers in tables; translating among verbal, numerical, and graphical representations; understanding and writing models for number stories. Mathematical Content for Fifth Grade Everyday Mathematics just numbers and arithmetic. Fifth Grade Everyday Mathematics content Reading, writing, and comparing negative numbers, fractions, whole numbers through billions, and decimals through thousandths; reading writing, and interpreting whole number powers of 10; translating between exponential and standard notation; understanding and identifying prime numbers, composite numbers, and square numbers. Using paper-and-pencil algorithms to add, subtract, multiply, and divide multi-digit whole numbers and decimals; using mental arithmetic both to compute exact answers and to estimate; rounding from billions to hundredths; translating among fractions, decimals; and percents; prime factoring; converting between fractions and mixed numbers; adding and

7 subtracting fractions and mixed numbers with unlike denominators; finding least common multiples and great common factors; multiplying and dividing fractions. Comparing probabilities for different outcomes; comparing theoretical and experimental probabilities; expressing probabilities as fractions, decimals, and percents; drawing justifiable conclusions from data; displaying data in more than one way; formulating a question, carrying out a survey or experiment, recording data, and communicating results; drawing and interpreting circle graphs and stem-and-leaf plots; understanding measures of central tendency (mean, median, mode). Constructing a circle with a given radius or diameter; defining and creating tessellations; measuring and drawing angles, including reflex and straight angles; identifying and defining right, isosceles, and equilateral triangles; plotting points in four quadrants; using translations, reflections, and rotations; solving perimeter, areas, and volume problems; understanding the relationship between the volumes of cones/pyramids and cylinders/prisms; finding the surface area of a cube and the areas of a circle; identifying angle relationships in triangles and quadrilaterals. Measuring and estimating length, area, volume, weight, and capacity; converting and computing with common units of measure; creating scale drawings. Evaluating simple algebraic expressions; finding rules for patterns; finding rules for patterns; finding the nth term in a sequence; solving simple open number sentences and simple rate problems; working with equations by doing the same thing to both sides; understanding simple direct proportion; using variables and equations to represent situations; graphing ordered pairs; translating among verbal, numerical, and graphical representations. Mathematical Content for Sixth Grade Everyday Mathematics just numbers and arithmetic. Sixth Grade Everyday Mathematics content

8 Reading, writing, and comparing whole numbers, negative numbers, fractions, decimals, and percents; reading, writing, and interpreting integer powers of 10; converting between scientific and standard notation and among fractions, decimals, percents, and mixed numbers; renaming fractions and mixed numbers in simplest form. Using paper-and-pencil algorithms for basic operations with whole numbers, fractions, and decimals; using mental arithmetic to compute exact answers and to estimate; performing operations with integers and with numbers in scientific notation; solving problems using unit rates and ratios; solving proportions; using ratios in scale drawings and size-change factors in similar figures; rounding to any specified place; adding and subtracting fractions and mixed numbers with unlike denominators; multiplying and dividing fractions; finding least common multiples, greatest common factors, and prime factors. Expressing probabilities as fractions, decimals, and percents; using tree diagrams to analyze simple probabilistic situations; understanding that the sum of the probabilities for all possible outcomes of an experiment is 1; making predictions based on theoretical probabilities and understanding why actual outcomes may differ from predicted outcomes; constructing and interpreting circle graphs; understanding how changing the scale of the axes affects a graph; using measures of central tendency (mean, median, mode) to characterize data sets; understanding how changes in a data set may affect the mean, median, and mode; formulating a question, carrying out a survey or experiment, recording data, and communicating results. Comparing and contrasting properties of 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional figures; understanding congruence and similarity; visualizing, describing, and using translations, reflections, rotations, and size-change transformations; using formulas to compute areas, volumes, perimeters, circumferences, and surface areas; measuring drawing, and classifying angles; identifying angle relationships in triangles and quadrilaterals, in parallel lines cut by a transversal, and in intersecting and perpendicular lines; understanding and applying basic concepts in topology; classifying tessellations.

9 Measuring and estimating length, area, volume, weight, and capacity; converting and computing with common units of measure; creating scale drawings; measuring length to 1/16 inch and 1 mm. Recognizing, continuing, and describing complex patterns; finding the nth term in a sequence; using variables and open number sentences to represent problem situations; writing equations to fit given tables of numbers; evaluating algebraic expressions; solving linear equations with one unknown by performing the same operation to both sides of the equation; representing linear functions as equations, in tables and graphs, and verbally as rules; understanding and applying the order of operations and the distributive property. Parent information on Everyday Mathematics: go to