Survey of Doctoral Programs in Communication: Updated Report for Graduates

Transcription

1 Survey of Doctoral Programs in Communication: Updated Report for Graduates Jisu Huh Lee B. Becker Tudor Vlad Nancy R. Mace Hugh J. Martin James M. Cox Jr. Center for International Mass Communication Training and Research Grady College of Journalism & Mass Communication University of Georgia Athens, GA Tel This report was made possible through a grant from the John S. and James L. Knight Foundation. August 1, 2003

2 Executive Summary In the academic year, the population of 94 communication doctoral programs in the United States graduated 399 domestic students and 95 students from outside the United States. Of the domestic graduates, 233 were women (58.4%) in , showing a 4.8% point increase from the previous year. The figure was 208 or 53.6% in The percent of racial/ethnic minorities did not show much change between 2001 and 2002 data. Of the domestic graduates, only 78 or 19.5% were racial or ethnic minorities in the academic year. The figure in was 77 of 388 or 19.8%. The number of black graduates increased from 27 or 6.9% of domestic graduates in to 36 or 9.0% in One-third of all black graduates completed their studies at a single university. -1-

3 Background The Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Enrollments has provided data over the years on enrollments and number of degrees granted by doctoral programs in that segment of the communication field linked to undergraduate journalism education. In 2002, for example, based on the survey, 1,345 students were enrolled in the 41 doctoral programs offered by journalism and mass communication programs. Those same programs granted an estimated 181 degrees in the academic year. In the academic year , a separate survey of doctoral programs in the field of communication was conducted under the auspices of the Annual Surveys of Journalism & Mass Communications to learn about enrollments in all doctoral programs in communication, including those not covered by the Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Enrollments. 1 The specific goal of the project, funded by a grant from the John S. and James L. Knight Foundation, was to determine the racial and ethnic characteristics and gender of the students enrolled in and completing their studies in communication doctoral programs. Graduates of communication doctoral programs make up a significant component of the labor pool or pipeline for journalism and mass communication faculties around the country. Faculties are likely to become more diverse only if the labor pool is diverse. The survey identified 92 doctoral programs that graduated an estimated 485 students in academic year Of those graduates, 390 were domestic, and only 53, or 13.6%, were classified as members of a racial or ethnic minority. Women made up 50.5% of all graduates and 51.8% of domestic graduates. This report is an extension of earlier work completed in Methodology for Defining the population of doctoral programs in the field, as the survey had demonstrated, is problematic. No comprehensive list exists. New programs are announced almost each year. Many of the programs are small. The authorization for some of them is shared by more than one unit on campus. For the survey, the population of schools was identified through two sources: (1) the Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Enrollments and (2) the National Communication 1 Lee B. Becker, Jisu Huh, Tudor Vlad and George L. Daniels, Survey of Doctoral Programs in Communication: Examining the Pipeline to Journalism & Mass Communication Faculties, is available on the web at -2-

4 Association s (NCA) Index of Doctoral Programs in Communication. 2 All programs in the Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Enrollments that reported offering a doctoral degree were included in the population. All programs on the NCA listing were also included. The total number of identified programs was 93. Of the 93 programs, eight were subsequently eliminated because the identified administrators indicated in their response to mailed surveys or telephone calls that the program was no longer active or did not offer a communication degree. Of the remaining 85 programs, returned questionnaires were obtained from 68, or 80.0%. 3 For the schools that did not respond, IPEDS (Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System) data on degrees granted and characteristics of degree recipients for the academic year were used to measure those two characteristics of students in the programs. No data replacement techniques were used for the other measures in the survey, such as measures of enrollments and of the jobs taken by graduates, since these data are not available from IPEDS. 4 In addition, seven doctoral programs were identified through the IPEDS data file. Data for these programs also were included in the final report, leading to a total of 92 identified programs. IPEDS is the core postsecondary education data collection program of the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES). It is a system of surveys designed to gather data from all primary providers of postsecondary education, including universities and colleges, as well as from institutions offering technical and vocational education beyond the high school level. IPEDS began in 1986, replacing the Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), which began in The IPEDS system is built around a series of interrelated surveys to collect institutional-level data in such areas as enrollments, program completions, faculty, staff and finances. Reporting of data for the IPEDS surveys is mandatory for all institutions that receive, are applicants for, or expect to be applicants for Federal financial assistance as defined in the Department of 2 This webpage has been replaced with a new graduate program search tool ( 3 Three program directors specifically refused to participate. These were the program directors for the Department of Communication Studies at Northwestern University, for the Annenberg School for Communication at the University of Pennsylvania, and for the Department of Speech Communication at Texas A&M University. The other 14 administrators simply ignored repeated pleas for assistance. Nonresponding programs were most often communication or speech communication programs, rather than mass communication programs. 4 See Jisu Huh, Lee B. Becker and Tudor Vlad, Using the Integrated Postsecondary Data System (IPEDS), Supplemental Report to the 2001 Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Enrollments and 2001 Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Graduates, available on the web at -3-

5 Education regulations implementing Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, or defined in any Education Department regulation implementing Title IX of the Education Amendments of The IPEDS survey findings, released annually through the NCES web site and reported in other publications such as the Digest of Education Statistics, include data from the Institutional Characteristics survey, Fall Enrollment survey, and Completions survey. The Institutional Characteristics survey data focus on such characteristics of the institutions as tuition, room and board charges, control or affiliation, calendar system, and level of degrees offered. The Enrollment data include full-time and part-time enrollments by level (undergraduate, first-professional, and graduate), and by race/ethnicity and gender of student and gross fields of study. The Completions data include the number of degree completions by level (associate's, bachelor's, master's, doctor's, and first-professional), by race/ethnicity and gender of recipient, and by 6-digit CIP (Classification of Instructional Program) code. The CIP code is an attempt to identify the area of specialization or study of the graduates. Since 2000 IPEDS data have been collected annually through the IPEDS web-based data collection system, which replaced mailed forms. In , data on doctoral programs in communication were taken exclusively from IPEDS. Because all universities in the United States receiving federal funds are required to file data as part of the IPEDS project, use of the IPEDS reports should be comprehensive across time. In any given year, however, a doctoral program may grant no degrees and thus not be included in the IPEDS count. 5 For this reason, the population of schools offering degrees in communication was defined as those (1) reporting data to IPEDS for academic years and/or , (2) those identified through the Survey of Doctoral Programs in Communication, (3) those reporting to offer doctoral programs in the Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Enrollments, and those listed on the updated NCA doctoral program list for the academic year Because only the Completions data are at the level of the field of study, only data on degrees granted, rather than enrollments, are included in this report. 5 Universities are supposed to enter a 0 in this case, but there is no way to guarantee that the cell in the electronic form was not simply left blank. 6 The URL for the NCA list is Programs Master List.pdf. -4-

6 Defining the Population In , communication was defined as a field using all the subfields of CIP general code of 09 Communications and 10 Communications Technologies. Also, the subfield of 23 English Language and Literature/Letters called Speech and Rhetorical Studies ( ) was used. 7 Ninetyfour unique IPEDS entries were made for communication doctoral degree programs using these codes in the academic year These files contained those who received their degrees in the July 1, 2001, to June 30, 2002 period (Table 1). As the table shows, the most common classification was Communications, General, accounting for 42 of the programs. Two were classified as Advertising, and six were classified as Journalism. Nine were coded as Mass Communications, two as Journalism and Mass Communication, Other, three as Radio and Television Broadcasting, seven as Communications, Other, and two as Radio and Television Broadcasting Technology. The second largest group of programs was for those classified as Speech and Rhetorical Studies, with 21 entries. The 94 programs do not represent 94 unique universities. For example, the University of Wisconsin Madison filed data for graduates under the Communications, General and Mass Communications programs. The University of Texas at Austin reported data using four different CIP codes. The 94 programs listed in the report match imperfectly with the listing of programs identified in the survey or in IPEDS filings for (Table 2). Nine programs identified from the Annual Surveys of Journalism or the NCA web site for the survey in were not included in the IPEDS filing: University of California Santa Barbara; University of Connecticut, University of Miami, Georgia State University, North Dakota State University, University of Nebraska, Rutgers University, SUNY Albany, and Texas A&M University. Three of them (University of California Santa Barbara, University of Nebraska Lincoln, and Texas A&M University) were included in IPEDS filings for Lack of data for some of these programs can be due to the absence of graduates for the academic year of Doctoral programs at Georgia State University, North Dakota State University, and the University of Miami are relatively new programs, and it is likely that they did not have any doctoral degrees conferred in SUNY-Albany has an interdisciplinary program for a 7 Among 6-digit CIP Codes, 14 codes were found to be relevant to Communication. Recently, however, NCES released a revised CIP Code 2000," which will be mandatory with the Winter 2004 data collection period. This new code system includes 34 communication-related categories. Changes in the CIP Code system can have an influence on the way the field is defined in the IPEDS dataset in the future. The changes are summarized in the Appendix. -5-

7 doctoral degree in Sociology/Communication. Communication graduates from this program could have been reported under the sociology CIP code. In , nine programs filed with IPEDS were not included on the Annual Survey or NCA lists. These were: University of Arizona, University of California Berkeley, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Michigan Technological University, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, University of Memphis, The University of Texas Arlington, Texas Woman s University, and Marquette University. All but one of these (University of Texas-Arlington) appeared in the fillings. Two of these nine universities were eliminated from the final list of doctoral programs in the 2002 report because their web sites suggested they did not exist (Texas-Arlington) or were misclassified (Michigan Technological University). Checks with the university web sites confirmed that the Michigan Technology University program is a misfiling; Arlington did not file data for In addition, the 2001 Doctoral Survey found that there were two separate doctoral programs at the University of Colorado at Boulder, but only one CIP code was filed for this university in IPEDS The same was true for the University of Iowa, and the University of Missouri Columbia. It is possible that no degrees were granted from one of the programs at these universities in , or that both programs were filed under the same code. The University of Wisconsin-Madison has three distinct programs, but two of them, one in the School of Journalism and Mass Communication and one in the Department of Life Sciences Communication, are officially (though not administratively) part of the same program. Wisconsin files data for the two of them under the same Mass Communication CIP code. In , IPEDS data were filed for Tulane University of Louisiana and the University of North Dakota for graduates, though there was no previous IPEDS filing for these programs, and they did not appear on the Annual Survey or NCA list. The Tulane filing appears to be an error. Other discrepancies in the filings include Northwestern University, where three doctoral program categories were used in the IPEDS filing for , Radio and Television Broadcasting, Communications, General, and Speech and Rhetorical Studies, compared to two for , Radio and Television Broadcasting and Speech and Rhetorical Studies. This discrepancy seems due to current changes in the School of Communication at Northwestern, which is developing a new doctoral degree in Media, Technology, and Society, combining the existing Radio/Television/Film (RTF) and Communication Studies. There is also a separate doctoral program in Rhetoric. Therefore, Northwestern was counted as offering doctoral degrees in three areas for the period, but this will not be the case in the future. Southern Illinois University-Carbondale reported three programs in 2002, Journalism, Mass Communications, and "Speech and Rhetorical Studies compared to two in 2001, Journalism and "Speech and Rhetorical Studies. Southern Illinois University -6-

8 only has two doctoral programs, one in Mass Communication and Media Arts and the other in Speech Communication. The University of Maryland-College Park also reported using three listings in 2002, Communications, General, Journalism, and Radio and Television Broadcasting, compared to two in 2001, Communications, General and Radio and Television Broadcasting. Maryland only has two doctoral programs: one in Communication, and the other in Journalism and Public Communication. New York University filed data under two CIP codes in 2002, Communications, General and Radio and Television Broadcasting Tech., compared to one in 2001, Communications, General. Contacts at New York University indicate it has two doctoral programs, one in Media Ecology and the other in Graphic Communications Management and Technology. Bowling Green State University reported under two CIP codes in 2002, Communications, General and Mass Communications compared to one in 2001, Communications, General. Bowling Green has one doctoral program in Communication Studies. Regent University reported using two CIP codes in 2002 IPEDS, Communications, General and Mass Communications compared to one in 2001, Communications, General. Regent has only one program in Communication. Temple University reported with one CIP code, Communications, General for the academic year while it reported using two codes, Communications, General and Speech and Rhetorical Studies a year earlier. Temple University offers only one doctoral degree in Mass Media and Communications. Table 3 summarizes the data on the 96 doctoral programs in communication identified during the past two years of efforts to create a population of doctoral programs in communication. The table lists IPEDS codes and sources of information on the programs. The programs are named based on unit name or doctoral program description, as it appears on the program s web site. The Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication identified the new doctoral program at Washington State University s College of Communication. This program is now listed on the NCA web site. NCA also lists the University of North Dakota program, which was included in the IPEDS report for The NCA web site also lists two doctoral programs at West Virginia, but these are actually doctor of education degrees, rather than doctor of philosophy degrees. These programs are shown in Table 3. Table 3 also shows Howard University reported using two CIP codes, Communications, General and Communication, Other for both the and academic years. Howard only has one doctoral program in Communication and Culture. The University of Minnesota reported to IPEDS in both and using three different CIP codes, Mass Communications, Communications, Other, and Speech and Rhetorical Studies. This -7-

9 is shown in Table 3. Minnesota only has two doctoral programs: one in Mass Communication and the other in Speech Communication, as the table shows. The University of Washington reported using two different CIP codes for both the and academic years, Communications, General and Speech and Rhetorical Studies. Both are listed in Table 3. Only one doctoral program in Communication remains at Washington. Table 4 represents the best estimate of the actual separate doctoral programs in communication in the United States as of the end of the academic year. In this table, corrections for the errors at Howard, Minnesota and Washington have been made. In addition, in this Table, two of the programs at Wisconsin have been combined (School of Journalism and Department of Life Sciences Communication) since they use the same authorization and are filed under the same IPEDS code. 8 The doctoral program at SUNY Albany has been eliminated, since it is most likely filed in IPEDS as a sociology program. 9 This leaves a total of 94 doctoral programs in the field of communication. Chart 1 shows the geographic distribution of these programs. Illinois and New York have the largest number of programs with seven doctoral programs in communication, Pennsylvania and Texas have six, and Ohio and California have five programs respectively. Twelve states do not have any doctoral programs in communication. Chart 2 shows the geographic distribution of universities offering doctoral programs in communication. States with the largest number are New York with six universities that have communication doctoral programs, and Pennsylvania and California with five each. Characteristics of Graduates Table 5 shows the numbers of degrees granted by these 94 programs in , broken down by CIP code, gender and race/ethnicity. Almost half of the doctoral degrees in communication were conferred in Communications, General (48%). About 24% of doctoral graduates were reported under Speech and Rhetorical Studies. Compared to other CIP categories, Speech 8 In fact, Wisconsin files undergraduate data for these two programs under the same CIP code as well, but it is Journalism rather than Mass Communications. 9 The assumption being made is that nonreports to IPEDS in the last two years reflect the lack of graduates from these programs. Two programs that should have graduates but have not reported them are at the University of Connecticut and at Rutgers. Both reported degrees granted in the 2002 doctoral survey. It seems likely that these universities are misfiling their graduates and, from the point of view of the federal government, are not offering doctoral programs in communication. The West Virginia programs are not included here since they are education degrees. -8-

10 and Rhetorical Studies and Mass Communications showed relatively higher rates of female graduates. The data are shown in detail for each of the 94 programs in Table 6. In this table, programs are combined if only one CIP code is used at that university, such as at the University of Colorado Boulder and the University of Iowa. Those programs with a ratio of more than four out of five of their graduates being female are: University of Arizona, University of California-Berkeley, University of Denver, Purdue, University of Kentucky, University of Michigan, the Mass Media Program at Michigan State University, New York University, Syracuse University, Bowling Green State University, Ohio State University, University of Memphis, Texas Woman s University, University of Utah, and both of the programs at the University of Wisconsin. Of the total of 36 African-American doctoral degree recipients in , Howard University alone produced 13. This figure contrasts with most of the other programs, which had only one or two percent of their doctoral degrees granted to black students. Those programs with relatively high rates of international graduates were SUNY-Buffalo (five of five graduates) and Southern Illinois-Carbondale Journalism program (four of five graduates). Table 7 summarizes these data on race/ethnicity and gender for the communication doctoral programs for academic years and The table shows estimates for based both on the survey of doctoral programs (supplemented with IPEDS estimates if necessary) and on IPEDS only reports. The IPEDS only data from are most comparable with the figures. In terms of gender, the data show an increase in the percentage of female graduates from 50.9% in to 57.7% in Among domestic graduates, women made up 53.6% of the domestic graduates in , while the figure was 58.4% in The percent of racial/ethnic minorities did not show much change between 2001 and 2002 data. In the academic year, of the 399 domestic graduates, only 78 (19.5%) were racial or ethnic minorities. In , of the 388 domestic graduates, only 77 (19.8%) were racial or ethnic minorities. The number of African-American graduates increased from 27 (6.9% of domestic graduates) to 36 (9.0%) from to

11 Concluding Comments A first step in understanding the characteristics of graduates of communication programs across the country is defining the population itself. This is a more difficult task than many would presume. This analysis of federal data reports on graduates of doctoral programs, combined with the work of a year earlier, takes a major step in that direction. The best estimate is that 94 such programs exist. These are spread geographically across the country. They also are diverse in terms of foci, at least as reflected in the federal filings. About half are classified as Communications, General, and another quarter are classified as Speech and Rhetorical Studies. The remainder include programs in Advertising, Journalism, and Radio and Television Broadcasting. In terms of racial and ethnic characteristics of the students, however, the programs are not overly diverse. While large numbers of students come from outside the United States, those who are domestic do not reflect the diversity of the United States. The population of the U.S. in the 2000 Census was nearly 31% minority. The population of the undergraduates in journalism and mass communication programs in the fall of 2002 was about 29% minority. In contrast, only 19.5% of the doctoral degree recipients were minorities. In terms of gender, the match is better. The U.S. population in 2000 was 51% female, and the population of undergraduates in journalism and mass communication programs around the country is 64% female. Of the domestic doctoral degree recipients, 58.4% were female. The movement also is in the right direction. Among graduates, 53.6% of the domestic students were women. Clearly the pipeline to faculties in journalism and mass communication is not as diverse as the U.S. population or as the student population in the field. This suggests that change in the characteristics of the faculties in journalism and mass communication is not likely to be great in the near future and that students in journalism and mass communication will be taught by faculty who are not like them. What diversity exists in terms of race and ethnicity is largely dependent on a single doctoral program. A third of the African-American doctoral degree recipients in received their degrees from Howard. The pipeline would be much more white if it were not for the considerable efforts of Howard and its faculty. Having a faculty as diverse as the population is important to the students in the journalism and mass communication classrooms in the country. It also is important to the scholarship in the field. The questions posed and the answers found through that scholarship are likely to be influenced by those who ask them. Changing the pipeline has to be a top priority of the field of journalism and mass communication. -10-

12 Table 1. Doctoral Programs Reporting Graduates to IPEDS in CIP code Name State UNITID Communications, General AZ ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY-MAIN CAMPUS AZ UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA CA STANFORD UNIVERSITY CA UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-SAN DIEGO CA UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-SANTA BARBARA CA UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA CO UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO AT BOULDER CO UNIVERSITY OF DENVER DC HOWARD UNIVERSITY FL FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY FL UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA IA UNIVERSITY OF IOWA IL NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY IL UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN IN INDIANA UNIVERSITY-BLOOMINGTON IN PURDUE UNIVERSITY-MAIN CAMPUS KY UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY MA UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS-AMHERST MD UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND-COLLEGE PARK MI MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY MI UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN-ANN ARBOR MI WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY MO UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI-COLUMBIA MS UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN MISSISSIPPI NC UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA AT CHAPEL HILL ND UNIVERSITY OF NORTH DAKOTA NE UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA-LINCOLN NY CORNELL UNIVERSITY NY NEW YORK UNIVERSITY NY RENSSELAER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE NY SUNY AT BUFFALO OH BOWLING GREEN STATE UNIVERSITY-MAIN CAMPUS OH OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY-MAIN CAMPUS OK UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA NORMAN CAMPUS PA PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY-MAIN CAMPUS PA TEMPLE UNIVERSITY PA UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA TN THE UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE UT UNIVERSITY OF UTAH VA REGENT UNIVERSITY WA UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON-SEATTLE CAMPUS WI UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON Total 42

13 Table 1. Doctoral Programs Reporting Graduates to IPEDS in CIP code Name State UNITID Advertising TX THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN WI MARQUETTE UNIVERSITY Total Journalism AL UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA IL SOUTHERN ILLINOIS UNIVERSITY-CARBONDALE MD UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND-COLLEGE PARK OH OHIO UNIVERSITY-MAIN CAMPUS SC UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA AT COLUMBIA TX THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN Total Mass Communications GA UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA IL SOUTHERN ILLINOIS UNIVERSITY-CARBONDALE IN INDIANA UNIVERSITY-BLOOMINGTON MN UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA-TWIN CITIES NC UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA AT CHAPEL HILL OH BOWLING GREEN STATE UNIVERSITY-MAIN CAMPUS TN UNIVERSITY OF MEMPHIS VA REGENT UNIVERSITY WI UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON Total Journalism and Mass Comm., Other LA LOUISIANA STATE UNIVERSITY OR UNIVERSITY OF OREGON Total Radio and Television Broadcasting IL NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY MD UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND-COLLEGE PARK TX THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN Total Communications, Other DC HOWARD UNIVERSITY HI UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII AT MANOA LA TULANE UNIVERSITY OF LOUISIANA MA MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY MI MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY MI MICHIGAN TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY MN UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA-TWIN CITIES Total Radio and Television Broadcasting Tech. NY NEW YORK UNIVERSITY NY SYRACUSE UNIVERSITY Total 2

14 Table 1. Doctoral Programs Reporting Graduates to IPEDS in CIP code Name State UNITID Speech and Rhetorical Studies CA UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-BERKELEY FL UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH FLORIDA GA UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA IL NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY IL SOUTHERN ILLINOIS UNIVERSITY-CARBONDALE IL UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN IN INDIANA UNIVERSITY-BLOOMINGTON KS UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS MAIN CAMPUS LA LOUISIANA STATE UNIVERSITY MN UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA-TWIN CITIES NM UNIVERSITY OF NEW MEXICO-MAIN CAMPUS NY TEACHERS COLLEGE AT COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY OH KENT STATE UNIVERSITY-MAIN CAMPUS OH OHIO UNIVERSITY-MAIN CAMPUS PA DUQUESNE UNIVERSITY PA PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY-MAIN CAMPUS PA UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH-MAIN CAMPUS TX TEXAS A & M UNIVERSITY TX TEXAS WOMANS UNIVERSITY TX UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN WA UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON-SEATTLE CAMPUS Total 21 Grand Total 94

15 Table 2. Population Discrepancies State University Academic Year Academic Year Doctoral Survey IPEDS 2001 IPEDS 2002 AL UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA College of Communication and Information Sciences Journalism Journalism AZ ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY Hugh Downs School of Human Communication Communications, General Communications, General AZ UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA Communications, General Communications, General CA STANFORD UNIVERSITY Department of Communication Communications, General Communications, General CA UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA - BERKELEY Speech and Rhetorical Studies Speech and Rhetorical Studies CA UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA - SAN DIEGO Department of Communication Communications, General Communications, General CA UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA - SANTA BARBARA Department of Communication Communications, General CA UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA Annenberg School for Communication Communications, General Communications, General CO UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO - BOULDER School of Journalism and Mass Communication Communications, General Communications, General Department of Communication CO UNIVERSITY OF DENVER Department of Human Communication Studies Communications, General Communications, General CT UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT Department of Communicaiton Sciences DC HOWARD UNIVERSITY Department of Communication and Culture Communications, General Communications, General Communications, Other Communications, Other FL FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY Department of Communication Communications, General Communications, General FL UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA College of Journalism and Mass Communications Communications, General Communications, General FL UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH FLORIDA Department of Communication Speech and Rhetorical Studies Speech and Rhetorical Studies FL UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI School of Communication GA UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA College of Journalism and Mass Communications Mass Communications Mass Communications Department of Speech Communication Speech and Rhetorical Studies Speech and Rhetorical Studies GA GEORGIA STATE UNIVERSITY Department of Communication HI UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII - MANOA College of Business Administration Communications, Other Communications, Other IL NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY Department of Radio, Television and Film Radio and Television Broadcasting Radio and Television Broadcasting Department of Communication Studies Speech and Rhetorical Studies Speech and Rhetorical Studies Communications, General IL SOUTHERN ILLINOIS UNIVERSITY-CARBONDALE College of Mass Communication and Media Arts Journalism Journalism Department of Speech Communication Speech and Rhetorical Studies Speech and Rhetorical Studies Mass Communications IL UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS - URBANA-CHAMPAIGN Institute of Communications Research Communications, General Communications, General Department of Speech Communication Speech and Rhetorical Studies Speech and Rhetorical Studies IN INDIANA UNIVERSITY-BLOOMINGTON Department of Telecommunication Communications, General Communications, General School of Journalism Mass Communications Mass Communications Department of Communication and Culture Speech and Rhetorical Studies Speech and Rhetorical Studies IN PURDUE UNIVERSITY Department of Communication Communications, General Communications, General IA UNIVERSITY OF IOWA School of Journalism and Mass Communication Communications, General Communications, General Department of Communication Studies KS UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS Communication Studies Department Speech and Rhetorical Studies Speech and Rhetorical Studies KY UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY Communication and Information Studies Communications, General Communications, General LA LOUISIANA STATE UNIVERSITY Manship School of Mass Communication Journalism and Mass Comm., Other Journalism and Mass Comm., Other Department of Speech Communications Speech and Rhetorical Studies Speech and Rhetorical Studies LA TULANE UNIVERSITY OF LOUISIANA Communications, Other MA MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Communications, Other Communications, Other MA UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS-AMHERST Department of Communication Communications, General Communications, General MD UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND-COLLEGE PARK College of Journalism Communications, General Communications, General Department of Communication Radio and Television Broadcasting Radio and Television Broadcasting Journalism MI UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN-ANN ARBOR Department of Communication Studies Communications, General Communications, General MI MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY Mass Media Program Communications, General Communications, General Department of Communication Communications, Other Communications, Other MI MICHIGAN TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY Communications, Other Communications, Other MI WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY Department of Communication Communications, General Communications, General MN UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA-TWIN CITIES School of Journalism and Mass Communication Mass Communications Mass Communications Communications, Other Communications, Other Department of Speech Communication Speech and Rhetorical Studies Speech and Rhetorical Studies

16 Table 2. Population Discrepancies State University Academic Year Academic Year Doctoral Survey unit IPEDS unit IPEDS unit MS UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN MISSISSIPPI School of Communication Communications, General Communications, General MO UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI-COLUMBIA School of Journalism Communications, General Communications, General Department of Communication Arts and Sciences ND NORTH DAKOTA STATE UNIVERSITY Department of Communication ND UNIVERSITY OF NORTH DAKOTA Communications, General NE UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA - LINCOLN Department of Communication Communications, General NJ RUTGERS STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW JERSEY School of Communication, Information and Library Studies NM UNIVERSITY OF NEW MEXICO Department of Communication and Journalism Speech and Rhetorical Studies Speech and Rhetorical Studies NY COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY School of Journalism Speech and Rhetorical Studies Speech and Rhetorical Studies NY CORNELL UNIVERSITY Department of Communication Communications, General Communications, General NY NEW YORK UNIVERSITY Department of Culture and Communication Communications, General Communications, General Radio and Television Broadcasting Tech. NY RENSSELAER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE Communications, General Communications, General NY SUNY - ALBANY Department of Communication NY SUNY - BUFFALO Department of Communication Communications, General Communications, General NY SYRACUSE UNIVERSITY S. I. Newhouse School of Public Communications Radio and Television Broadcasting Tech Radio and Television Broadcasting Tech. NC UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA - CHAPEL HILLDepartment of Communication Studies Communications, General Communications, General School of Journalism and Mass Communication Mass Communications Mass Communications OH BOWLING GREEN STATE UNIVERSITY Department of Communication Studies Communications, General Communications, General Mass Communications OH KENT STATE UNIVERSITY School of Communication Studies Speech and Rhetorical Studies Speech and Rhetorical Studies OH OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY School of Journalism and Mass Communication Communications, General Communications, General OH OHIO UNIVERSITY E. W. Scripps School of Journalism Journalism Journalism School of Interpersonal Communication Speech and Rhetorical Studies Speech and Rhetorical Studies OK UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA - NORMAN CAMPUS Department of Communication Communications, General Communications, General OR UNIVERSITY OF OREGON School of Journalism and Communication Journalism and Mass Comm., Other Journalism and Mass Comm., Other PA DUQUESNE UNIVERSITY Department of Communication and Rhetorical Studies Speech and Rhetorical Studies Speech and Rhetorical Studies PA PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY College of Communications Communications, General Communications, General Department of Speech Communication Speech and Rhetorical Studies Speech and Rhetorical Studies PA UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA Anneberg School for Communication Communications, General Communications, General PA UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH Department of Communication Speech and Rhetorical Studies Speech and Rhetorical Studies PA TEMPLE UNIVERSITY School of Communications and Theater Communications, General Communications, General Speech and Rhetorical Studies SC UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA - COLUMBIA College of Journalism and Mass Communication Journalism Journalism TN UNIVERSITY OF MEMPHIS Mass Communications Mass Communications TN THE UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE College of Communications Communications, General Communications, General TX TEXAS A & M UNIVERSITY Department of Speech Communication Speech and Rhetorical Studies TX THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS - ARLINGTON Speech and Rhetorical Studies TX THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS - AUSTIN Department of Advertising Advertising Advertising Department of Journalism Journalism Journalism Department of Radio, TV and Film Radio and Television Broadcasting Radio and Television Broadcasting Department of Communication Studies Speech and Rhetorical Studies Speech and Rhetorical Studies TX TEXAS WOMANS UNIVERSITY Speech and Rhetorical Studies Speech and Rhetorical Studies UT UNIVERSITY OF UTAH Department of Communication Communications, General Communications, General VA REGENT UNIVERSITY College of Communication and the Arts Communications, General Communications, General Mass Communications WA UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON - SEATTLE School of Communications Communications, General Communications, General Speech and Rhetorical Studies Speech and Rhetorical Studies WI MARQUETTE UNIVERSITY Advertising Advertising WI UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN - MADISON Department of Communication Arts Communications, General Communications, General School of Journalism and Mass Communication Mass Communications Mass Communications Department of Life Sciences Communication

17 Table 3. Doctoral Programs Reported in Various Sources State State University Program 2001 IPEDS (CIP Code) 2002 Doctoral Survey 2002 IPEDS 2002 Enrollment Survey AL AL UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA Mass Communication X X X AZ AZ ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY Communication X X AZ AZ UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA Communication X CA CA STANFORD UNIVERSITY Communication X X X CA CA UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA - BERKELEY Rhetoric X CA CA UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA - SAN DIEGO Communication X X CA CA UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA - SANTA BARBARA Communication X X CA CA UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA Communication X X CO CO UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO - BOULDER Journalism and Mass Communication X X X Communication X X CO CO UNIVERSITY OF DENVER Human Communication Studies X X X CT CT UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT Communicaiton X X , , DC HOWARD UNIVERSITY Communication and Culture X DC X X FL FL FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY Communication X X FL FL UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA Journalism and Mass Communications X X X FL FL UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH FLORIDA Communication X X FL FL UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI Communication X X X GA GA UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA Journalism and Mass Communication X X X Speech Communication X X GA GA GEORGIA STATE UNIVERSITY Communication Studies X X X HI HI UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII - MANOA Communication Sciences X X IL IL NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY Radio, Television and Film X X Communication Studies X X Media, Technology, and Society X , IL SOUTHERN ILLINOIS UNIVERSITY-CARBONDALE Mass Communication and Media Arts X IL X X Speech Communication X X IL IL UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS - URBANA-CHAMPAIGN Communications X X X Speech Communication X X IN IN INDIANA UNIVERSITY-BLOOMINGTON Telecommunication X X Journalism X X X Communication and Culture X X IN IN PURDUE UNIVERSITY Communication X X X IA IA UNIVERSITY OF IOWA Journalism and Mass Communication X X X Communication Studies X X KS KS UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS Communication Studies X X KY KY UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY Communication and Information Studies X X LA LA LOUISIANA STATE UNIVERSITY Mass Communication X X X Speech Communications X MA MA MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Media Arts and Sciences NCA

18 Table 3. Doctoral Programs Reported in Various Sources State State University Program 2001 IPEDS (CIP Code) 2002 Doctoral Survey 2002 IPEDS 2002 Enrollment Survey MA MA UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS-AMHERST Communication X X MD MD UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND-COLLEGE PARK Journalism X , X X , Communication X X MI MI UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN-ANN ARBOR Communication Studies X X X MI MI MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY Mass Media X X X Communication X MI MI WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY Communication X X X , , MN UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA-TWIN CITIES Journalism and Mass Communication X MN X X Speech Communication X X MS MS UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN MISSISSIPPI Communication X X X MO MO UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI-COLUMBIA Journalism X X X Communication Arts and Sciences X X ND ND NORTH DAKOTA STATE UNIVERSITY Communication X X X ND ND UNIVERSITY OF NORTH DAKOTA Communication X X NE NE UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA - LINCOLN Communication X X NJ NJ RUTGERS STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW JERSEY Communication, Information and Library S X X NM NM UNIVERSITY OF NEW MEXICO Communication and Journalism X X NY NY COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY Communications X X X NY NY CORNELL UNIVERSITY Communication X X X NY NY NEW YORK UNIVERSITY Media Ecology X Graphic Communications Management NY NY RENSSELAER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE Communication and Rhetoric X NY NY SUNY - ALBANY Communication X X NY NY SUNY - BUFFALO Communication X X NY NY SYRACUSE UNIVERSITY Mass Communications X X X NC NC UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA - CHAPEL HILL Communication Studies X X Journalism and Mass Communication X X X , OH BOWLING GREEN STATE UNIVERSITY Communication Studies X OH X OH OH KENT STATE UNIVERSITY Communication Studies X X OH OH OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY Journalism and Mass Communication X X X OH OH OHIO UNIVERSITY Journalism X X X Interpersonal Communication X X OK OK UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA - NORMAN CAMPUS Communication X X OR OR UNIVERSITY OF OREGON Journalism and Communication X X X PA PA DUQUESNE UNIVERSITY Communication and Rhetorical Studies X X X PA PA PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY Communications X X X Speech Communication X X PA PA UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA Communication X X 2003 NCA

19 Table 3. Doctoral Programs Reported in Various Sources State State University Program 2001 IPEDS (CIP Code) 2002 Doctoral Survey 2002 IPEDS 2002 Enrollment Survey PA PA UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH Communication X X PA PA TEMPLE UNIVERSITY * Communication Sciences X X SC SC UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA - COLUMBIA Journalism and Mass Communication X X X TN TN UNIVERSITY OF MEMPHIS Communication X TN TN THE UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE Communications X X X TX TX TEXAS A & M UNIVERSITY Speech Communication X X TX TX THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS - AUSTIN Advertising X X Journalism X X X Radio, TV and Film X X Communication Studies X X TX TX TEXAS WOMANS UNIVERSITY English, Speech, & Foreign Languages UT UT UNIVERSITY OF UTAH Communication X X X , VA REGENT UNIVERSITY Communication X VA X , , WA UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON - SEATTLE Communications X WA X X WA WA WASHINGTON STATE UNIVERSITY Communication X X WI WI MARQUETTE UNIVERSITY Communication WI WI UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN - MADISON Communication Arts X , , Journalism and Mass Communication X X X Life Sciences Communication X X X 2003 NCA

20 Table 4. Final List of Doctoral Programs in Communication (94 programs) State University Program AL UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA College of Communication and Information Sciences AZ ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY Hugh Downs School of Human Communication AZ UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA Department of Communication CA STANFORD UNIVERSITY Department of Communication CA UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA - BERKELEY Department of Rhetoric CA UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA - SAN DIEGO Department of Communication CA UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA - SANTA BARBARA Department of Communication CA UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA Annenberg School for Communication CO UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO - BOULDER School of Journalism and Mass Communication Department of Communication CO UNIVERSITY OF DENVER Department of Human Communication Studies CT UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT Department of Communicaiton Sciences DC HOWARD UNIVERSITY Department of Communication and Culture FL FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY Department of Communication FL UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA College of Journalism and Mass Communications FL UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH FLORIDA Department of Communication FL UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI School of Communication GA UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA College of Journalism and Mass Communication Department of Speech Communication GA GEORGIA STATE UNIVERSITY Department of Communication HI UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII - MANOA College of Business Administration IL NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY Department of Radio, Television and Film Department of Communication Studies Media, Technology, and Society (School of Communication) IL SOUTHERN ILLINOIS UNIVERSITY-CARBONDALE College of Mass Communication and Media Arts Department of Speech Communication IL UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS - URBANA-CHAMPAIGN Institute of Communications Research Department of Speech Communication IN INDIANA UNIVERSITY-BLOOMINGTON Department of Telecommunication School of Journalism Department of Communication and Culture IN PURDUE UNIVERSITY Department of Communication IA UNIVERSITY OF IOWA School of Journalism and Mass Communication Department of Communication Studies KS UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS Communication Studies Department KY UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY Communication and Information Studies

21 Table 4. Final List of Doctoral Programs in Communication (94 programs) State University Program LA LOUISIANA STATE UNIVERSITY Manship School of Mass Communication Department of Speech Communications MA MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Media Arts and Sciences MA UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS-AMHERST Department of Communication MD UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND-COLLEGE PARK College of Journalism Department of Communication MI UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN-ANN ARBOR Department of Communication Studies MI MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY Mass Media Program (College of Communication) Department of Communication (College of Comm. Arts and Sciences) MI WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY Department of Communication MN UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA-TWIN CITIES School of Journalism and Mass Communication Department of Speech Communication MS UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN MISSISSIPPI School of Communication MO UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI-COLUMBIA School of Journalism Department of Communication Arts and Sciences ND NORTH DAKOTA STATE UNIVERSITY Department of Communication ND UNIVERSITY OF NORTH DAKOTA School of Communication NE UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA - LINCOLN Department of Communication NJ RUTGERS STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW JERSEY School of Communication, Information and Library Studies NM UNIVERSITY OF NEW MEXICO Department of Communication and Journalism NY COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY School of Journalism NY CORNELL UNIVERSITY Department of Communication NY NEW YORK UNIVERSITY Department of Culture and Communication - Media Ecology Department of Culture and Communication - Graphic Communications NY RENSSELAER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE Deaprtment of Language, Literature, and Communication NY SUNY - BUFFALO Department of Communication (School of Information Studies) NY SYRACUSE UNIVERSITY S. I. Newhouse School of Public Communications NC UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA - CHAPEL HILL Department of Communication Studies School of Journalism and Mass Communication OH BOWLING GREEN STATE UNIVERSITY Department of Communication Studies OH KENT STATE UNIVERSITY School of Communication Studies OH OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY School of Journalism and Mass Communication OH OHIO UNIVERSITY E. W. Scripps School of Journalism School of Interpersonal Communication OK UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA - NORMAN CAMPUS Department of Communication OR UNIVERSITY OF OREGON School of Journalism and Communication

22 Table 4. Final List of Doctoral Programs in Communication (94 programs) State University Program PA DUQUESNE UNIVERSITY Department of Communication and Rhetorical Studies PA PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY College of Communications Department of Speech Communication PA UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA Anneberg School for Communication PA UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH Department of Communication PA TEMPLE UNIVERSITY School of Communications and Theater SC UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA - COLUMBIA College of Journalism and Mass Communication TN UNIVERSITY OF MEMPHIS Deaprtment of Communication TN THE UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE College of Communications TX TEXAS A & M UNIVERSITY Department of Speech Communication TX THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS - AUSTIN Department of Advertising Department of Journalism Department of Radio, TV and Film Department of Communication Studies TX TEXAS WOMANS UNIVERSITY Department of English, Speech, & Foreign Languages UT UNIVERSITY OF UTAH Department of Communication VA REGENT UNIVERSITY College of Communication and the Arts WA UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON - SEATTLE School of Communications WA WASHINGTON STATE UNIVERSITY School of Communication WI MARQUETTE UNIVERSITY Collge of Communication (Interdsciplinary program) WI UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN - MADISON Department of Communication Arts School of Journalism and Mass Comm. / Life Sciences Comm.

23 Table 5. Number of Doctoral Graduates by CIP Code (IPEDS 2002) CIP Code Grand total Total men Total women Nonresident alien Black non- Hispanic American Indian or Alaskan Native Asian or Pacific Islander Hispanic White Unknown "Communications, General" "Advertising" "Journalism" "Mass Communications" "Journalism and Mass Comm., Other" "Radio and Television Broadcasting" "Communications, Other" "Radio and Television Broadcasting Tech." "Speech and Rhetorical Studies"

24 Table 6. Number of Doctoral Graduates by Gender and Race/Ethnicity (IPEDS 2002) State University Program CIP code Grand total Total men Total women Nonreside nt alien Black non- Hispanic American Indian or Alaskan Native Asian or Pacific Islander Hispanic White Unknown AL UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA Mass Communication " " AZ ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY Communication " " AZ UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA Communication " " CA STANFORD UNIVERSITY Communication " " CA UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA - Rhetoric " " CA UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA - Communication " " CA UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA - Communication " " CA UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CACommunication " " CO UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO - BJournalism and Mass Comm " " Communication CO UNIVERSITY OF DENVER Human Communication Stud" " CT UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUTCommunicaiton DC HOWARD UNIVERSITY " " Communication and Culture " " FL FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY Communication " " FL UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA Journalism and Mass Comm" " FL UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH FLORIDCommunication " " FL UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI Communication GA UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA Journalism and Mass Comm" " Speech Communication " " GA GEORGIA STATE UNIVERSITY Communication Studies HI UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII - MANOCommunication Sciences " " IL NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY " " Radio, Television and Film / " " Communication Studies " " IL SOUTHERN ILLINOIS UNIVERSI " " Mass Communication and M " " Speech Communication " " IL UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URCommunications " " Speech Communication " " IN INDIANA UNIVERSITY-BLOOMINTelecommunication " " Journalism " " Communication and Culture " " IN PURDUE UNIVERSITY Communication " " IA UNIVERSITY OF IOWA Journalism and Mass Comm " " Communication Studies KS UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS Communication Studies " " KY UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY Communication and Informa" " LA LOUISIANA STATE UNIVERSITYMass Communication " " Speech Communications " " MA MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OMedia Arts and Sciences " " MA UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSE Communication " "

25 Table 6. Number of Doctoral Graduates by Gender and Race/Ethnicity (IPEDS 2002) State University Program CIP code Grand total Total men Total women Nonreside nt alien Black non- Hispanic American Indian or Alaskan Native Asian or Pacific Islander Hispanic White Unknown MD UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND-COJournalism " " Communication " " " " MI UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN-ANNCommunication Studies " " MI MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY Mass Media " " Communication " " MI WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY Communication " " " " Journalism and Mass Comm MN UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA-T " " Speech Communication " " MS UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN MICommunication " " MO UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI-COLJournalism " " Communication Arts and Sc ND NORTH DAKOTA STATE UNIVE Communication ND UNIVERSITY OF NORTH DAKOTCommunication " " NE UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA - L Communication " " NJ RUTGERS STATE UNIVERSITY Communication, Information NM UNIVERSITY OF NEW MEXICO Communication and Journal" " NY COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY Communications " " NY CORNELL UNIVERSITY Communication " " NY NEW YORK UNIVERSITY Media Ecology " " Graphic Communications M " " NY RENSSELAER POLYTECHNIC INCommunication and Rhetori " " NY SUNY - BUFFALO Communication " " NY SYRACUSE UNIVERSITY Mass Communications " " NC UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLCommunication Studies " " Journalism and Mass Comm" " OH BOWLING GREEN STATE UNIV Communication Studies " " " " OH KENT STATE UNIVERSITY Communication Studies " " OH OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY Journalism and Mass Comm" " OH OHIO UNIVERSITY Journalism " " Interpersonal Communicatio " " OK UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA Communication " " OR UNIVERSITY OF OREGON Journalism and Communica " " PA DUQUESNE UNIVERSITY Communication and Rhetori " " PA PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERCommunications " " Speech Communication " " PA UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANICommunication " " PA UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH Communication " " PA TEMPLE UNIVERSITY Communication Sciences " " SC UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLJournalism and Mass Comm" " TN UNIVERSITY OF MEMPHIS Communication " " TN THE UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSCommunications " "

26 Table 6. Number of Doctoral Graduates by Gender and Race/Ethnicity (IPEDS 2002) State University Program CIP code Grand total Total men Total women Nonreside nt alien Black non- Hispanic American Indian or Alaskan Native Asian or Pacific Islander Hispanic White Unknown TX THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS - AAdvertising " " Journalism " " Radio, TV and Film " " Communication Studies " " TX TEXAS WOMANS UNIVERSITY English, Speech, & Foreign " " UT UNIVERSITY OF UTAH Communication " " VA REGENT UNIVERSITY Communication " " " " WA UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON Communications " " " " WA WASHINGTON STATE UNIVERSCommunication WI MARQUETTE UNIVERSITY Communication " " WI UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN - MCommunication Arts " " Journalism and Mass Comm " " Life Sciences Communicatio

27 Table 7. Degrees Granted by Gender and Race/Ethnicity 2001 Survey+IPEDS 2001 IPEDS only 2002 IPEDS Count Percent Count Percent Count Percent Gender Male Female Total Race/Ethnicity Black Hispanic American Indian Asian Pacific Islander White Unknown Nonresident Alien Total Domestic Students Only Male Female Total

28 Chart 1. Number of Doctoral Programs by State WA-2 OR-1 ND-2 MN-2 CA-5 UT-1 AZ-2 CO-3 NM-1 NE-1 KS-1 OK-1 WI-3 IA-2 IL-7 MO-2 MI-4 IN-4 OH-5 KY-1 TN-2 SC-1 NY-7 PA-6 VA-1 NC-2 MA-2 CT-1 NJ-1 MD-2 DC-1 MS-1 AL-1 GA-3 HI-1 TX-6 LA-2 FL-4 Chart 2. Number of Institutions with Doctoral Programs by State WA-2 OR-1 ND-2 MN-1 CA-5 UT-1 AZ-2 CO-2 NM-1 NE-1 KS-1 OK-1 WI-2 IA-1 IL-3 MO-1 MI-3 IN-2 OH-4 KY-1 TN-2 SC-1 NY-6 PA-5 VA-1 NC-1 MA-2 CT-1 NJ-1 MD-1 DC-1 MS-1 AL-1 GA-2 HI-1 TX-3 LA-1 FL-4