Diversity in Osteopathic Medical School Applicants, Matriculants, and Enrollment

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1 Diversity in Osteopathic Medical School,, and Enrollment Prepared by the Research Department American Association of Colleges of Osteopathic Medicine 2017

2 The tables and graphs below display trends in osteopathic medical school applicants, matriculants, and enrollment with regard to gender and race/ethnicity. Applicant and matriculant data were compiled from the information entered by applicants into the American Association of Colleges of Osteopathic Medicine Application Service (AACOMAS) application along with information from the colleges of osteopathic medicine (COMs). Enrollment data were provided by the COMs in the Annual Osteopathic Medical School Questionnaire. Noteworthy findings on diversity in osteopathic medical school applicants, matriculants, first year enrollment, and total enrollment are below. Race and Ethnicity: The number and proportion of underrepresented minority* (URM) applicants and first year enrollees to COMs is increasing. Even though more URMs are applying to COMs, URM total enrollment remains relatively stagnant. In addition, the proportion of URM applicants to matriculants continues to remain lower than their non-underrepresented minority counterparts. Some key findings on race/ethnicity trends from to include: The percentage of URMs applying to an osteopathic medical school has increased by 3.9 percent (Table 1). The percentage of URMs matriculating to an osteopathic medical school has increased by 1.5 percent (Table 1). The proportion of URM applicants that matriculated to an osteopathic medical school decreased by 3.4 percent (Figure 7). ǂ The percentage of URMs enrolled in their first year of osteopathic medical school has increased by 2.0 percent (Table 3). The percentage of URMs enrolled in an osteopathic medical school has increased by 0.8 percent (Table 3). Gender: The percentage of females matriculating and enrolled in osteopathic medical schools has decreased since In addition, the proportion of female applicants to matriculants continues to remain lower than their male counterparts. Some important findings on gender trends from to include: The percentage of females applying to an osteopathic medical school has increased by 0.1 percent (Table 2). The percentage of females matriculating to an osteopathic medical school has decreased by 1.1 percent (Table 2). The percentage of females enrolled in their first year of osteopathic medical school has decreased by 1.0 percent (Table 4). The percentage of females enrolled in an osteopathic medical school has decreased by 3.0 percent (Table 4). Race/Ethnicity by Gender: and matriculants by race/ethnicity and gender reveal some interesting trends. A complete breakout of all race/ethnicity categories by gender may be found in Figures 5 and 5a. Some key findings on race/ethnicity by gender from to are as follows: The percentage of female URMs applying to an osteopathic medical school increased by 2.0 (Figure 2). The percentage of male URMs applying to an osteopathic medical school increased by 1.9 (Figure 2). The percentage of female URMs matriculating to an osteopathic medical school has increased by 0.9 percent (Figure 4). The percentage of male URMs matriculating to an osteopathic medical school has increased by 0.7 percent (Figure 4). The proportion of female URMs who applied and matriculated to an osteopathic medical school decreased by 4.1 percent (Figure 7). ǂ The proportion of male URMs who applied and matriculated to an osteopathic medical school decreased by 7.4 percent (Figure 7). ǂ *Underrepresented minorities (URM) include Hispanic/Latino ethnicity, Black/African American, Native American/Alaska Native, and Hawaiian/Pacific Islander. Non-underrepresented minorities include Asian Americans, Foreign, Whites, Undisclosed, and those reporting Multiple Races (except when Hispanic is selected). ǂ: The COMs do not report offers made to AACOMAS applicants. As a result, we can only report the number of matriculants. Note: The University of North Texas Health Sciences Center at Fort Worth/Texas College of Osteopathic Medicine and NYIT-COM's émigré program applicants and matriculants are not included in this analysis because the data are not part of the AACOMAS database. UNTHSC/TCOM receives its applications through the Texas Medical and Dental School Application Service. Note: Tables with data on gender by race/ethnicity do not include those reporting an undisclosed gender. Note: Undisclosed responses are included in the percent underrepresented minority denominator for tables on enrollment. For tables with applicant/matriculant data, undisclosed responses are not included. Future reporting of applicants/matriculants will include undisclosed in the denominator in order to standardize this measure. 1 - Intro

3 Table 1: AACOMAS and Race/Ethnicity % who Matriculated Non-URM URM Non-URM URM Non-URM URM Year # % # % # % # % % % , % 3, % 6, % % 35.2% 18.6% , % 2, % 6, % % 34.5% 21.3% , % 2, % 5, % % 37.9% 23.3% , % 1, % 5, % % 39.2% 23.1% , % 1, % 5, % % 38.5% 21.2% , % 1, % 4, % % 39.8% 24.0% , % 1, % 4, % % 40.1% 23.3% , % 1, % 4, % % 40.2% 24.0% Table 2: AACOMAS and Gender % who Matriculated Male Female Male Female Male Female Year # % # % # % # % % % , % 10, % 3, % 3, % 34.4% 30.9% , % 9, % 3, % 2, % 34.1% 31.2% , % 8, % 3, % 2, % 38.0% 33.8% , % 7, % 3, % 2, % 38.6% 35.7% , % 6, % 3, % 2, % 38.1% 34.9% , % 6, % 2, % 2, % 39.7% 35.6% , % 6, % 2, % 2, % 39.6% 36.8% , % 6, % 2, % 2, % 39.7% 37.5% 2 - Tables

4 Table 3: First Year and Total Enrollment Race/Ethnicity First-Year Enrollment Total Enrollment Non-URM URM Non-URM URM Year # % # % # % # % , % % 25, % 2, % , % % 23, % 2, % , % % 22, % 1, % , % % 21, % 1, % , % % 20, % 1, % , % % 19, % 1, % , % % 17, % 1, % , % % 16, % 1, % Table 4: First Year and Total Enrollment Gender First-Year Enrollment Total Enrollment Male Female Male Female Year # % # % # % # % , % 3, % 15, % 12, % , % 3, % 14, % 11, % , % 3, % 13, % 10, % , % 2, % 12, % 10, % , % 2, % 11, % 9, % , % 2, % 11, % 9, % , % 2, % 10, % 9, % , % 2, % 9, % 8, % 3 - Tables

5 Table 5: AACOMAS and Race and Ethnicity by Gender Note: Tables with data on gender by race/ethnicity do not include those reporting an undisclosed gender. % who Matriculated Academic Year Race/Ethnicity Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Asian American 2,264 2,292 4, , % 31.8% 33.7% Black/African American , % 14.1% 13.8% Foreign % 23.8% 23.2% Hawaiian/Pacific Islander % 15.4% 15.0% Hispanic/Latino , % 21.3% 22.4% Multiple Races % 28.1% 30.7% Native American/Alaska Native % 16.7% 16.7% White 5,858 4,762 10,620 2,231 1,698 3, % 35.7% 37.0% Undisclosed , % 33.4% 31.6% Total 10,640 10,031 20,671 3,661 3,102 6, % 30.9% 32.7% Non-URM 9,331 8,242 17,573 3,401 2,786 6, % 33.8% 35.2% URM 1,309 1,789 3, % 17.7% 18.6% Asian American 2,347 2,375 4, , % 29.8% 30.2% Black/African American , % 16.4% 17.3% Foreign % 25.1% 25.5% Hawaiian/Pacific Islander % 0.0% 0.0% Hispanic/Latino , % 21.8% 24.3% Multiple Races % 27.0% 29.3% Native American/Alaska Native % 27.3% 23.3% White 6,361 4,669 11,030 2,404 1,693 4, % 36.3% 37.1% Undisclosed % 33.4% 32.9% Total 10,816 9,415 20,231 3,683 2,937 6, % 31.2% 32.7% Non-URM 9,578 7,876 17,454 3,387 2,641 6, % 33.5% 34.5% URM 1,238 1,539 2, % 19.2% 21.3% 4 - Tables

6 % who Matriculated Academic Year Race/Ethnicity Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Asian American 1,929 1,891 3, , % 33.4% 35.1% Black/African American % 17.1% 18.1% Foreign % 23.8% 26.1% Hawaiian/Pacific Islander % 14.3% 36.4% Hispanic/Latino , % 25.0% 26.4% Multiple Races % 28.2% 31.1% Native American/Alaska Native % 43.8% 33.3% White 5,744 4,305 10,049 2,365 1,622 3, % 37.7% 39.7% Undisclosed % 41.1% 41.2% Total 9,564 8,175 17,739 3,636 2,763 6, % 33.8% 36.1% Non-URM 8,471 6,983 15,454 3,361 2,507 5, % 35.9% 38.0% URM 1,093 1,192 2, % 21.5% 23.2% Asian American 1,780 1,702 3, , % 35.1% 36.1% Black/African American % 18.6% 19.3% Foreign % 27.6% 32.9% Hawaiian/Pacific Islander % 18.2% 13.0% Hispanic/Latino , % 24.3% 26.0% Multiple Races % 32.0% 32.0% Native American/Alaska Native % 41.2% 31.6% White 5,334 4,106 9,440 2,219 1,650 3, % 40.2% 41.0% Undisclosed % 33.1% 37.1% Total 8,708 7,545 16,253 3,362 2,690 6, % 35.7% 37.2% Non-URM 7,850 6,471 14,321 3,149 2,458 5, % 38.0% 39.2% URM 858 1,074 1, % 21.6% 23.0% 5 - Tables

7 % who Matriculated Academic Year Race/Ethnicity Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Asian American 1,587 1,542 3, , % 31.5% 33.9% Black/African American % 16.1% 18.2% Foreign % 27.0% 27.4% Hawaiian/Pacific Islander % 0.0% 60.0% Hispanic/Latino % 23.6% 23.2% Multiple Races % 34.6% 30.0% Native American/Alaska Native % 23.8% 23.9% White 4,933 3,807 8,740 2,067 1,526 3, % 40.1% 41.1% Undisclosed % 35.9% 36.8% Total 7,936 6,860 14,796 3,020 2,395 5, % 34.9% 36.6% Non-URM 7,163 5,951 13,114 2,845 2,214 5, % 37.2% 38.6% URM , % 19.9% 21.2% Asian American 1,425 1,415 2, % 30.7% 33.6% Black/African American % 20.0% 19.6% Foreign % 25.8% 24.0% Hawaiian/Pacific Islander % 16.7% 18.8% Hispanic/Latino % 23.8% 27.9% Multiple Races % 32.2% 34.7% Native American/Alaska Native % 18.8% 25.0% White 4,627 3,685 8,312 2,034 1,517 3, % 41.2% 42.7% Undisclosed % 33.6% 32.1% Total 7,487 6,597 14,084 2,971 2,346 5, % 35.6% 37.8% Non-URM 6,778 5,766 12,544 2,782 2,165 4, % 37.5% 39.4% URM , % 21.8% 24.0% 6 - Tables

8 % who Matriculated Academic Year Race/Ethnicity Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Asian American 1,278 1,292 2, , % 37.9% 39.5% Black/African American % 21.1% 19.3% Foreign % 16.2% 18.3% Hawaiian/Pacific Islander % 0.0% 9.1% Hispanic/Latino % 26.7% 26.7% Multiple Races % 36.3% 39.0% Native American/Alaska Native % 38.5% 27.5% White 4,285 3,547 7,832 1,901 1,505 3, % 42.4% 43.5% Undisclosed % 11.2% 11.6% Total 6,869 6,277 13,147 2,718 2,313 5, % 36.8% 38.3% Non-URM 6,243 5,503 11,747 2,576 2,129 4, % 38.7% 40.1% URM , % 23.8% 23.3% Asian American 1,184 1,241 2, % 32.0% 34.6% Black/African American % 19.7% 19.8% Foreign % 25.7% 25.9% Hawaiian/Pacific Islander % 22.2% 33.3% Hispanic/Latino % 24.7% 27.8% Multiple Races % 36.9% 31.6% Native American/Alaska Native % 12.0% 18.6% White 4,024 3,327 7,351 1,715 1,407 3, % 42.3% 42.5% Undisclosed % 44.8% 42.4% Total 6,507 6,101 12,617 2,577 2,269 4, % 37.2% 38.4% Non-URM 5,951 5,254 11,213 2,425 2,084 4, % 39.7% 40.2% URM , % 21.8% 24.0% 7 - Tables

9 Table 5a: AACOMAS and Percent Race and Ethnicity by Gender Note: Tables with data on gender by race/ethnicity do not include those reporting an undisclosed gender. Academic Year Race/Ethnicity Male Female Total Male Female Total Asian American 11.0% 11.1% 22.0% 12.0% 10.8% 22.7% Black/African American 2.2% 4.2% 6.4% 0.9% 1.8% 2.7% Foreign 0.9% 0.9% 1.8% 0.6% 0.6% 1.3% Hawaiian/Pacific Islander 0.0% 0.1% 0.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Hispanic/Latino 3.9% 4.3% 8.2% 2.9% 2.8% 5.6% Multiple Races 1.7% 1.8% 3.5% 1.7% 1.5% 3.3% Native American/Alaska Native 0.1% 0.1% 0.3% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% White 28.3% 23.0% 51.4% 33.0% 25.1% 58.1% Undisclosed 3.3% 3.1% 6.4% 3.0% 3.2% 6.2% Total 51.5% 48.5% 100.0% 54.1% 45.9% 100.0% Non-URM 45.1% 39.9% 85.0% 50.3% 41.2% 91.5% URM 6.3% 8.7% 15.0% 3.8% 4.7% 8.5% Asian American 11.6% 11.7% 23.3% 10.8% 10.7% 21.5% Black/African American 2.1% 3.6% 5.7% 1.2% 1.8% 3.0% Foreign 1.0% 0.9% 1.9% 0.8% 0.7% 1.5% Hawaiian/Pacific Islander 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Hispanic/Latino 3.9% 4.0% 7.9% 3.2% 2.6% 5.8% Multiple Races 1.9% 1.8% 3.7% 1.9% 1.5% 3.3% Native American/Alaska Native 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.0% 0.1% White 31.4% 23.1% 54.5% 36.3% 25.6% 61.9% Undisclosed 1.4% 1.4% 2.8% 1.4% 1.5% 2.9% Total 53.5% 46.5% 100.0% 55.6% 44.4% 100.0% Non-URM 47.3% 38.9% 86.3% 51.2% 39.9% 91.1% URM 6.1% 7.6% 13.7% 4.5% 4.5% 8.9% 8 - Tables

10 Academic Year Race/Ethnicity Male Female Total Male Female Total Asian American 10.9% 10.7% 21.5% 11.1% 9.9% 20.9% Black/African American 2.1% 3.2% 5.3% 1.1% 1.5% 2.6% Foreign 0.8% 0.8% 1.7% 0.7% 0.5% 1.2% Hawaiian/Pacific Islander 0.1% 0.0% 0.1% 0.1% 0.0% 0.1% Hispanic/Latino 3.9% 3.4% 7.3% 3.0% 2.4% 5.3% Multiple Races 1.9% 1.9% 3.8% 1.8% 1.5% 3.3% Native American/Alaska Native 0.1% 0.1% 0.2% 0.1% 0.1% 0.2% White 32.4% 24.3% 56.6% 37.0% 25.3% 62.3% Undisclosed 1.8% 1.7% 3.5% 2.1% 1.9% 4.0% Total 53.9% 46.1% 100.0% 56.8% 43.2% 100.0% Non-URM 47.8% 39.4% 87.1% 52.5% 39.2% 91.7% URM 6.2% 6.7% 12.9% 4.3% 4.0% 8.3% Asian American 11.0% 10.5% 21.4% 10.9% 9.9% 20.8% Black/African American 1.9% 3.3% 5.2% 1.0% 1.7% 2.7% Foreign 0.7% 0.7% 1.5% 0.8% 0.5% 1.3% Hawaiian/Pacific Islander 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Hispanic/Latino 3.2% 3.1% 6.3% 2.4% 2.0% 4.4% Multiple Races 1.9% 1.6% 3.5% 1.6% 1.4% 3.0% Native American/Alaska Native 0.1% 0.1% 0.2% 0.1% 0.1% 0.2% White 32.8% 25.3% 58.1% 36.7% 27.3% 63.9% Undisclosed 1.9% 1.7% 3.6% 2.1% 1.5% 3.6% Total 53.6% 46.4% 100.0% 55.6% 44.4% 100.0% Non-URM 48.3% 39.8% 88.1% 52.0% 40.6% 92.6% URM 5.3% 6.6% 11.9% 3.5% 3.8% 7.4% 9 - Tables

11 Academic Year Race/Ethnicity Male Female Total Male Female Total Asian American 10.7% 10.4% 21.1% 10.7% 9.0% 19.6% Black/African American 1.9% 3.0% 4.9% 1.1% 1.3% 2.4% Foreign 0.7% 0.8% 1.5% 0.6% 0.6% 1.1% Hawaiian/Pacific Islander 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% 0.0% 0.1% Hispanic/Latino 3.1% 3.0% 6.1% 1.9% 1.9% 3.9% Multiple Races 1.7% 1.6% 3.4% 1.2% 1.5% 2.8% Native American/Alaska Native 0.2% 0.1% 0.3% 0.1% 0.1% 0.2% White 33.3% 25.7% 59.1% 38.2% 28.2% 66.4% Undisclosed 1.9% 1.7% 3.6% 1.9% 1.7% 3.6% Total 53.6% 46.4% 100.0% 55.8% 44.2% 100.0% Non-URM 48.4% 40.2% 88.6% 52.5% 40.9% 93.4% URM 5.2% 6.1% 11.4% 3.2% 3.3% 6.6% Asian American 10.1% 10.0% 20.2% 9.8% 8.2% 18.0% Black/African American 2.0% 2.9% 4.9% 1.0% 1.5% 2.5% Foreign 0.9% 0.7% 1.6% 0.5% 0.5% 1.0% Hawaiian/Pacific Islander 0.1% 0.0% 0.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% Hispanic/Latino 2.8% 2.8% 5.7% 2.4% 1.8% 4.2% Multiple Races 1.7% 1.7% 3.4% 1.7% 1.4% 3.1% Native American/Alaska Native 0.2% 0.1% 0.3% 0.1% 0.1% 0.2% White 32.9% 26.2% 59.0% 38.3% 28.5% 66.8% Undisclosed 2.5% 2.4% 4.9% 2.1% 2.1% 4.2% Total 53.2% 46.8% 100.0% 55.9% 44.1% 100.0% Non-URM 48.1% 40.9% 89.1% 52.3% 40.7% 93.0% URM 5.0% 5.9% 10.9% 3.6% 3.4% 7.0% 10 - Tables

12 Academic Year Race/Ethnicity Male Female Total Male Female Total Asian American 9.7% 9.8% 19.5% 10.4% 9.7% 20.2% Black/African American 1.7% 3.1% 4.8% 0.7% 1.7% 2.4% Foreign 0.8% 0.6% 1.3% 0.4% 0.2% 0.6% Hawaiian/Pacific Islander 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Hispanic/Latino 2.8% 2.7% 5.5% 2.0% 1.9% 3.8% Multiple Races 1.5% 1.7% 3.2% 1.7% 1.6% 3.3% Native American/Alaska Native 0.2% 0.1% 0.3% 0.1% 0.1% 0.2% White 32.6% 27.0% 59.6% 37.8% 29.9% 67.7% Undisclosed 2.9% 2.8% 5.7% 0.9% 0.8% 1.7% Total 52.2% 47.7% 100.0% 54.0% 46.0% 100.0% Non-URM 47.5% 41.9% 89.4% 51.2% 42.3% 93.5% URM 4.8% 5.9% 10.6% 2.8% 3.7% 6.5% Asian American 9.4% 9.8% 19.2% 9.1% 8.2% 17.3% Black/African American 1.6% 3.3% 5.0% 0.8% 1.7% 2.6% Foreign 0.6% 0.6% 1.1% 0.4% 0.4% 0.8% Hawaiian/Pacific Islander 0.0% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.0% 0.1% Hispanic/Latino 2.6% 3.1% 5.7% 2.1% 2.0% 4.1% Multiple Races 1.3% 1.4% 2.7% 0.9% 1.3% 2.2% Native American/Alaska Native 0.1% 0.2% 0.3% 0.1% 0.1% 0.2% White 31.9% 26.4% 58.3% 35.4% 29.0% 64.4% Undisclosed 4.0% 3.5% 7.5% 4.2% 4.1% 8.3% Total 51.6% 48.4% 100.0% 53.2% 46.8% 100.0% Non-URM 47.2% 41.6% 88.9% 50.0% 43.0% 93.0% URM 4.4% 6.7% 11.1% 3.1% 3.8% 7.0% 11 - Tables

13 Figure 1: AACOMAS - Female and Underrepresented Minorities 48.4% 47.7% 46.8% 46.4% 46.4% 46.1% 46.5% 48.5% Percent Female Percent URM 11.1% 10.6% 10.9% 11.3% 11.7% 12.8% 13.6% 15.0% Figure 2: Percent AACOMAS - Underrepresented Minorities by Gender 6.7% 4.4% 6.6% 5.9% 5.9% 6.1% 5.0% 5.2% 5.3% 4.8% 8.7% 7.6% 6.7% 6.2% 6.1% 6.3% Percent Female URM Percent Male URM Figures

14 Figure 3: AACOMAS - Female and Underrepresented Minorities 47.0% 46.0% 44.1% 44.2% 44.4% 43.2% 44.4% 45.9% Percent Female Percent URM 7.0% 6.5% 6.9% 6.5% 7.3% 8.2% 8.9% 8.5% Figure 4: Percent AACOMAS - Underrepresented Minorities by Gender 4.5% 4.3% 4.7% 3.8% 3.1% 3.7% 3.6% 3.4% 3.3% 3.2% 3.8% 3.5% 4.0% 3.8% 2.8% Percent Female URM Percent Male URM Figures

15 Figure 5: Percent AACOMAS who Matriculated* - Race/Ethnicity Non-URM URM 40.2% 40.1% 39.8% 38.5% 39.2% 37.9% 34.5% 35.2% 24.0% 23.3% 24.0% 21.2% 23.1% 23.3% 21.3% 18.6% *The graph displays the percentage of URM males and females along with non-urm males and females who applied through AACOMAS and matriculated to an osteopathic medical school, as opposed to those who applied but did not matriculate. Figure 6: Percent AACOMAS who Matriculated* - Gender Male Female 39.7% 39.6% 39.7% 37.5% 38.1% 38.6% 36.8% 38.0% 35.6% 34.9% 35.7% 33.8% 34.1% 34.4% 31.2% 30.9% *The graph displays the percentage of URM males and females along with non-urm males and females who applied through AACOMAS and matriculated to an osteopathic medical school, as opposed to those who applied but did not matriculate Figures

16 Figure 7: Percent AACOMAS who Matriculated* by Race/Ethnicity and Gender Male - Non-URM Female Non-URM Male - URM Female - URM 17.7% 19.9% 33.8% 36.4% 19.2% 23.9% 33.5% 35.4% 21.5% 25.2% 35.9% 39.7% 21.6% 24.8% 38.0% 40.1% 19.9% 22.6% 37.2% 39.7% 21.8% 26.7% 37.5% 41.0% 23.8% 22.7% 38.7% 41.3% 21.8% 27.3% 39.7% 40.7% *The graph displays the percentage of URM males and females along with non-urm males and females who applied through AACOMAS and matriculated to an osteopathic medical school, as opposed to those who applied but did not matriculate. Figure 8: First Year Enrollment - Female and Underrepresented Minorities 46.8% 46.2% 44.9% 44.5% 44.2% 43.0% 44.3% 45.8% Percent Female Percent URM 6.9% 7.2% 7.3% 7.2% 8.1% 8.5% 9.0% 8.9% Figures

17 Figure 9: Total Enrollment - Female and Underrepresented Minorities 47.7% 47.2% 46.2% 45.6% 45.1% 44.4% 44.4% 44.7% Percent Female Percent URM 7.7% 7.8% 7.3% 7.2% 7.5% 7.8% 8.1% 8.5% Figures