Prepositional Phrases

Transcription

1 Prepositional Phrases Grade Level: 4 6 Teacher Guidelines pages 1 2 Instructional Pages pages 3 4 Activity Page page 5 Practice Page page 6 Homework Page page 7 Answer Key pages 8 9

2 Classroom Procedure: 1. Refer several students to find the different items you placed in the room by using a prepositional phrase. For example: Tanisha, please hand the pencil I placed under the shelf. 2. Continue to do this until all items are located. 3. Next, ask students: What was similar to each of the instructions given, places items were found, or the positions of the items? 4. Allow for responses and discussion leading to position is part of the word preposition. Review some of the prepositions the students should have already learned. 5. Distribute the Prepositional Phrases content page. 6. Read and review the information with the students, emphasizing the two types: Adverb phrase and Adjective phrases. 7. During the reading, share additional examples of prepositional phrases until the students show a clear understanding of them. 8. Distribute the Activity page. 9. Review the steps of the instructions. (You may give additional lined-paper if needed.) 10. Once the lists are completed, either assign students who they can exchange them with, or distribute randomly. 11. Students will now write the short stories using the list they received. 12. Once completed, allow students to share their stories with the class. 13. Distribute the Practice page and review the students responses checking for understanding. (continued) Approximate Grade Level: 4-6 Objectives: The students will be able to identify and use prepositional phrases, write a story using prepositional phrases, and explain the difference between adverb and adjective prepositional phrases. Common Core State Standards: CCSS.ELA-Literacy.L.4.1.E CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.4.3 CSS.ELA-Literacy.L.5.1.A CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.5.3 CCSS.ELA-Literacy.L.6.1 CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.6.3 Class Sessions (45 minutes): 1-2 class sessions Teaching Materials/Worksheets: Prepositional Phrases content page, Activity page, Practice page, Homework page Student Supplies: handouts, scissors (optional) Prepare Ahead of Time: Place items in the room for the opening of the lesson, prepare a list of prepositional phrases to use. Copy handouts. Additional Resources: (Content) (Content and more) (Interactive) (Content and list) (Content and list) ons/identifying-prepositions.html (Worksheets) arts-of-speech-worksheets/preposition-worksheets/ (Worksheets) VIDEOS: (4 min.) (3 min.-song) (3 min.) (5 min.) Options for Lesson: Students may work in pairs for the activity, exchanging with another pair of students. Switch the assignment for the Practice page and Homework page. Use additional resources for the videos, which includes some update and interesting presentations of the information. 1

3 Classroom Procedure (continued): 14. Distribute the Homework page and check the next day. 15. In closing, ask each student to verbally share a sentence using an adverb prepositional phrase or an adjective prepositional phrase. Teacher Notes Prior to the start of this lesson, the students should have had a lesson on prepositions. This lesson could also be used when introducing prepositions for the first time. Many students may not understand the point of learning the terminology, but explain how it will overall assist them in writing and communicating more effectively. 2

4 Prepositional Phrases A prepositional phrase is a group of words that begins with a word called a preposition (examples in the box on the next page), and ends with a noun or pronoun. There is no set number of words in a prepositional phrase, but there must be at least two words. In addition, the noun or the pronoun of the phrase is called the object. Following are some examples of prepositional phrases: in the room at the desk under the rock with you past her through the tunnel for him on top The noun or pronoun in the examples are called the objects of the prepositional phrases. You need to be aware of the many prepositions available in the English language. If there is not a preposition, then there is not a prepositional phrase. REMINDER: Nouns can be persons, places, or things. REMINDER: Pronoun examples include he, she, him, her, we, us, them, and several others. Prepositional phrases can also be connected together using coordinating conjunctions such as the following: for, and, or, nor, but, yet, so The worker stores his tools in a box and on a shelf. Notice the two prepositional phrases are connected by a coordinating conjunction. In the following sentence notice 1. the prepositional phrases 2. the objects of the preposition, and 3. the coordinating conjunction: The lake is located near the mountain but across the canyon. 3

5 Examples of Prepositions aboard at but inside on round unlike about before by into onto since until above behind down like opposite than up across below during minus out through up to after beneath except near outside to upon against beside following next over toward with along between for from of past under within around beyond in off plus underneath without as Prepositional phrases answer these questions for a sentence: Which one? What kind? Where? To what extent? How? Prepositional phrases serve as adjectives describing a noun or pronoun in the sentence. The can also serve as adverbs modifying a verb, adjective, or another adverb. Prepositions can describe location, direction, time, purpose, and other relationships. PREPOSITIONAL ECTIVE PHRASES The girl with blonde hair is the daughter. The prepositional phrase, with blonde hair, describes the noun: girl. It answers the question: Which one? The PREPOSITIONAL ERB PHRASES They, climbed up the ladder to get the cat. The prepositional phrase, up the ladder modifies the verb: climbed. The phrase answers the question: Where? Prepositional phrases are necessary because they provide important and useful details about the nouns, verbs, adjectives, or adverbs in sentences. Of course, knowing how to use prepositional phrases will help with your writing, too. 4

6 Activity Name Date Instructions 1. You will create 20 different prepositional phrases. 2. Write each of the phrases in the spaces at the bottom of the page. 3. When the teacher tells you, you will tear off the list and give it to another student. 4. You will also receive a new list of 20 prepositional phrases from another student. 5. Using the new list of 20 prepositional phrases, you will create a short story on the lines below. It s okay to use more than one phrase in a single sentence. Use additional paper if needed. 6. Be creative and make up a story. Be sure each phrase is used correctly. 7. Underline each of the 20 prepositional phrases in your story. 8. Once your story is complete you may be asked to share it with the class

7 Practice Name Date Underline the prepositional phrases and circle the objects of the preposition. 1. The students were extremely tired after the test. 2. The girls and boys looked under the rocks and near the trees for the colored eggs. 3. How many cupcakes will be needed for the students treats after the play this evening? 4. There were nearly one hundred people who were lined up at the window before the game. 5. I was not sure if I wanted sprinkles on top of my ice cream cone. 6. The little girl with the red dress had on pink shoes, too. 7. Inside the cabinet I found some hidden pieces of candy underneath the shelf. 8. Because of the snow, the game at the high school will be postponed until next week. 9. The dog jumped off the sofa when he saw its owner come through the door. 10. Grandma and Grandpa Wilson placed ten gifts under the Christmas tree this year. 11. The movie playing in the middle of town was about a monster. 12. The bicycle ride was cut short due to the rain falling out of the sky. 13. As I rode in the car, I saw a cat run across the road and dog playing in the lake. 14. You will come with me and with her to the store. 15. Everything seems to taste better with chocolate syrup. 16. Near my home is a ballfield where I like to run around the bases. 17. Do you think it will be too cold for surfing? 18. The last house on the right is the one where the fire started in the upstairs bedroom. 19. The baseball was hit far and landed among the rose bushes in Mrs. Greely s yard. 20. Wow! Did you see how fast the rabbit hopped across the street and down into a hole? 6

8 Homework Name Date The prepositional phrase is underlined. Tell whether it s an adverb () or adjective() phrase. Then on the line that follows the sentence, tell what the phrase modifies or describes. 1. The dog with the sharp teeth scared the children. 2. My girl's mother was excited about the softball game. 3. The boy with big blue eyes appeared in the window. 4. The boy with big blue eyes appeared in the window. 5. I was happy to see his cat outside the door. 6. The plumbers arrived late in the day. 7. Something was moving in the corner of the room. 8. Something was moving in the corner of the room. 9. The salesperson scanned over the barcode of the product. 10. The salesperson scanned over the barcode of the product. 11. I can see three people with glasses coming down the street. 12. I can see three people with glasses coming down the street. 13. After the party, we will leave for vacation. 14. In the house with twenty windows, there is only one door. 15. In the house with twenty windows, there is only one door. Write five sentences. Write a prepositional phrase using: between, inside, until, beneath, and upon 7

9 Practice ANSWER KEY Name Date Underline the prepositional phrases and circle the objects of the preposition. 1. The students were extremely tired after the test. 2. The girls and boys looked under the rocks and near the trees for the colored eggs. 3. How many cupcakes will be needed for the students treats after the play this evening? 4. There were nearly one hundred people who were lined up at the window before the game. 5. I was not sure if I wanted sprinkles on top of my ice cream cone. 6. The little girl with the red dress had on pink shoes, too. 7. Inside the cabinet I found some hidden pieces of candy underneath the shelf. 8. Because of the snow, the game at the high school will be postponed until next week. 9. The dog jumped off the sofa when he saw its owner come through the door. 10. Grandma and Grandpa Wilson placed ten gifts under the Christmas tree this year. 11. The movie playing in the middle of town was about a monster. 12. The bicycle ride was cut short due to the rain falling out of the sky. 13. As I rode in the car, I saw a cat run across the road and dog playing in the lake. 14. You will come with me and with her to the store. 15. Everything seems to taste better with chocolate syrup. 16. Near my home is a ballfield where I like to run around the bases. 17. Do you think it will be too cold for surfing? 18. The last house on the right is the one where the fire started in the upstairs bedroom. 19. The baseball was hit far and landed among the rose bushes in Mrs. Greely s yard. 20. Wow! Did you see how fast the rabbit hopped across the street and down into a hole? 8

10 Homework ANSWER KEY Name Date The prepositional phrase is underlined. Tell whether it s an adverb () or adjective() phrase. Then on the line that follows the sentence, tell what the phrase modifies or describes. 1. The dog with the sharp teeth scared the children. dog 2. My girl's mother was excited about the softball game. excited 3. The boy with big blue eyes appeared in the window. boy 4. The boy with big blue eyes appeared in the window. appeared 5. I was happy to see his cat outside the door. see 6. The plumbers arrived late in the day. arrived 7. Something was moving in the corner of the room. in the corner 8. Something was moving in the corner of the room. of the room 9. The salesperson scanned over the barcode of the product. of the product 10. The salesperson scanned over the barcode of the product. over the barcode 11. I can see three people with glasses coming down the street. people 12. I can see three people with glasses coming down the street. coming 13. After the party, we will leave for vacation. leave 14. In the house with twenty windows, there is only one door. with twenty windows 15. In the house with twenty windows, there is only one door. in the house Write five sentences. Write a prepositional phrase using: between, inside, until, beneath, and upon 9