CONFERENCE SERIES PROFESSIONAL COMMUNICATION AND TRANSLATION STUDIES

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2 CONFERENCE SERIES PROFESSIONAL COMMUNICATION AND TRANSLATION STUDIES

3 EDITORS RODICA SUPERCEANU Politehnica University of Timișoara, Romania DANIEL DEJICA Politehnica University of Timișoara, Romania ADVISORY BOARD EUGENIA ARJOCA-IEREMIA University of Timișoara, Romania MARIANA CERNICOVA-BUCĂ Politehnica University of Timișoara, Romania GYDE HANSEN Copenhagen Business School, Denmark ANGELIKA IONAȘ University of Timișoara, Romania DEBRA JOURNET University of Louisville, USA UROS MOZETIC University of Ljubljana, Slovenia HORTENSIA PÂRLOG University of Timișoara, Romania RODICA SUPERCEANU Politehnica University of Timișoara, Romania MARIA ȚENCHEA University of Timișoara, Romania PUBLISHER THE DEPARTMENT OF COMMUNICATION AND FOREIGN LANGUAGES POLITHENICA UNIVERSITY OF TIMIȘOARA DISCLAIMER: The authors are solely responsible for the content of their articles. PROFESSIONAL COMMUNICATION AND TRANSLATION STUDIES, VOL 3 (1-2) / 2010 ISSN X

4 POLITEHNICA UNIVERSITY OF TIMIŞOARA DEPARTMENT OF COMMUNICATION AND FOREIGN LANGUAGES PROFESSIONAL COMMUNICATION AND TRANSLATION STUDIES Volume 3, Issue 1-2, 2010 Proceedings of the 6th International Conference 3-4 April 2009 TIMIȘOARA, ROMANIA POLITEHNICA UNIVERSITY PRESS TIMIȘOARA 2010

5 Copyright Editura Politehnica, 2010 All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. EDITURA POLITEHNICA Bd. Republicii nr Timisoara, Romania Tel. 0256/ Fax. 0256/ editura@edipol.upt.ro Editorial advisor: Prof. dr. ing. Sabin IONEL Redactor: Claudia MIHALI Printing date: Printing paper: 6.25 ISSN X Printed in Romania Printing order: 85 Printing center, Politehnica University of Timisoara

6 PROFESSIONAL COMMUNICATION AND TRANSLATION STUDIES, 3 (1-2) / 2010 CONTENTS PREFACE.. CONTENTS.. NOTES ON EDITORIAL BOARD AND CONTRIBUTORS.. v vii ix I. PROFESSIONAL COMMUNICATION PR CHALLENGES IN PROMOTING THE CROSS-BORDER COOPERATION DANUBE-CRIS-MURES-TISA (DKMT)... Mariana CERNICOVA INTERCULTURAL NEGOTIATIONS: A CULTURAL APPROACH... Raluca-Nicoleta ROGOVEANU ETHICS AND INDIVIDUAL BEHAVIOUR... Elena Claudia CONSTANTIN CREATIVITY IN PUBLIC RELATIONS... Adina PALEA POLITISCHE KOMMUNIKATION IN DER MEDIENGESELLSCHAFT - AM BEISPIEL DER INITIATIVE VERDE PENTRU BICICLETE IN TEMESWAR... Tanja BECKER DIE ABTEILUNG FÜR MODERNE ANGEWANDTE SPRACHEN DER TRANSILVANIA UNIVERSITÄT EINE BILANZ NACH DER ERSTEN BACHELOR GENERATION... Ioana DIACONU II. LINGUISTICS AND COMMUNICATION ROYAL SPEECH PREVENTS CRISIS QUEEN ELIZABETH S SPEECH ON THE DEATH OF PRINCESS DIANA... Marina-Cristiana ROTARU A GENERAL VIEW ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ESP AND EGP... Alexandra-Valeria POPESCU JUGENDSPRACHE ALS PROVOKATION... Andreea R. RUTHNER vii

7 PROFESSIONAL COMMUNICATION AND TRANSLATION STUDIES, 3 (1-2) / 2010 III. TRANSLATION STUDIES SEMANTIC PECULIARITIES IN THE LEGAL DISCOURSE: A TRANSLATION- ORIENTED APPROACH Mihaela COZMA THE INTERNAL RULES OF THE EXAMPLE DATABASE DESIGN... Nadia Luiza DINCA BESONDERHEITEN BEIM DEUTSCH-RUMÄNISCHEN ÜBERSETZEN VON TEXTEN AUS DEM BEREICH DER KUNSTGESCHICHTE... Andreea-M. SÁNDOR LIST OF ABSTRACTS IN ENGLISH viii

8 PREFACE The second volume of Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference Professional Communication and Translation studies presents contributions of the participants grouped into the same three sections as the first volume: Professional Communication, Linguistics and Communication and Translation Studies. What distinguishes these articles from those in the first volume is their noticeable applied orientation: they study instances of communication or communication mediation. The topics of the articles in the Professional Communication section are quite varied, but so is human communication. However, the articles have a common denominator: their concern with live communication, which in these cases is political, corporate, administrative, or educational. Even those which are bent on generalization and theorizing about creativity in PR or negotiating styles bring forth ample illustrations of the ideas with samples of communication. The articles in the Linguistics and Communication section focus on language the linguistic contrasting points between ESP and EGP, the importance of language for understanding issues of social concern, and teenage language and highlight the contribution of language to communication. The articles of Translation Studies belong to two research areas: translation problems and translation databases. One article of the former area deals with the problems of EU legislation, whose sources are the semantic peculiarities of the texts, while the other studies the linguistic problems: semantic, lexical and grammatical with the translation of art history texts. The article on translation databases proposes a solution for designing a database for example-based translation. The editors v

9 PROFESSIONAL COMMUNICATION AND TRANSLATION STUDIES, 3 (1-2) / 2010 NOTES ON EDITORIAL BOARD AND CONTRIBUTORS Eugenia ARJOCA-IEREMIA, PhD, is a reader in French and Chair of the Romance Languages Department at the University of the West, Timişoara. Her research interests focus on contemporary French semantics, discourse analysis, LSP translation and French grammar. She is a member in several international associations such as Romanian Society of Romance Linguistics or Association des chercheurs en linguistique française. earjoca[a]litere.uvt.ro Mariana CERNICOVA-BUCA, PhD, is a reader at the Department of Communication and Foreign Languages, Politehnica University of Timişoara. Author of 10 books on stylistics, journalism and modern history, her focus is on applied linguistics, communication sciences and political science. Her professional experience includes translation, counselling in public relations, academic management (provost of a private university, ), and political journalism. She is distinguished with the National Order for Merit in Education (2004). She is a member of the European Communication and Research Association, a Board member of the Alliance of Universities for Democracy, vice-president of the Association for Romanian Media History, vicepresident of the Centre for Ethical Resources and Initiatives and a member of the Association for Professors in Journalism and Communication. She is a book reviewer and editor for the AUDEM: International Journal of Higher Education and Democracy. mcernicova[a]gmail.com Daniel DEJICA holds a PhD in translation studies from the University of the West, Timişoara. His research interests include translation theory and methodology, LSP translation, and discourse analysis for translation purposes. Daniel Dejica is a member of the Advanced Translation Research Center (ATRC) team at the University of Saarbrucken, Germany. He has been co-editing the Proceedings of the Professional Communication and Translation Studies conference at Politehnica University of Timişoara since 2001; he is also a member in the editorial boards of other international peer-reviewed journals such as connexions: international professional communication journal (University of Lisbon) or MuTra Journal (University of Saarbrucken). daniel.dejica[a]cls.upt.ro Gyde HANSEN, PhD, Prof. Dr. Habil., has taught at the Copenhagen Business School since 1978 in the disciplines: comparative linguistics, intercultural communication, semiotics and marketing, translation theory and practice, textual analysis and revision, philosophy of science and empirical research methods. Since 2004, she has been Vice President of EST (European Society for Translation Studies). Her research projects include: TRAP (Translation processes), the Copenhagen Retrospection Project, a longitudinal study From Student to Expert and TraREdit, an investigation of quality in translation and revision. gh.isv[a]cbs.dk Angelika IONAS, PhD, is a reader and Vice-Dean of the School of Letters, University of the West, Timişoara. Her research interests include communication theory, intercultural communicarion, rhetoric, and german didactics. She has been authoring and co-authoring more than ten books and German language courses. Angelika IONAS is a member in several international associations, such as Deutsch-Rumänische Akademie-Internationales Forum für Wissenschaften, Ethik, Theologie, Literatur und Kunst (Maniz, Germany). angelika.ionas[a]yahoo.com Debra JOURNET, PhD, is a distinguished teaching professor and PhD supervisor at the University of Louisville, USA. Her research interests include rhetoric of science, narrative theory, technical and scientific communication, multimodal composition, and research methodologies in rhetoric and composition. In 2006 and 2008 she was Director of the Thomas R. Watson Conference in Rhetoric and Composition. debra.journet[a]louisville.edu ix

10 PROFESSIONAL COMMUNICATION AND TRANSLATION STUDIES, 3 (1-2) / 2010 Uros MOZETIC, PhD, is an associate professor in English and American literature at the English Department, the Faculty of Arts, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia. He is also a poet and literary translator, co-editor of the international scholarly journal ELOPE, member of the editorial board of the leading Slovene literary and humanist magazine Nova Revija, and a corresponding fellow of The English Association. His main areas of research lie in translation studies, narratology, modern English and American poetry. uros.mozetic@ff.uni-lj.si Hortensia PÂRLOG, PhD, is a professor in English at the University of the West, Timişoara, where she supervises doctoral students. She is the author or co-author of several books and dictionaries, the oldest being The Sounds of English and Romanian (co-author D. Chiţoran, J. Augerot), 1984, and the latest Translating the Body, München, Lincom, 2007, revised and enlarged edition, Iaşi, Institutul European, 2009 (co-authors Pia Brînzeu, Aba-Carina Pârlog). She is the founder and editor of the journal B.A.S.-British and American Studies. abaparlog[a]gmail.com Rodica SUPERCEANU, PhD, is a reader and Chair of the Department of Communication and Foreign Languages, Politehnica University of Timişoara, where she has been teaching discourse analysis, pragmatics and translation since Her research has focused on areas which run parallel to her teaching: discourse and genre analysis, translation studies, translation didactics and lexicography. She is the author of The Rhetoric of Scientific Articles (1998), Elements of Discourse and Discourse Analysis (2000), Translating Pragmatic Texts (2004, 2009), of three LSP textbooks and of numerous articles. She has also co-authored Professional Genres in Public Administration (2006) and two bilingual dictionaries for robotics (2004). She coordinated a research project on a NCSRHE grant about professional genres used in business and public administration settings. Since 2003 she has been editor of the Scientific Bulletin of Politehnica University of Timişoara, the Modern Languages Series and since 2001, editor of the proceedings volume Professional Communication and Translation Studies. rodica.superceanu[a]cls.upt.ro Maria TENCHEA, PhD, is a professor in French with the Romance Languages Department, University of the West, Timişoara. She teaches French linguistics and translation and her research interests include French and Romance linguistics, contrastive analysis, and translation theory and methodology. She is the author of L'expression des relations temporelles dans le système des prépositions du français. Préposition et verbe; Études contrastives (domaine français-roumain); Le subjonctif dans les phrases indépendantes. Syntaxe et pragmatique; Noms, verbes, prépositions; (coord.) Etudes de traductologie; (coord.) Dicţionar contextual de termeni traductologici (franceză-română) [Contextual Dictionary of Translation Terms]. Maria Tenchea is a member of the SEPTET (Société d Études des Pratiques et Théories en Traduction). mtenchea[a]yahoo.com Tanja BECKER is DAAD Lecturer at the German Department for International Relations and European Studies, Faculty for Political Science, Philosophy and Communication Science, University of the West, Timişoara. She teaches political communication, discourse analysis, international communication, and introduction to scientific research. Her research interests focus on German literature in Central Europe, communication science, discourse analysis, and gender studies. She is undergoing her PhD studies in comparative literature, published numerous articles on German language and literature, and authored several books. becker[a]daad- Timişoara.de Mariana CERNICOVA-BUCA, PhD, is a reader at the Department of Communication and Foreign Languages, Politehnica University of Timişoara. Author of 10 books on stylistics, journalism and modern history, her focus is on applied linguistics, communication sciences and political science. Her professional experience includes translation, counselling in public relations, x

11 PROFESSIONAL COMMUNICATION AND TRANSLATION STUDIES, 3 (1-2) / 2010 academic management (provost of a private university, ), and political journalism. She is distinguished with the National Order for Merit in Education (2004). She is a member of the European Communication and Research Association, a Board member of the Alliance of Universities for Democracy, vice-president of the Association for Romanian Media History, vicepresident of the Centre for Ethical Resources and Initiatives and a member of the Association for Professors in Journalism and Communication. She is a book reviewer and editor for the AUDEM: International Journal of Higher Education and Democracy. mcernicova[a]gmail.com Elena C. CONSTANTIN is an assistant lecturer at the Department of Communication and Foreign Languages at the Politehnica University of Timisoara, where she teaches translation practice, general English and English for specific purposes. Her major research interests rely on translation studies and English as a foreign language; she has published more than 30 scientific articles in these fields. She is undergoing her PhD studies in the Management of Communication. claudia.constantin[a]cls.upt.ro Mihaela COZMA, PhD, is a lecturer at the English Department, University of the West, Timişoara, Romania. She teaches courses and seminars of English morphology and translation studies. She is interested in various aspects related to translation training and translation research, such as translation norms, translator's competence, discourse analysis for translation purposes, or legal-administrative translations. In 2006, her research in the field of translation led to the publication of a book entitled "Translating Legal-Administrative Discourse: the EU Legislation", a book which is based on the Ph.D. thesis that she defended in the same year. E- mail: mgcozma[a]yahoo.com Ioana DIACONU, PhD, is a reader at the Department of Foreign Languages and Literatures, Faculty of Letters, Transilvania University, Brasov. Her research includes communication theory and intercultural communication, both for translation purposes. Another focus of her research is didactics of German as a foreign language in universities, being co-author of Mit Deutsch studieren, arbeiten, leben, Milano, Archipelago edizioni, i_diaconu[a]yahoo.de Nadia Luiza DINCA is a PhD student at the Research Institute for Artificial Intelligence, Romanian Academy. Her research activities focus on theoretical and computational linguistics, machine translation, and speech synthesis. She worked as a linguist in the domain of text-tospeech at Nuance Communications International BVBA (Merelbeke, Belgium) and was the coordinator of a machine translation project at the Institute for Analysis and Synthesis of Open Informational Systems (Iasi, Romania). Nadia Dinca is the author of 11 articles in these fields. hnadia_luiza[a]hotmail.com Adina PALEA is a doctoral student at Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. She works as an assistant lecturer at the Politehnica University of Timisoara where she teaches crisis situation management, corporate communication and media relations. Her research interests are in the field of communication sciences, public relations, and new media. adina.palea@yahoo.com Alexandra-Valeria POPESCU is an assistant lecturer at the Department of Communication and Foreign Languages at the Politehnica University of Timisoara, where she teaches general English and English for specific purposes. Her main research interests include communication techniques, methods and strategies in teaching both English for specific purposes and English as a foreign language; she has published more articles in these fields. anda_vp@yahoo.com Raluca Nicoleta ROGOVEANU, PhD, is a lecturer at the Department of Foreign Languages, Ovidius University of Constanta. A member of ESSE, EAAS, RAAS, she has published widely on cultural studies, 20 th century American literature and business English. She authored 3 books and her articles have been published in both Romanian and foreign scientific journals. She teaches courses in American political institutions, American constitution and business communication and correspondence. ralu_ionita[a]yahoo.com. xi

12 PROFESSIONAL COMMUNICATION AND TRANSLATION STUDIES, 3 (1-2) / 2010 Marina-Cristiana ROTARU is a lecturer at the Department of Foreign Languages at the Romanian-American University in Bucharest, where she teaches Business English. Her major research topics focus on British cultural studies and she takes a special interest in contemporary constitutional monarchy. She has written various articles on British and Romanian royalty. She is undergoing her PhD studies in contemporary representations of constitutional monarchy at Université de Bretagne-Sud, Lorient, France. rotaru_marina[a]yahoo.com. Andreea SÁNDOR, MA, currently works as an Executive Assistant in the private sector. She has an 8 years experience in specialised (technical) translation and she coordinated the activity of a team of up to six translators over a 3 year period. Her fields of interest are the theory and practice of translation, terminology, special languages and communication studies. deasandor[a]yahoo.de Andreea UNGUREANU-RUTHNER is an assistant lecturer at the Department of Communication and Foreign Languages at the Politehnica University of Timişoara, where she teaches German and English as a foreign language. She holds an M.A. degree in German Interdisciplinary Studies from the University of the West, Timişoara, Romania. Her major research interests rely on intercultural aspects of the foreign language teaching methods. arruth2002[a]yahoo.com xii

13 PROFESSIONAL COMMUNICATION AND TRANSLATION STUDIES, 3 (1-2) / LIST OF ABSTRACTS POLITISCHE KOMMUNIKATION IN DER MEDIENGESELLSCHAFT - AM BEISPIEL DER INITIATIVE VERDE PENTRU BICICLETE IN TEMESWAR, Tanja BECKER Abstract: The project Verde pentru Biciclete has taken an active role in the political landscape of Timisoara since the autumn of It attracts attention mainly by high visibility events in the media. This article tries to analyse and compare the course of actions of this initiative with the current concepts of political communication in the mass-media. It shows that the project was conducted with a high degree of professionalism and that the actors involved knew very well how important the media are for its implementation. Key words: Political communication, media society, political actor PR CHALLENGES IN PROMOTING THE CROSS-BORDER COOPERATION DANUBE-CRIS- MURES-TISA (DKMT), Mariana CERNICOVA-BUCĂ Abstract: The cross-border cooperation is viewed in Europe as an important tool for unifying the once divided continent and for dismantling historic rivalries between states. In the border region of Romania, Hungary and Serbia the Euro-regional cooperation known as DKMT (Danube-Cris- Mures-Tisa) develops as a model for Romania. The elected officials at the regional level from the three states involved agree to develop projects and try to asses DKMT as part of the big Europe. The paper looks into the PR practice of the administrative bodies of DKMT and analyzes some of the current problems in delivering Euro-regional information to the general public. Key words: public relations, Euro-regional cooperation, (public) administration. ETHICS AND INDIVIDUAL BEHAVIOUR, Elena Claudia CONSTANTIN Abstract: The author stresses the importance of the fact that people who intend to work for different companies have to be aware of the company value system and comply with it. Unfortunately, some of these values may not be congruent with the employee s personal moral belief and ethics and there are cases when cultures collide. The article discusses some of the factors that can influence individual behaviour in an organization and suggests adequate training for both employers and employees in order to be able to cope with ethical differences. Key words: company value system, ethics, behaviour. SEMANTIC PECULIARITIES IN THE LEGAL DISCOURSE: A TRANSLATION-ORIENTED APPROACH, Mihaela COZMA Abstract: In addition to a wide range of specialized terms and expressions, legal texts are also characterized by the presence of a large number of words which belong to the common vocabulary, but which are assigned either special or vague meanings in this type of discourse. The paper discusses some semantic peculiarities presented by texts belonging to the category

14 84 PROFESSIONAL COMMUNICATION AND TRANSLATION STUDIES, 3 (1-2) / 2010 of the EU legislation, pointing to the problems that the Romanian translator of such texts might encounter. Key Words: EU legislation, lexico-semantic norms, specialized terms, preciseness of meaning, vagueness of meaning DIE ABTEILUNG FÜR MODERNE ANGEWANDTE SPRACHEN DER TRANSILVANIA UNIVERSITÄT EINE BILANZ NACH DER ERSTEN BACHELOR GENERATION, Ioana DIACONU Abstract: This paper presents the way the Faculty of Letters in Brasov has succeeded in carrying out the changes called for in the Bologna Process to the advantage of the Department of Applied Modern Languages, without abstracting away from the negative aspects. The reduction of the course hours has not only globally affected the curriculum but has also required rethinking the subject matters. This aspect is exemplified with the field of study communication techniques. Key words: Bologna Process, curriculum, communication techniques THE INTERNAL RULES OF THE EXAMPLE DATABASE DESIGN, Nadia Luiza DINCA Abstract: One of the internal rules of the example-based translation is the dependence of the translation quality on the length and representation of translation examples. These are managed by an example database, for which the linguist should answer two questions when s/he intends to design it: (1) what is the representation chosen for the translation example? and (2) what are the possibilities to generalize the translation examples stored in the database? In this paper my intent is to propose two answers, in fact a synergetical research direction for Romanian, English and French language. I will consider the representation of the translation examples as depedency trees and I will generalize them by means of the semantic information described by Levin s verb classes. Keywords: machine translation, translation example, dependency tree, example database design CREATIVITY IN PUBLIC RELATIONS, Adina PALEA Abstract: Public relations are a hot issue nowadays. People talk about them, read about them and think they understand what they are all about. One of the reasons why people feel so confident about their knowledge in this domain is based on the belief that public relations can be learned and practiced by observing the rules. This article shows, however, that creativity is an essential part of PR. Contrary to what many people may think success in this domain cannot be achieved without creative thinking. Key words: public relations, creativity, guerrilla PR, event planning

15 PROFESSIONAL COMMUNICATION AND TRANSLATION STUDIES, 3 (1-2) / A GENERAL VIEW ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ESP AND EGP, Alexandra- Valeria POPESCU Abstract: The present study is an attempt to inquire succinctly into the relationship between English for Specific Purposes (ESP) and English for General Purposes (EGP). In particular, the general purposes as well as their distinctive features are elaborated upon and examined. The points of contrast leading to the emphatic separation of these two language varieties sometimes occur because of inadequate descriptions or definitions. The aim of this paper is to draw a parallel between ESP and EGP in order to present their common and specific characteristics. Key words: ESP, EGP, common features, distinctive features INTERCULTURAL NEGOTIATIONS: A CULTURAL APPROACH, Raluca-Nicoleta ROGOVEANU Abstract: The peculiar characteristic of international business negotiations lies in their being influenced by a wide diversity of environments, which require changing perspectives that determine the selection of appropriate tactics and strategies. When negotiating internationally, what is right, reasonable, or appropriate are parameters largely dependent on the cultural values of the country in which the act of negotiation takes place. This article intends to explore different negotiating styles evolving from various cultures: some favoring the search for compromise, others opting for consensus, while others fighting until the opponent surrenders. Key words: cross-cultural negotiation, cultural systems, cultural assumptions, masculine/feminine cultures, individualistic/collectivistic cultures ROYAL SPEECH PREVENTS CRISIS QUEEN ELIZABETH S SPEECH ON THE DEATH OF PRINCESS DIANA, Marina-Cristiana ROTARU Abstract: The approach I have adopted in analyzing the queen s speech on the death of Princess Diana focuses on two aspects: critical discourse analysis (or CDA) and strategies of televised communication. The analytical framework of this investigation is based on Norman Fairclough (1992, 1995, 2000) and Patrich Charaudeau (1995, 1997). CDA emphasizes the importance of language for understanding issues of social concern. Strategies of televised communication aim to project a certain image to get a certain response from the public. The royal family had to carefully handle the public s reaction in order to avoid a crisis. Key-words: critical discourse, media communication contract, monarchy, royal speech JUGENDSPRACHE ALS PROVOKATION, Andreea R. RUTHNER Abstracts: Why do adults consider teenage language an act of defiance? This should be the first question to be raised on this matter. We have already experienced this difficult age, we have already dealt with the same questions, worries and thoughts, we all had our little conflicts with adults around us, and we still ask ourselves why teenagers seem so defying today. The present paper focuses on the analysis of the most important functions of teenage language and defines this language from two perspectives: first, as an attempt at public provocation, by means of irony, sarcasm and stylistic parody, and second, as an attempt to block the adult world off and create the feeling of affiliation to a peer group. Key words: conflicts, language scenes, swear-words, sex language, taboo subjects.

16 86 PROFESSIONAL COMMUNICATION AND TRANSLATION STUDIES, 3 (1-2) / 2010 BESONDERHEITEN BEIM DEUTSCH-RUMÄNISCHEN ÜBERSETZEN VON TEXTEN AUS DEM BEREICH DER KUNSTGESCHICHTE, Andreea-M. SÁNDOR Abstract: This paper describes particular aspects of the translation of texts from the field of art history from German into Romanian regarding the translation-oriented text analysis, translation problems and translation procedures. The paper discusses semantic translation problems and lexical, syntactic and morphological problems which are illustrated with examples and solutions. It also highlights the importance of research into the transfer of such texts from German into Romanian, the translator s knowledge about world history in general and history of art in particular, as well as his/her familiarity with the style of these texts. Key-words: source text comprehension, translation problems, subject matter knowledge, translator s stylistic proficiency