NEW HAMPSHIRE STATE CURRICULUM FRAMEWORK - SCIENCE

Transcription

1 Science Process Skills - Grades 7-8 SPS1 Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking Skills (INQ) 1. MAKING OBSERVATIONS AND ASKING QUESTIONS By the end of Grade 8, all students will apply skills from previous grades and S:SPS1:8:1.1 Use appropriate tools to accurately collect and record both qualitative and quantitative data gathered through observations (e.g., temperature probes, electronic balances, spring scales, microscopes, stop watches). SE/TE: 75, , , 379, , , 497, , , , , , 711, TR: Laboratory Manual 3-6, 17-19, 65-67, 70-73, 74-75, 79-82, 92-93, 94-96, , , , , , , , , , , , , , ; All in One Teaching Resources Lab Worksheets Unit ; Unit , , ; Unit , , ; Unit , , , ; Unit , , TECH: Web Code: ced- 5054, cfd-2031, cfd-3023, cfd-4010, cfd- 5021; Lab Zone Easy Planner; Lab Activity Video/DVD Finding the Density of Minerals; Rock Shake; Sand Hills; Keeping Comfortable; Investigating Changes in Density; Cleaning Up an Oil Spill; How Clean is the Air; Heating Earth s Surface; Sunny Rays and Angles; Cool Climate Graphs; Design and Build a Water Rocket; Stormy Sunspots; How Far is That Star?; Student Edition Audio CD, Presentation EXPRESS CD ROM S:SPS1:8:1.2 Determine the degree of N/A accuracy that can be obtained using a given instrument. S:SPS1:8:1.3 Investigate similarities and N/A differences noted when making observations. S:SPS1:8:1.4 Construct and use a dichotomous key to classify a given set of objects or organisms. N/A 1

2 S:SPS1:8:1.5 Evaluate methods of classification for a specific purpose. S:SPS1:8:1.6 Rephrase questions so that they can be tested or investigated using scientific methodologies. S:SPS1:8:1.7 Ask questions about relationships between and among observable variables. SE/TE: 48, 86-87, 92-93, 113, , , , 770, TR: Laboratory Manual, 7-9, 20-21, 26-28, , ; All in One Teaching Resources Guided Reading and Study Worksheet Unit ; Section Summary Unit 5-189; Review and Reinforcement Unit 5-195; Enrich Unit 5-196; Lab Worksheets Unit , , ; Unit ; Unit ; Chapter Project Teacher Notes Unit , ; Overview Unit , ; Worksheets Unit , ; Scoring Rubric Unit 1-220, 440 TECH: All in One Teaching Resources Transparency Unit 5- ES242; Web Code: cfd-4010; Lab Zone Easy Planner; Lab Activity Video/DVD A Borderline Case; A Mouthful of Minerals; Mystery Rocks; How Clean is the Air? A Moonth of Phases; Discovery Channel School Video Preview Rocks; Volcanoes; Student Edition Audio CD, Presentation N/A SE/TE: 75, , , 379, , , 497, , , , , , 711, TR: Laboratory Manual 3-6, 17-19, 65-67, 70-73, 74-75, 79-82, 92-93, 94-96, , , , , , , , , , , , , , ; All in One Teaching Resources Lab Worksheets Unit ; Unit , , ; Unit , , ; Unit , , , ; Unit , ,

3 TECH: Web Code: ced- 5054, cfd-2031, cfd-3023, cfd-4010, cfd- 5021; Lab Zone Easy Planner; Lab Activity Video/DVD Finding the Density of Minerals; Rock Shake; Sand Hills; Keeping Comfortable; Investigating Changes in Density; Cleaning Up an Oil Spill; How Clean is the Air; Heating Earth s Surface; Sunny Rays and Angles; Cool Climate Graphs; Design and Build a Water Rocket; Stormy Sunspots; How Far is That Star?; Student Edition Audio CD, Presentation EXPRESS CD ROM 2. DESIGNING SCIENTIFIC INVESTIGATIONS By the end of Grade 8, all students will apply skills from previous grades and S:SPS1:8:2.1 Identify the manipulated, responding and controlled variables in an experiment. SE/TE: 75, , , 379, , , 497, , , , , , 711, TR: Laboratory Manual 3-6, 17-19, 65-67, 70-73, 74-75, 79-82, 92-93, 94-96, , , , , , , , , , , , , , ; All in One Teaching Resources Lab Worksheets Unit ; Unit , , ; Unit , , ; Unit , , , ; Unit , , TECH: Web Code: ced- 5054, cfd-2031, cfd-3023, cfd-4010, cfd- 5021; Lab Zone Easy Planner; Lab Activity Video/DVD Finding the Density of Minerals; Rock Shake; Sand Hills; Keeping Comfortable; Investigating Changes in Density; Cleaning Up an Oil Spill; How Clean is the Air; Heating Earth s Surface; Sunny Rays and Angles; Cool Climate Graphs; Design and Build a Water Rocket; Stormy Sunspots; How Far is That Star?; Student Edition Audio CD, Presentation EXPRESS CD ROM 3

4 S:SPS1:8:2.2 Design a controlled experiment, identifying and controlling the major variables. SE/TE: 75, , , 379, , , 497, , , , , , 711, TR: Laboratory Manual 3-6, 17-19, 65-67, 70-73, 74-75, 79-82, 92-93, 94-96, , , , , , , , , , , , , , ; All in One Teaching Resources Lab Worksheets Unit ; Unit , , ; Unit , , ; Unit , , , ; Unit , , TECH: Web Code: ced- 5054, cfd-2031, cfd-3023, cfd-4010, cfd- 5021; Lab Zone Easy Planner; Lab Activity Video/DVD Finding the Density of Minerals; Rock Shake; Sand Hills; Keeping Comfortable; Investigating Changes in Density; Cleaning Up an Oil Spill; How Clean is the Air; Heating Earth s Surface; Sunny Rays and Angles; Cool Climate Graphs; Design and Build a Water Rocket; Stormy Sunspots; How Far is That Star?; Student Edition Audio CD, Presentation EXPRESS CD ROM S:SPS1:8:2.3 Identify flaws or omissions in the design of simple experiments. N/A 3. CONDUCTING SCIENTIFIC INVESTIGATIONS By the end of Grade 8, all students will apply skills from previous grades and S:SPS1:8:3.1 Use appropriate laboratory techniques to carry out student- or teacherdeveloped procedures or experiments. SE/TE: 75, 87, 117, 155, 185, 247, 255, 271, 283, 379, 455, 547, 623, 761 TR: Laboratory Manual 19, 21, 30, 40, 50, 67, 69, 75, 78, 95, 119, 144, 166, 196 TECH: Student Edition Audio CD, Presentation 4

5 S:SPS1:8:3.2 Use appropriate tools to gather data as part of an investigation (e.g., ruler, meter stick, thermometer, spring scale, graduated cylinder, calipers, balance, probes, microscopes). SE/TE: 75, , , 379, , , 497, , , , , , 711, TR: Laboratory Manual 3-6, 17-19, 65-67, 70-73, 74-75, 79-82, 92-93, 94-96, , , , , , , , , , , , , , ; All in One Teaching Resources Lab Worksheets Unit ; Unit , , ; Unit , , ; Unit , , , ; Unit , , S:SPS1:8:3.3 Follow the teacher s instructions in performing experiments, following all appropriate safety rules and procedures. TECH: Web Code: ced- 5054, cfd-2031, cfd-3023, cfd-4010, cfd- 5021; Lab Zone Easy Planner; Lab Activity Video/DVD Finding the Density of Minerals; Rock Shake; Sand Hills; Keeping Comfortable; Investigating Changes in Density; Cleaning Up an Oil Spill; How Clean is the Air; Heating Earth s Surface; Sunny Rays and Angles; Cool Climate Graphs; Design and Build a Water Rocket; Stormy Sunspots; How Far is That Star?; Student Edition Audio CD, Presentation EXPRESS CD ROM SE/TE: 23-27, 28 TR: Laboratory Manual v-xii; All in One Teaching Resources Guided Reading and Study Worksheet Unit ; Section Summary Unit 1-68; Review and Reinforcement Unit 1-72; Enrich Unit 1-73 TECH: All in One Teaching Resources ES7- ES8; Web Code: scn- 1624; Student Edition Audio CD; Presentation 5

6 4. REPRESENTING AND UNDERSTANDING RESULTS OF INVESTIGATIONS By the end of Grade 8, all students will apply skills from previous grades and S:SPS1:8:4.1 Use appropriate tools SE/TE: 51, 52-53, 180, 181, 690 (including computer hardware and software) to collect, organize, represent, analyze and TECH: Web Code: cfhexplain data. 2010; Lab Zone Easy Planner; Student Edition Audio CD; Presentation S:SPS1:8:4.2 Identify sources of error in experiments. S:SPS1:8:4.3 Draw appropriate conclusions regarding the scientific question under investigation, based on the data collected. N/A SE/TE: 19, 75, 86-87, 90, 113, 117, 120, 155, , 196, , , , , 322, , , 379, , 425, 521, , , 605, , , TR: Laboratory Manual 1-2, 17-19, 20-21, 26-28, 39-40, 47-49, 59-60, 65-67, 76-78, 83-84, 92-93, 94-96, , , , , , ; All in One Teaching Resources Lab Worksheet Unit , , , , , , Unit , , , , ; Unit , , , ; Unit , 70-71; Chapter Project Teacher Notes Unit ; Unit ; Overview Unit ; Unit ; Worksheets Unit ; Unit ; Scoring Rubric Unit 1-440; Unit

7 TECH: Web Code: ced- 5054, cfd-1041, cfh-3020; Lab Zone Easy Planner; Lab Activity Video Speeding Up Evaporation; Finding the Density of Minerals; A Mouthful of Minerals; Mystery Rocks; Modeling Mantle Convection Currents; Finding the Epicenter; Rock Shake; Streams in Action; Finding Clues to Rock Layers; Design and Build a Solar Cooker; Keeping Comfortable; Working Under Pressure; Tracking a Hurricane; Reading a Weather Map; Sunny Rays and Angles; A Moonth of Phases; Design and Build a Water Rocket; Discovery Channel School Video Preview Energy Resources; Student Edition Audio CD; Presentation 5. EVALUATING SCIENTIFIC EXPLANATIONS By the end of Grade 8, all students will apply skills from previous grades and S:SPS1:8:5.1 Determine if the results of an experiment support or refute the scientific idea tested. SE/TE: 19, 86-87, 117, 225, , 255, , , , , , TR: Laboratory Manual 1-2, 20-21, 29-30, 59-60, 65-67, 68-69, 74-75, , , , ; All in One Teaching Resources Lab Worksheet Unit , , , ; Unit , 50-51, 93-94; Unit ; Unit , ; Unit ; Chapter Project Teacher Notes Unit ; Overview Unit ; Worksheets Unit ; Scoring Rubric Unit

8 S:SPS1:8:5.2 Evaluate whether the information and data collected allows an evaluation of the scientific idea under investigation. TECH: Web Code: cfd- 4010; Lab Zone Easy Planner; Lab Activity Video Speeding Up Evaporation; A Mouthful of Minerals; Testing Rock Flooring; Gelatin Volcanoes; Rock Shake; Comparing Soils; Sand Hills; Soil Testing; How Clean IS the Air?; Heating Earth s Surface; Speeding Around the Sun; Discovery Channel School Video Preview Climate and Climate Change; Student Edition Audio CD; Presentation SE/TE: 4-5, , , , , , 559, , , TR: Laboratory Manual 50-51, 92-93, , , , ; All in One Teaching Resources Lab Worksheet Unit ; Unit ; Unit ; Unit ; Unit , ; Chapter Project Teacher Notes Unit , ; Unit ; Unit ; Unit ; Overview Unit , ; Unit ; Unit ; Unit ; Worksheet Unit , ; Unit ; Unit ; Unit ; Scoring Rubric Unit 1-44, 376; Unit 2-86; Unit 3-120; Unit TECH: Lab Zone Easy Planner; Lab Activity Video/DVD Design a Seismograph; Design and Build a Solar Cooker; Design and Build a Water Rocket; Design and Build a Telescope; Investigating Changes in Density; Measuring the Wind; Discovery Channel School Video Preview The Work of Scientists; Earthquakes; Erosion and Deposition; Ocean Motions; Weather Factors; Student Edition Audio CD; Presentation S:SPS1:8:5.3 Determine what additional information would be helpful in answering the scientific question. N/A 8

9 SPS2 Unifying Concepts of Science 1. NATURE OF SCIENCE (NOS) By the end of Grade 8, all students will apply skills from previous grades and S:SPS2:8:1.1 Describe how scientific investigations usually involve the collection of relevant evidence, the use of logical reasoning, and the application of imagination in devising hypotheses and explanations to make sense of the collected evidence. SE/TE: 4-5, 42-43, 52-53, 82-83, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , 751 TR: Laboratory Manual 10-12, 31-34, 35-38, 39-40, 41-46, 50-51, 92-93, , , , , , ; All in One Teaching Resources Guided Reading and Study Worksheet Unit ; Lab Worksheets Unit , , , ; Unit ; Unit , ; Unit ; Unit , ; Chapter Project Teacher Notes Unit Unit ; Unit ; Unit ; Overview Unit , 96-97, ; Unit ; Unit ; Unit ; Unit ; Worksheet Unit , 98-99, ; Unit ; Unit ; Unit ; Unit ; Scoring Rubric Unit 1-44, 100, 302; Unit 2-86; Unit 3-120; Unit 4-106; Unit

10 S:SPS2:8:1.2 Realize that when similar investigations give different results, the scientific challenge is to judge whether the differences are trivial or significant, and this often requires more investigations. TECH: Web Code: ceh- 5050, cfd-4013, cfh-1020, cfh-1040, cfh- 2010, cfh-2030, cfh-3020, cfh-4010, cfh- 4030, cfh-5030; Lab Zone Easy Planner; Lab Activity Video A Map in a Pan; Modeling Sea- Floor Spreading; Modeling Mantle Convection Currents; Design a Seismograph; Design and Build a Solar Cooker; Investigating Changes in Density; Modeling Ocean Currents; Measuring the Wind; Design and Build a Water Rocket; Design and Build a Telescope; Discovery Channel School Video Field Trip: The Work of Scientists; Mapping Earth s Surface; Plate Tectonics; Erosion and Deposition; Ocean Motions; Weather Factors; The Solar System; Student Edition Audio CD; Presentation SE/TE: 185, 22, 27, 30, 140, 158, 268, 306, 326, 350, 360, 384, 395, 419, 496, 610, 696 TR: Laboratory Manual; All in One Teaching Resources Lab Worksheets Unit TECH: Lab Zone Easy Planner; Lab Activity Video Design a Seismograph; Student Edition Audio CD; Presentation S:SPS2:8:1.3 Realize that knowledge, based on science, is subject to modification as new information challenges prevailing theories and as a new theory leads to looking at old observations in a new way. SE/TE: 12, , 316, 683 TR: All in One Teaching Resources: Guided Reading and Study Worksheet Unit ; Section Summary Unit 1-336; Review and Reinforcement Unit 1-340; Enrich Unit Transparencies Unit 1- ES47-ES48; Web Code: cfp-1015; Student Edition Audio CD; Presentation 10

11 S:SPS2:8:1.4 Provide examples that show how some scientific knowledge is very old and yet is still applicable today. Can be developed using the following: SE/TE: 12, , 316, 683, , , , 751 TR: : Laboratory Manual 50-51, 92-93, , ; All in One Teaching Resources Guided Reading and Study Worksheet Unit , ; Unit ; Unit , ; Section Summary Unit 1-336; Review and Reinforcement Unit 1-340; Enrich Unit TECH: All in One Teaching Resources Transparencies Unit 1- ES47-ES48; Lab Zone Easy Planner; Web Code: cfp-1015; Lab Activity Video/DVD Design a Seismograph; Design and Build a Solar Cooker; Design and Build a Water Rocket; Design and Build a Telescope; Student Edition Audio CD; Presentation EXPRESS CD S:SPS2:8:1.5 Recognize that some matters N/A cannot be examined usefully in a scientific way, such as those matters that by their nature cannot be tested objectively and those that are essentially matters of morality. S:SPS2:8:1.6 Give examples of how science can sometimes be used to inform ethical decisions by identifying the likely consequences of particular actions but cannot be used to establish that some action is either moral or immoral. N/A 11

12 2. SYSTEMS AND ENERGY (SAE) By the end of Grade 8, all students will apply skills from previous grades and S:SPS2:8:2.1 Understand that any system is usually connected to other systems, both internally and externally; thus a system may be thought of as containing subsystems and as being a subsystem of a larger system. SE/TE: 14, 15, 98, , , 319, , 332, TR: Laboratory Manual 35-46; All in One Teaching Resources: Guided Reading and Study Worksheet Unit , , , , , ; Unit ; Section Summary Unit 1-304, 312, 319, 325, 336, 378; Unit 2-104; Review and Reinforcement Unit 1-309, 316, 322, 329, 340, 383; Unit 2-198; Enrich Unit 1-310, 317, 323, 330, 341, 384; Unit 2-199; Lab Worksheet Unit , ; Key Terms Review Unit 1-344; Performance Assessment Teacher Notes Unit 1-353; Worksheet Unit 1-355; Scoring Rubric Unit 1-354; Chapter Test Unit ; Chapter Project Teacher Notes Unit ; Overview Unit ; Worksheets Unit ; Scoring Rubric Unit Transparencies Unit 1- ES38- ES50, ES51- ES52; Unit 2- ES105-ES106; Web Code: cfd-1012, cfd-1014, cfp-1015; Web Code: scf-1010, scn-0745; scn-1011, scn- 1013, scn-1021; Lab Zone Easy Planner CD- Rom; Discovery Channel School Video Preview and Field Trip: Plate Tectonics; Student Edition Audio CD; Presentation 12

13 S:SPS2:8:2.2 Analyze how the output of one part of a system, which can include materials, energy or information, can become the input to other parts. SE/TE: 14, 15, 98, , , 319, , 332, TR: Laboratory Manual 35-46; All in One Teaching Resources: Guided Reading and Study Worksheet Unit , , , , , ; Unit ; Section Summary Unit 1-304, 312, 319, 325, 336, 378; Unit 2-104; Review and Reinforcement Unit 1-309, 316, 322, 329, 340, 383; Unit 2-198; Enrich Unit 1-310, 317, 323, 330, 341, 384; Unit 2-199; Lab Worksheet Unit , ; Key Terms Review Unit 1-344; Performance Assessment Teacher Notes Unit 1-353; Worksheet Unit 1-355; Scoring Rubric Unit 1-354; Chapter Test Unit ; Chapter Project Teacher Notes Unit ; Overview Unit ; Worksheets Unit ; Scoring Rubric Unit Transparencies Unit 1- ES38- ES50, ES51- ES52; Unit 2- ES105-ES106; Web Code: cfd-1012, cfd-1014, cfp-1015; Web Code: scf-1010, scn-0745; scn-1011, scn- 1013, scn-1021; Lab Zone Easy Planner CD- Rom; Discovery Channel School Video Preview and Field Trip: Plate Tectonics; Student Edition Audio CD; Presentation 13

14 S:SPS2:8:2.3 Realize that as the complexity of any system increases, gaining an understanding of it depends increasingly on summaries (such as averages and ranges) and on descriptions of typical examples of that system. Can be developed using the following: SE/TE: 14, 15, 98, , , 319, , 332, TR: Laboratory Manual 35-46; All in One Teaching Resources: Guided Reading and Study Worksheet Unit , , , , , ; Unit ; Section Summary Unit 1-304, 312, 319, 325, 336, 378; Unit 2-104; Review and Reinforcement Unit 1-309, 316, 322, 329, 340, 383; Unit 2-198; Enrich Unit 1-310, 317, 323, 330, 341, 384; Unit 2-199; Lab Worksheet Unit , ; Key Terms Review Unit 1-344; Performance Assessment Teacher Notes Unit 1-353; Worksheet Unit 1-355; Scoring Rubric Unit 1-354; Chapter Test Unit ; Chapter Project Teacher Notes Unit ; Overview Unit ; Worksheets Unit ; Scoring Rubric Unit Transparencies Unit 1- ES38- ES50, ES51- ES52; Unit 2- ES105-ES106; Web Code: cfd-1012, cfd-1014, cfp-1015; Web Code: scf-1010, scn-0745; scn-1011, scn- 1013, scn-1021; Lab Zone Easy Planner CD- Rom; Discovery Channel School Video Preview and Field Trip: Plate Tectonics; Student Edition Audio CD; Presentation S:SPS2:8:2.4 Explain that when energy is transformed or converted from one type to another, there is no net loss of energy. SE/TE: 286, 360, TR: Laboratory Manual 92-93; All in One Teaching Resources: Guided Reading and Study Worksheet Unit ; Section Summary Unit 2-250; Review and Reinforcement Unit 2-255; Enrich Unit 2-256; Lab Worksheet Unit

15 S:SPS2:8:2.5 Describe how objects and substances can store energy (e.g., a battery, food, gasoline). Transparencies Unit 2- ES113-ES115; Web Code; scn-0552; Lab Zone Easy Planner; Lab Activity Video Design and Build a Solar Cooker; Discovery Channel School Video Preview and Field Trip Energy Resources; Student Edition Audio CD, Presentation SE/TE: 286, 360, TR: Laboratory Manual 92-93; All in One Teaching Resources: Guided Reading and Study Worksheet Unit ; Section Summary Unit 2-250; Review and Reinforcement Unit 2-255; Enrich Unit 2-256; Lab Worksheet Unit Transparencies Unit 2- ES113-ES115; Web Code; scn-0552; Lab Zone Easy Planner; Lab Activity Video Design and Build a Solar Cooker; Discovery Channel School Video Preview and Field Trip Energy Resources; Student Edition Audio CD, Presentation 3. MODELS AND SCALE (MAS) By the end of Grade 8, all students will apply skills from previous grades and S:SPS2:8:3.1 Demonstrate how mathematical models can be displayed on a computer and then modified to see what happens. S:SPS2:8:3.2 Know that different models can be used to represent the same thing; what kind of model is used and how complex it should be depends on its purpose; and the usefulness of a model is one of the instances in which intuition and creativity come into play in science, mathematics and engineering. N/A SE/TE: , , 267, 439, 674, , 724 TR: Laboratory Manual 35-38; Chapter Project Teacher Notes Unit ; Unit ; Overview Unit ; Unit ; Worksheets Unit ; Unit ; Scoring Rubric Unit 1-302; Unit 5-100; Lab Worksheets Unit

16 S:SPS2:8:3.3 Discover how properties of systems that depend on volume, such as capacity and weight change, change out of proportion to properties that depend on area, such as strength or surface processes. TECH: Lab Zone Easy Planner CD-Rom; Lab Activity Video/DVD Modeling Sea-Floor Spreading; Discovery Channel School Video Preview Plate Tectonics, The Solar System; Student Edition on Audio CD; Presentation N/A S:SPS2:8:3.4 Recognize that as the complexity of any system increases, gaining an understanding increasingly depends on summaries (such as averages and ranges) and on descriptions of typical examples of that system. Can be developed using the following: SE/TE: 14, 15, 98, , , 319, , 332, TR: Laboratory Manual 35-46; All in One Teaching Resources: Guided Reading and Study Worksheet Unit , , , , , ; Unit ; Section Summary Unit 1-304, 312, 319, 325, 336, 378; Unit 2-104; Review and Reinforcement Unit 1-309, 316, 322, 329, 340, 383; Unit 2-198; Enrich Unit 1-310, 317, 323, 330, 341, 384; Unit 2-199; Lab Worksheet Unit , ; Key Terms Review Unit 1-344; Performance Assessment Teacher Notes Unit 1-353; Worksheet Unit 1-355; Scoring Rubric Unit 1-354; Chapter Test Unit ; Chapter Project Teacher Notes Unit ; Overview Unit ; Worksheets Unit ; Scoring Rubric Unit

17 Transparencies Unit 1- ES38- ES50, ES51- ES52; Unit 2- ES105-ES106; Web Code: cfd-1012, cfd-1014, cfp-1015; Web Code: scf-1010, scn-0745; scn-1011, scn- 1013, scn-1021; Lab Zone Easy Planner CD- Rom; Discovery Channel School Video Preview and Field Trip: Plate Tectonics; Student Edition Audio CD; Presentation 4. PATTERNS OF CHANGE (POC) By the end of Grade 8, all students will apply skills from previous grades and S:SPS2:8:4.1 Analyze how physical and biological systems tend to change until they become stable and then stay that way unless their surroundings change. SE/TE: 14, 15, 98, , , 319, , 332, TR: Laboratory Manual 35-46; All in One Teaching Resources: Guided Reading and Study Worksheet Unit , , , , , ; Unit ; Section Summary Unit 1-304, 312, 319, 325, 336, 378; Unit 2-104; Review and Reinforcement Unit 1-309, 316, 322, 329, 340, 383; Unit 2-198; Enrich Unit 1-310, 317, 323, 330, 341, 384; Unit 2-199; Lab Worksheet Unit , ; Key Terms Review Unit 1-344; Performance Assessment Teacher Notes Unit 1-353; Worksheet Unit 1-355; Scoring Rubric Unit 1-354; Chapter Test Unit ; Chapter Project Teacher Notes Unit ; Overview Unit ; Worksheets Unit ; Scoring Rubric Unit

18 S:SPS2:8:4.2 Recognize how many systems contain feedback mechanisms that serve to keep changes within specified limits. Transparencies Unit 1- ES38- ES50, ES51- ES52; Unit 2- ES105-ES106; Web Code: cfd-1012, cfd-1014, cfp-1015; Web Code: scf-1010, scn-0745; scn-1011, scn- 1013, scn-1021; Lab Zone Easy Planner CD- Rom; Discovery Channel School Video Preview and Field Trip: Plate Tectonics; Student Edition Audio CD; Presentation Can be developed using the following: SE/TE: 14, 15, 98, , , 319, , 332, TR: Laboratory Manual 35-46; All in One Teaching Resources: Guided Reading and Study Worksheet Unit , , , , , ; Unit ; Section Summary Unit 1-304, 312, 319, 325, 336, 378; Unit 2-104; Review and Reinforcement Unit 1-309, 316, 322, 329, 340, 383; Unit 2-198; Enrich Unit 1-310, 317, 323, 330, 341, 384; Unit 2-199; Lab Worksheet Unit , ; Key Terms Review Unit 1-344; Performance Assessment Teacher Notes Unit 1-353; Worksheet Unit 1-355; Scoring Rubric Unit 1-354; Chapter Test Unit ; Chapter Project Teacher Notes Unit ; Overview Unit ; Worksheets Unit ; Scoring Rubric Unit

19 S:SPS2:8:4.3 Realize that symbolic equations can be used to summarize how the quantity of something changes over time or in response to other changes. Transparencies Unit 1- ES38- ES50, ES51- ES52; Unit 2- ES105-ES106; Web Code: cfd-1012, cfd-1014, cfp-1015; Web Code: scf-1010, scn-0745; scn-1011, scn- 1013, scn-1021; Lab Zone Easy Planner CD- Rom; Discovery Channel School Video Preview and Field Trip: Plate Tectonics; Student Edition Audio CD; Presentation SE/TE: 70, 74, 75, 153, 154, 549 TR: Laboratory Manual 3-7, 17-19, 65-67, 74-75, 94-96, , ; Lab Worksheets Unit ; 93-94, ; Unit ; Unit TECH: Lab Zone Easy Planner CD-Rom; Lab Activity Video How to Use a Balance ; Finding t e Density of Minerals; Rock Shake; Sand Hills; Keeping Comfortable; Investigating Changes in Density; How Clean Is the Air?; Student Edition Audio CD; Presentation S:SPS2:8:4.4 Explain how symmetry (or the lack of it) may determine properties of many objects, from molecules and crystals to organisms and designed structures. N/A S:SPS2:8:4.5 Realize that cycles, such as the seasons or body temperature, can be described by their cycle length or frequency, what their highest and lowest values are, and when those values occur; different cycles range from many thousand years down to less than a billionth of a second. SE/TE: 14, 114, , , 413, TR: All in One Teaching Resources Guided Reading and Study Worksheet Unit ; Unit ; Unit ; Section Summary Unit 1-264; Unit 3-46; Unit 4-134; Review and Reinforcement Unit 1-267; Unit 3-51; Unit 4-138; Enrich Unit 1-268; Unit 3-52; Unit

20 Transparencies Unit 1-ES41; Unit 3- ES122- ES123; Unit 4- ES174-ES176; Web Code: cfd-1056, cfp-4024; Student Edition Audio CD, Presentation 5. FORM AND FUNCTION (FAF) By the end of Grade 8, all students will apply skills from previous grades and S:SPS2:8:5.1 Describe the relationship between structure and function of organ systems in plants and animals. N/A S:SPS2:8:5.2 Describe the structure and function of various organ systems (i.e., digestion, respiration, circulation, nervous, protection and support) and how these systems contribute to homeostasis of the organism. S:SPS2:8:5.3 Compare the structure and function of organ systems in one organism to the structure and function in another organism. N/A N/A SPS3 Personal, Social, and Technological Perspectives 1. COLLABORATION IN SCIENTIFIC ENDEAVORS By the end of Grade 8, all students will apply skills from previous grades and S:SPS3:8:1.1 Work effectively within a cooperative group setting, accepting and executing assigned roles and responsibilities. SE/TE: 4-5, 42-43, 52-53, 82-83, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,

21 TR: Laboratory Manual 10-12, 31-34, 35-38, 39-40, 41-46, 50-51, 92-93, , , , , , ; All in One Teaching Resources Guided Reading and Study Worksheet Unit ; Lab Worksheets Unit , , , ; Unit ; Unit , ; Unit ; Unit , ; Chapter Project Teacher Notes Unit Unit ; Unit ; Unit ; Chapter Project Overview Unit , 96-97, ; Unit ; Unit ; Unit ; Unit ; Chapter Project Worksheet Unit , 98-99, ; Unit ; Unit ; Unit ; Unit ; Chapter Project Scoring Rubric Unit 1-44, 100, 302; Unit 2-86; Unit 3-120; Unit 4-106; Unit TECH: Web Code: ceh- 5050, cfd-4013, cfh-1020, cfh-1040, cfh- 2010, cfh-2030, cfh-3020, cfh-4010, cfh- 4030, cfh-5030; Lab Zone Easy Planner; Discovery Channel School Video Field Trip: The Work of Scientists; Mapping Earth s Surface; Plate Tectonics; Erosion and Deposition; Ocean Motions; Weather Factors; The Solar System; Student Edition Audio CD; Presentation S:SPS3:8:1.2 Work collectively within a group toward a common goal. SE/TE: 4-5, 42-43, 52-53, 82-83, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,

22 TR: Laboratory Manual 10-12, 31-34, 35-38, 39-40, 41-46, 50-51, 92-93, , , , , , ; All in One Teaching Resources Guided Reading and Study Worksheet Unit ; Lab Worksheets Unit , , , ; Unit ; Unit , ; Unit ; Unit , ; Chapter Project Teacher Notes Unit Unit ; Unit ; Unit ; Chapter Project Overview Unit , 96-97, ; Unit ; Unit ; Unit ; Unit ; Chapter Project Worksheet Unit , 98-99, ; Unit ; Unit ; Unit ; Unit ; Chapter Project Scoring Rubric Unit 1-44, 100, 302; Unit 2-86; Unit 3-120; Unit 4-106; Unit TECH: Web Code: ceh- 5050, cfd-4013, cfh-1020, cfh-1040, cfh- 2010, cfh-2030, cfh-3020, cfh-4010, cfh- 4030, cfh-5030; Lab Zone Easy Planner; Discovery Channel School Video Field Trip: The Work of Scientists; Mapping Earth s Surface; Plate Tectonics; Erosion and Deposition; Ocean Motions; Weather Factors; The Solar System; Student Edition Audio CD; Presentation S:SPS3:8:1.3 Demonstrate respect of one another s abilities and contributions to the group. SE/TE: 4-5, 42-43, 52-53, 82-83, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,

23 TR: Laboratory Manual 10-12, 31-34, 35-38, 39-40, 41-46, 50-51, 92-93, , , , , , ; All in One Teaching Resources Guided Reading and Study Worksheet Unit ; Lab Worksheets Unit , , , ; Unit ; Unit , ; Unit ; Unit , ; Chapter Project Teacher Notes Unit Unit ; Unit ; Unit ; Chapter Project Overview Unit , 96-97, ; Unit ; Unit ; Unit ; Unit ; Chapter Project Worksheet Unit , 98-99, ; Unit ; Unit ; Unit ; Unit ; Chapter Project Scoring Rubric Unit 1-44, 100, 302; Unit 2-86; Unit 3-120; Unit 4-106; Unit TECH: Web Code: ceh- 5050, cfd-4013, cfh-1020, cfh-1040, cfh- 2010, cfh-2030, cfh-3020, cfh-4010, cfh- 4030, cfh-5030; Lab Zone Easy Planner; Discovery Channel School Video Field Trip: The Work of Scientists; Mapping Earth s Surface; Plate Tectonics; Erosion and Deposition; Ocean Motions; Weather Factors; The Solar System; Student Edition Audio CD; Presentation S:SPS3:8:1.4 Demonstrate an understanding of the ethics involved in scientific inquiry. N/A 23

24 2. COMMON ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES, NATURAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT AND CONSERVATION By the end of Grade 8, all students will apply skills from previous grades and S:SPS3:8:2.1 Locate and collect reliable information about the environment and environmental topics using a variety of methods and sources. S:SPS3:8:2.2 Judge the weaknesses and strengths of the information they are using. SE/TE: 257, , 497, , , , TR: Laboratory Manual , ; All in One Teaching Resources Guided Reading and Study Worksheet Unit ; Unit ; Section Summary Unit 3-204; Unit 4-69; Review and Reinforcement Unit 3-209; Unit 4-73; Enrich Unit 3-210; Unit 4-74; Lab Worksheet Unit ; Unit TECH: All in One Teaching Resources Transparencies Unit 3- ES154-ES155; Unit 4- ES164; Web Code: cfd- 4010; cfd-4014, cfh-1040, cfh-4010; Web Code: scn-0845; Lab Zone Easy Planner; Lab Activity Video Cleaning Up an Oil Spill; How Clean Is the Air; Student Edition Audio CD; Presentation Can be developed using the following: SE/TE: 185, 22, 27, 30, 140, 158, 268, 306, 326, 350, 360, 384, 395, 419, 496, 610, 696 TR: Laboratory Manual; All in One Teaching Resources Lab Worksheets Unit TECH: Lab Zone Easy Planner; Lab Activity Video Design a Seismograph; Student Edition Audio CD; Presentation S:SPS3:8:2.3 Explore the uses and limitations of models. SE/TE: , , 267, 439, 674, ,

25 TR: Laboratory Manual 35-38; Chapter Project Teacher Notes Unit ; Unit ; Overview Unit ; Unit ; Worksheets Unit ; Unit ; Scoring Rubric Unit 1-302; Unit 5-100; Lab Worksheets Unit S:SPS3:8:2.4 Synthesize observations and findings into coherent explanations about natural resources and the environment. TECH: Lab Zone Easy Planner CD-Rom; Lab Activity Video/DVD Modeling Sea-Floor Spreading; Discovery Channel School Video Preview Plate Tectonics, The Solar System; Student Edition on Audio CD; Presentation SE/TE: 257, , 497, , , , TR: Laboratory Manual , ; All in One Teaching Resources Guided Reading and Study Worksheet Unit ; Unit ; Section Summary Unit 3-204; Unit 4-69; Review and Reinforcement Unit 3-209; Unit 4-73; Enrich Unit 3-210; Unit 4-74; Lab Worksheet Unit ; Unit TECH: All in One Teaching Resources Transparencies Unit 3- ES154-ES155; Unit 4- ES164; Web Code: cfd- 4010; cfd-4014, cfh-1040, cfh-4010; Web Code: scn-0845; Lab Zone Easy Planner; Lab Activity Video Cleaning Up an Oil Spill; How Clean Is the Air; Student Edition Audio CD; Presentation 3. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, TECHNOLOGICAL DESIGN AND APPLICATION By the end of Grade 8, all students will apply skills from previous grades and S:SPS3:8:3.1 Design a product or solution to a problem. SE/TE: , , , 751 TR: Laboratory Manual 50-51, 92-93, , ; All in One Teaching Resources Lab Worksheet Unit ; Unit ; Unit ,

26 S:SPS3:8:3.2 Build a product that has been designed in class. TECH: Lab Zone Easy Planner; Lab Activity Video/DVD Design a Seismograph; Design and Build a Solar Cooker; Design and Build a Water Rocket; Design and Build a Telescope; Student Edition Audio CD; Presentation SE/TE: , , , 751 TR: Laboratory Manual 50-51, 92-93, , ; All in One Teaching Resources Lab Worksheet Unit ; Unit ; Unit , S:SPS3:8:3.3 Evaluate student-designed products according to established criteria and recommend improvements or modifications. TECH: Lab Zone Easy Planner; Lab Activity Video/DVD Design a Seismograph; Design and Build a Solar Cooker; Design and Build a Water Rocket; Design and Build a Telescope; Student Edition Audio CD; Presentation SE/TE: , , TR: Laboratory Manual 50-51, 92-93, , ; All in One Teaching Resources Lab Worksheet Unit ; Unit ; Unit , TECH: Lab Zone Easy Planner; Lab Activity Video/DVD Design a Seismograph; Design and Build a Solar Cooker; Design and Build a Water Rocket; Design and Build a Telescope; Student Edition Audio CD; Presentation SPS4 Science Skills for Information, Communication and Media Literacy By the end of Grade 8, all students will apply skills from previous grades and 1. INFORMATION AND MEDIA LITERACY S:SPS4:8:1.1 Use a variety of information access tools to locate, gather, and organize potential sources of scientific information to answer questions. SE/TE: 75, , , 379, , , 497, , , , , , 711,

27 TR: Laboratory Manual 3-6, 17-19, 65-67, 70-73, 74-75, 79-82, 92-93, 94-96, , , , , , , , , , , , , , ; Lab Worksheets Unit ; Unit , , ; Unit , , ; Unit , , , ; Unit , , S:SPS4:8:1.2 Collect real-time observations and data, synthesizing and building upon existing information (e.g., online databases, NOAA, EPA, USGS) to solve problems. TECH: Web Code: ced- 5054, cfd-2031, cfd-3023, cfd-4010, cfd- 5021; Lab Zone Easy Planner; Lab Activity Video/DVD Finding the Density of Minerals; Rock Shake; Sand Hills; Keeping Comfortable; Investigating Changes in Density; Cleaning Up an Oil Spill; How Clean is the Air; Heating Earth s Surface; Sunny Rays and Angles; Cool Climate Graphs; Design and Build a Water Rocket; Stormy Sunspots; How Far is That Star?; Student Edition Audio CD, Presentation EXPRESS CD ROM TECH: Student Edition Audio CD; Presentation 27

28 S:SPS4:8:1.3 Use appropriate tools to analyze and synthesize information (e.g., diagrams, flow charts, frequency tables, bar graphs, line graphs, stem-and-leaf plots) to draw conclusions and implications based on investigations of an issue or question. SE/TE: 30, 65, 75, 86-87, 113, 176, 353, 454, 455, 521, 532, 541, 546, 597, 369, , TR: Laboratory Manual 17-19, 20-21, 26-28, 47-49, , , ; All in One Teaching Resources Lab Worksheets Unit , , , ; Unit ; Unit ; Unit , , ; Chapter Project Teacher Notes Unit ; Unit ; Unit ; Overview Unit ; Unit ; Unit ; Worksheets Unit ; Unit ; Unit ; Scoring Rubric Unit 1-162; Unit 2-240; Unit COMMUNICATION SKILLS S:SPS4:8:2.1 Use a wide range of tools and a variety of oral, written, and graphic formats to share information and results from observations and investigations. TECH: Web Code: cfd- 1041; Lab Zone Easy Planner; Lab Activity Video/DVD Finding the Density of Minerals; Mystery Rocks; Finding the Epicenter; Investigating Changes in Density; Working Under Pressure; Heating Earth s Surface; Tracking a Hurricane; Discovery Channel School Video Preview Minerals; Energy Resources; Weather Factors; Student Edition Audio CD, Presentation SE/TE: 4-5, 32-33, 42-43, 52-53, 59, 82-83, , , 155, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , 751 TR: Laboratory Manual 10-12, 31-34, 35-38, 39-40, 41-46, 50-51, 92-93, , , , , , ; All in One Teaching Resources Guided Reading and Study Worksheet Unit

29 3. CRITICAL THINKING AND SYSTEMS THINKING S:SPS4:8:3.1 Execute steps of scientific inquiry to engage in the problem-solving and decision making processes. (Continued) TR: Lab Worksheets Unit , , , ; Unit ; Unit , ; Unit ; Unit , ; Chapter Project Teacher Notes Unit 1-38; Unit ; Unit ; Unit ; Chapter Project Overview Unit , 96-97, ; Unit ; Unit ; ; Unit ; Unit ; Chapter Project Worksheet Unit , 98-99, ; Unit ; Unit ; ; Unit ; Unit ; Chapter Project Scoring Rubric Unit 1-44, 100, 302; Unit 2-86; Unit 3-120; ; Unit 4-106; Unit TECH: Web Code: ceh- 5050, cfd-4013, cfh-1020, cfh-1040, cfh- 2010, cfh-2030, cfh-3020, cfh-4010, cfh- 4030, cfh-5030; Discovery Channel School Video Field Trip: The Work of Scientists; Mapping Earth s Surface; Plate Tectonics; Erosion and Deposition; Ocean Motions; Weather Factors; The Solar System; Student Edition Audio CD; Presentation EXPRESS CD ROM SE/TE: 4-5, 32-33, 42-43, 52-53, 59, 82-83, , , 155, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,

30 TR: Laboratory Manual 10-12, 31-34, 35-38, 39-40, 41-46, 50-51, 92-93, , , , , , ; All in One Teaching Resources Guided Reading and Study Worksheet Unit ; Lab Worksheets Unit , , , ; Unit ; Unit , ; Unit ; Unit , ; Chapter Project Teacher Notes Unit Unit ; Unit ; Unit ; Chapter Project Overview Unit , 96-97, ; Unit ; Unit ; ; Unit ; Unit ; Chapter Project Worksheet Unit , 98-99, ; Unit ; Unit ; ; Unit ; Unit ; Chapter Project Scoring Rubric Unit 1-44, 100, 302; Unit 2-86; Unit 3-120; ; Unit 4-106; Unit S:SPS4:8:3.2 Apply new and unusual applications of existing knowledge to new and different situations. TECH: Web Code: ceh- 5050, cfd-4013, cfh-1020, cfh-1040, cfh- 2010, cfh-2030, cfh-3020, cfh-4010, cfh- 4030, cfh-5030; Discovery Channel School Video Field Trip: The Work of Scientists; Mapping Earth s Surface; Plate Tectonics; Erosion and Deposition; Ocean Motions; Weather Factors; The Solar System; Student Edition Audio CD; Presentation EXPRESS CD ROM SE/TE: 42-43, 52-53, 82-83, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,

31 TR: Laboratory Manual 10-12, 31-34, 35-38, 39-40, 41-46, 50-51, 92-93, , , , , , ; All in One Teaching Resources Guided Reading and Study Worksheet Unit ; Lab Worksheets Unit , , , ; Unit ; Unit , ; Unit ; Unit , ; Chapter Project Teacher Notes Unit Unit ; Unit ; Unit ; Chapter Project Overview Unit , 96-97, ; Unit ; Unit ; Unit ; Unit ; Chapter Project Worksheet Unit , 98-99, ; Unit ; Unit ; Unit ; Unit ; Chapter Project Scoring Rubric Unit 1-44, 100, 302; Unit 2-86; Unit 3-120; Unit 4-106; Unit TECH: Web Code: ceh- 5050, cfd-4013, cfh-1020, cfh-1040, cfh- 2010, cfh-2030, cfh-3020, cfh-4010, cfh- 4030, cfh-5030; Discovery Channel School Video Field Trip: The Work of Scientists; mapping Earth s Surface; Plate Tectonics; Erosion and Deposition; Ocean Motions; Weather Factors; The Solar System; Student Edition Audio CD; Presentation EXPRESS CD ROM 31

32 S:SPS4:8:3.3 Make sketches, graphs, and diagrams to explain ideas and to demonstrate the interconnections between systems. Can be developed using the following: SE/TE: , , , 332, TR: Laboratory Manual 35-46; All in One Teaching Resources: Guided Reading and Study Worksheet Unit , , , , , ; Unit ; Section Summary Unit 1-304, 312, 319, 325, 336, 378; Unit 2-104; Review and Reinforcement Unit 1-309, 316, 322, 329, 340, 383; Unit 2-198; Enrich Unit 1-310, 317, 323, 330, 341, 384; Unit 2-199; Lab Worksheet Unit , ; Key Terms Review Unit 1-344; Performance Assessment Teacher Notes Unit 1-353; Worksheet Unit 1-355; Scoring Rubric Unit 1-354; Chapter Test Unit ; Chapter Project Teacher Notes Unit ; Overview Unit ; Worksheets Unit ; Scoring Rubric Unit PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION, FORMULATION, AND SOLUTION S:SPS4:8:4.1 Formulate a scientific question about phenomena, a problem, or an issue and using a broad range of tools and techniques; and plan and conduct an inquiry to address the question. Transparencies Unit 1- ES38- ES50, ES51- ES52; Unit 2- ES105-ES106; Web Code: cfd-1012, cfd-1014, cfp-1015; Web Code: scf-1010, scn-0745; scn-1011, scn- 1013, scn-1021; Lab Zone Easy Planner CD- Rom; Discovery Channel School Video Preview and Field Trip: Plate Tectonics; Student Edition Audio CD; Presentation SE/TE: 42-43, 52-53, 82-83, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,

33 S:SPS4:8:4.2 Use evidence collected from observations or other sources and use them to create models and explanations. TR: Laboratory Manual 10-12, 31-34, 35-38, 39-40, 41-46, 50-51, 92-93, , , , , , ; All in One Teaching Resources Guided Reading and Study Worksheet Unit ; Lab Worksheets Unit , , , ; Unit ; Unit , ; Unit ; Unit , ; Chapter Project Teacher Notes Unit Unit ; Unit ; Unit ; Chapter Project Overview Unit , 96-97, ; Unit ; Unit ; Unit ; Unit ; Chapter Project Worksheet Unit , 98-99, ; Unit ; Unit ; Unit ; Unit ; Chapter Project Scoring Rubric Unit 1-44, 100, 302; Unit 2-86; Unit 3-120; Unit 4-106; Unit TECH: Web Code: ceh- 5050, cfd-4013, cfh-1020, cfh-1040, cfh- 2010, cfh-2030, cfh-3020, cfh-4010, cfh- 4030, cfh-5030; Discovery Channel School Video Field Trip: The Work of Scientists; mapping Earth s Surface; Plate Tectonics; Erosion and Deposition; Ocean Motions; Weather Factors; The Solar System; Student Edition Audio CD; Presentation EXPRESS CD ROM SE/TE: , , 267, 439, 674, , 724 TR: Laboratory Manual 35-38; Chapter Project Teacher Notes Unit ; Unit ; Overview Unit ; Unit ; Worksheets Unit ; Unit ; Scoring Rubric Unit 1-302; Unit 5-100; Lab Worksheets Unit

34 5. CREATIVITY AND INTELLECTUAL CURIOSITY S:SPS4:8:5.1 Use a variety of media tools to make oral and written presentations, which include written notes and descriptions, drawings, photos, and charts to communicate the procedures and results of an investigation. TECH: Lab Zone Easy Planner CD-Rom; Lab Activity Video/DVD Modeling Sea-Floor Spreading; Discovery Channel School Video Preview Plate Tectonics, The Solar System; Student Edition on Audio CD; Presentation SE/TE: 42-43, 52-53, 82-83, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , 751 TR: Laboratory Manual 10-12, 31-34, 35-38, 39-40, 41-46, 50-51, 92-93, , , , , , ; All in One Teaching Resources Guided Reading and Study Worksheet Unit ; Lab Worksheets Unit , , , ; Unit ; Unit , ; Unit ; Unit , ; Chapter Project Teacher Notes Unit Unit ; Unit ; Unit ; Chapter Project Overview Unit , 96-97, ; Unit ; Unit ; Unit ; Unit ; Chapter Project Worksheet Unit , 98-99, ; Unit ; Unit ; Unit ; Unit ; Chapter Project Scoring Rubric Unit 1-44, 100, 302; Unit 2-86; Unit 3-120; Unit 4-106; Unit TECH: Web Code: ceh- 5050, cfd-4013, cfh-1020, cfh-1040, cfh- 2010, cfh-2030, cfh-3020, cfh-4010, cfh- 4030, cfh-5030; Discovery Channel School Video Field Trip: The Work of Scientists; mapping Earth s Surface; Plate Tectonics; Erosion and Deposition; Ocean Motions; Weather Factors; The Solar System; Student Edition Audio CD; Presentation EXPRESS CD ROM 34