The Hispanic Population in Minnesota and North Dakota Distribution and Growth Trends:

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1 The Hispanic Population in Minnesota and North Dakota Distribution and Growth Trends: North Dakota State Data Center North Dakota State University Department of Agribusiness and Applied Economics IACC Room 424 Fargo, ND Issued October 2001

2 Forward This report is the second phase of a two-phased project sponsored by Migrant Health Services, Inc., of Moorhead, Minnesota. An important goal of this project is to estimate the distribution of migrant farm workers and their families in the states of Minnesota and North Dakota. The intent of the project is to serve as a starting point for a larger effort aimed at surveying the needs of migrant farm workers and their families and to gain insight into where they receive their services. The first phase of this project was designed to offer a rapid assessment of the distribution of migrant farm workers in the two states. Concentrations of Hispanic populations were mapped using a Geographic Information System (GIS). Once the concentrations were mapped, key informants (i.e., school officials, social service providers, extension agents, etc.) were contacted to see if there was a corresponding high concentration of migrant farm workers in the area. The second phase entails utilizing data from the 2000 Census, available in April of 2001, to further document the distribution of persons of Hispanic origin as well as offer greater geographic detail. Contributing Staff Richard Rathge, Director Karen Olson Kay Olson North Dakota State Data Center North Dakota State University Department of Agribusiness and Applied Economics IACC Room 424 Fargo, ND URL: Richard.Rathge@ndsu.nodak.edu Phone: (701) Fax: (701) Issued October 2001

3 Executive Summary Hispanic Population Distribution According to the 2000 Census, the highest concentrations of the Hispanic population were along the Red River Valley and in the southern half of Minnesota. Hispanic households were comprised largely of families with children ages 0 to 17 years. Rural counties had higher concentrations of Hispanic youth than urban counties. The Hispanic concentrations in North Dakota and Minnesota were comprised mostly of Mexicans. Hispanic Population Growth During the past decade, growth in the Hispanic population, including youth, was concentrated in those areas that already had a high proportion of Hispanics, specifically in counties on either side of Interstates 90 and 94. Growth among Mexicans was largely concentrated in southern Minnesota along Interstate 94. Hispanic School Enrollment Distribution Enrollment data among Hispanic students mirror Census data and confirm that the highest growth and concentration of Hispanics is along the Red River Valley and the southern half of Minnesota. The Hispanic Population in M innesota and North Dakota: Distribution and Growth Trends: i

4 Introduction Objectives This report is the second phase of a larger effort aimed at surveying the needs of farm workers and their families in order to gain insight into where they receive their health services. The specific objective of this report is designed to document and substantiate the distribution of persons of Hispanic origin in Minnesota and North Dakota in order to offer greater geographic detail within the two states. Methodology Data from the 2000 Census were used to map the distribution of Hispanics by county for the time period from 1990 to Data received from the Minnesota Department of Children, Families, and Learning as well as the North Dakota Department of Public Instruction were used to map Hispanic school enrollments. A series of seven maps (North Dakota and Minnesota combined) were generated using a Geographic Information System (GIS) that displays the concentration of Hispanics by county. Preface The first three maps focus on Hispanic, Hispanic youth, and Mexican population distributions. The next three maps pertain to Hispanic population growth, specifically the Hispanic population overall, the Hispanic youth population, and the Mexican population. The last map shows the distribution of Hispanic school enrollment as a percentage of total K-12 enrollment for the academic year. The Hispanic Population in M innesota and North Dakota: Distribution and Growth Trends: ii

5 Table of Contents Hispanic Population Distribution... 1 Figure 1. Hispanic Population as a Percent of the Total State Population in North Dakota and Minnesota by County: Figure 2. Hispanic Population Ages 0 to 17 as a Percent of the Total Hispanic Population in North Dakota and Minnesota by County: Figure 3. Mexican Population as a Percent of the Total Hispanic Population in North Dakota and Minnesota by County: Hispanic Population Growth... 5 Figure 4. Percent Change in Hispanic Population in North Dakota and Minnesota by County: 1990 to Figure 5. Percent Change in Hispanic Population Ages 0 to 17 in North Dakota and Minnesota by County: 1990 to Figure 6. Percent Change in Mexican Population in North Dakota and Minnesota by County: 1990 to Hispanic School Enrollment Distribution... 9 Figure 7. Hispanic Students Enrolled in K-12 as a Percent of Total Students Enrolled in K-12: Academic Year... 9 Appendix Tables Table 1. Hispanic Population and Change in Population for Minnesota and North Dakota by County: 1990 and Table 2. Hispanic Youth Population and Change in Population for Minnesota and North Dakota by County: 1990 and Table 3. Mexican Population and Change in Population for Minnesota and North Dakota by County: 1990 and Table 4. Hispanic K-12 School Enrollment for Minnesota and North Dakota by County: Academic Year The Hispanic Population in M innesota and North Dakota: Distribution and Growth Trends: iii

6 Hispanic Population Distribution Figure 1. Figure 2. In 2000, the highest concentrations of the Hispanic population were along the Red River Valley and in the southern half of Minnesota (Appendix Table 1). In 2000, Hispanic households were comprised largely of families with children ages 0 to 17 years. Rural counties had higher concentrations of Hispanic youth than urban counties (Appendix Table 2). Figure 3. The Hispanic concentrations in North Dakota and Minnesota were comprised mostly of Mexicans (Appendix Table 3). The Hispanic Population in M innesota and North Dakota: Distribution and Growth Trends:

7 The Hispanic Population in M innesota and North Dakota: Distribution and Growth Trends:

8 The Hispanic Population in M innesota and North Dakota: Distribution and Growth Trends:

9 The Hispanic Population in M innesota and North Dakota: Distribution and Growth Trends:

10 Hispanic Population Growth Figure 4-5. During the past decade, growth in the Hispanic population, including youth, was concentrated in those areas that already had a high population of Hispanics, specifically in counties on either side of Interstates 90 and 94. Many other counties throughout North Dakota and Minnesota experienced growth in their Hispanic population, however, the numbers were too small to be significant (Appendix Table 1 and 2). Figure 6. Growth among Mexicans was largely concentrated in southern Minnesota along Interstate 94. While many other counties in North Dakota and Minnesota showed significant increases, the numbers were too small to be significant (Appendix Table 3). The Hispanic Population in M innesota and North Dakota: Distribution and Growth Trends:

11 The Hispanic Population in M innesota and North Dakota: Distribution and Growth Trends:

12 The Hispanic Population in M innesota and North Dakota: Distribution and Growth Trends:

13 The Hispanic Population in M innesota and North Dakota: Distribution and Growth Trends:

14 Hispanic School Enrollment Distribution Enrollment data among Hispanic students mirror Census data and confirm that the highest growth and concentration of Hispanics is along the Red River Valley and the southern half of Minnesota (Appendix Table 4). The Hispanic Population in M innesota and North Dakota: Distribution and Growth Trends:

15 Appendix Tables

16 Table 1. Hispanic Population and Change in Population for Minnesota and North Dakota by County: 1990 and 2000 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 1990 and 2000 Decennial Census Change in Hispanic Population: Hispanic Hispanic 1990 to 2000 Total Persons Number Percent Total Persons Number Percent Number Percent Minnesota 4,387,283 54, ,919, , , Aitkin 12, , Anoka 245,368 2, ,084 4, , Becker 27, , Beltrami 34, , Benton 30, , Big Stone 6, , Blue Earth 54, , Brown 26, , Carlton 29, , Carver 48, ,205 1, , Cass 21, , Chippewa 13, , Chisago 30, , Clay 50,473 1, ,229 1, Clearwater 8, , Cook 3, , Cottonwood 12, , Crow Wing 44, , Dakota 277,847 4, ,904 10, , Dodge 15, , Douglas 28, , Faribault 16, , Fillmore 20, , Freeborn 33,048 1, ,584 2, Goodhue 40, , Grant 6, , Hennepin 1,033,931 14, ,116,200 45, , Houston 18, , Hubbard 14, , Isanti 26, , Itasca 40, , Jackson 11, , Kanabec 12, , Kandiyohi 38,815 1, ,203 3, , Kittson 5, , Koochiching 16, , The Hispanic Population in M innesota and North Dakota: Distribution and Growth Trends:

17 Table 1. Hispanic Population and Change in Population for Minnesota and North Dakota by County: 1990 and 2000 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 1990 and 2000 Decennial Census Change in Hispanic Population: Hispanic Hispanic 1990 to 2000 Total Persons Number Percent Total Persons Number Percent Number Percent Lac qui Parle 8, , Lake 10, , Lake of the Woods 4, , Le Sueur 23, , Lincoln 6, , Lyon 24, ,425 1, McLeod 32, ,898 1, Mahnomen 5, , Marshall 10, , Martin 22, , Meeker 20, , Mille Lacs 18, , Morrison 29, , Mower 37, ,603 1, , Murray 9, , Nicollet 28, , Nobles 20, ,832 2, , Norman 7, , Olmsted 106, ,277 2, , Otter Tail 50, , Pennington 13, , Pine 21, , Pipestone 10, , Polk 32,562 1, ,369 1, Pope 10, , Ram sey 485,945 13, ,035 26, , Red Lake 4, , Redwood 17, , Renville 17, , Rice 49, ,665 3, , Rock 9, , Roseau 15, , St. Louis 198, ,528 1, Scott 58, ,498 2, , Sherburne 42, , Sibley 14, , Stearns 119, ,166 1, , The Hispanic Population in M innesota and North Dakota: Distribution and Growth Trends:

18 Table 1. Hispanic Population and Change in Population for Minnesota and North Dakota by County: 1990 and 2000 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 1990 and 2000 Decennial Census Change in Hispanic Population: Hispanic Hispanic 1990 to 2000 Total Persons Number Percent Total Persons Number Percent Number Percent Steele 30, ,680 1, Stevens 10, , Swift 10, , Todd 23, , Traverse 4, , Wabasha 19, , Wadena 13, , Waseca 18, , Washington 147,043 1, ,130 3, , Watonwan 11, ,876 1, , Wilkin 7, , Winona 47, , Wright 69, , Yellow Medicine 11, , North Dakota 638,800 4, ,200 7, , Adams 3, , Barnes 12, , Benson 7, , Billings 1, NA Bottineau 8, , Bowman 3, , Burke 3, , Burleigh 60, , Cass 102, ,138 1, Cavalier 6, , Dickey 6, , Divide 2, , Dunn 4, , Eddy 2, , Emmons 4, , Foster 3, , Golden Valley 2, , ,900.0 Grand Forks 70,683 1, ,109 1, Grant 3, , Griggs 3, , Hettinger 3, , The Hispanic Population in M innesota and North Dakota: Distribution and Growth Trends:

19 Table 1. Hispanic Population and Change in Population for Minnesota and North Dakota by County: 1990 and 2000 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 1990 and 2000 Decennial Census Change in Hispanic Population: Hispanic Hispanic 1990 to 2000 Total Persons Number Percent Total Persons Number Percent Number Percent Kidder 3, , LaM oure 5, , Logan 2, , McHenry 6, , McIntosh 4, , McKenzie 6, , McLean 10, , Mercer 9, , Morton 23, , Mountrail 7, , Nelson 4, , Oliver 2, , Pembina 9, , Pierce 5, , ,700.0 Ramsey 12, , Ransom 5, , Renville 3, , Richland 18, , Rolette 12, , Sargent 4, , Sheridan 2, , Sioux 3, , Slope Stark 22, , Steele 2, , Stutsman 22, , Towner 3, , Traill 8, , Walsh 13, , Ward 57, ,795 1, Wells 5, , Williams 21, , Note: NA Not Applicable. Table 2. Hispanic Youth Population and Change in Population for Minnesota and North Dakota by County: 1990 and 2000 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 1990 and 2000 Decennial Census Change in Youth Population: Hispanic Youth Hispanic Youth 1990 to 2000 Total Hispanic Number Percent Total Hispanic Number Percent Number Percent The Hispanic Population in M innesota and North Dakota: Distribution and Growth Trends:

20 Table 2. Hispanic Youth Population and Change in Population for Minnesota and North Dakota by County: 1990 and 2000 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 1990 and 2000 Decennial Census Change in Youth Population: Hispanic Youth Hispanic Youth 1990 to 2000 Total Hispanic Number Percent Total Hispanic Number Percent Number Percent Minnesota 54,300 22, ,382 55, , Aitkin Anoka 2,311 1, ,961 2, Becker Beltrami Benton Big Stone Blue Earth Brown Carlton Carver , Cass Chippewa Chisago Clay 1, , Clearwater Cook Cottonwood Crow Wing Dakota 4,096 1, ,459 4, , Dodge Douglas Faribault Fillmore Freeborn 1, , Goodhue Grant Hennepin 14,147 5, ,439 15, , Houston Hubbard Isanti Itasca Jackson Kanabec Kandiyohi 1, ,295 1, Kittson Koochiching The Hispanic Population in M innesota and North Dakota: Distribution and Growth Trends:

21 Table 2. Hispanic Youth Population and Change in Population for Minnesota and North Dakota by County: 1990 and 2000 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 1990 and 2000 Decennial Census Change in Youth Population: Hispanic Youth Hispanic Youth 1990 to 2000 Total Hispanic Number Percent Total Hispanic Number Percent Number Percent Lac qui Parle Lake Lake of the Woods Le Sueur Lincoln Lyon , McLeod , Mahnomen Marshall Martin Meeker Mille Lacs Morrison Mower , Murray Nicollet Nobles , Norman Olmsted ,959 1, Otter Tail Pennington Pine Pipestone Polk 1, , Pope Ram sey 13,990 5, ,979 10, , Red Lake Redwood Renville Rice ,117 1, , Rock Roseau St. Louis , Scott , Sherburne Sibley Stearns , The Hispanic Population in M innesota and North Dakota: Distribution and Growth Trends:

22 Table 2. Hispanic Youth Population and Change in Population for Minnesota and North Dakota by County: 1990 and 2000 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 1990 and 2000 Decennial Census Change in Youth Population: Hispanic Youth Hispanic Youth 1990 to 2000 Total Hispanic Number Percent Total Hispanic Number Percent Number Percent Steele , Stevens Swift Todd Traverse Wabasha Wadena Waseca Washington 1, ,892 1, Watonwan , Wilkin Winona Wright Yellow Medicine North Dakota 4,665 2, ,786 3, , Adams NA Barnes Benson Billings 0 0 NA NA Bottineau Bowman Burke Burleigh Cass , Cavalier Dickey Divide Dunn Eddy Emmons Foster Golden Valley ,500.0 Grand Forks 1, , Grant Griggs Hettinger The Hispanic Population in M innesota and North Dakota: Distribution and Growth Trends:

23 Table 2. Hispanic Youth Population and Change in Population for Minnesota and North Dakota by County: 1990 and 2000 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 1990 and 2000 Decennial Census Change in Youth Population: Hispanic Youth Hispanic Youth 1990 to 2000 Total Hispanic Number Percent Total Hispanic Number Percent Number Percent Kidder LaM oure Logan McHenry McIntosh McKenzie McLean Mercer Morton Mountrail Nelson Oliver Pembina Pierce NA Ramsey Ransom Renville Richland Rolette Sargent Sheridan Sioux Slope Stark Steele Stutsman Towner Traill Walsh Ward , Wells Williams Note: NA Not Applicable. The Hispanic Population in M innesota and North Dakota: Distribution and Growth Trends:

24 Table 3. Mexican Population and Change in Population for Minnesota and North Dakota by County: 1990 and 2000 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 1990 and 2000 Decennial Census Change in Mexican Population: Mexican Mexican 1990 to 2000 Total Hispanic Number Percent Total Hispanic Number Percent Number Percent Minnesota 54,300 34, ,382 95, , Aitkin Anoka 2,311 1, ,961 3, , Becker Beltrami Benton Big Stone Blue Earth Brown Carlton Carver ,791 1, , Cass Chippewa Chisago Clay 1, ,872 1, Clearwater Cook Cottonwood Crow Wing Dakota 4,096 2, ,459 6, , Dodge Douglas Faribault Fillmore Freeborn 1, ,049 1, Goodhue Grant Hennepin 14,147 7, ,439 29, , Houston Hubbard Isanti Itasca Jackson Kanabec Kandiyohi 1,359 1, ,295 2, Kittson Koochiching The Hispanic Population in M innesota and North Dakota: Distribution and Growth Trends:

25 Table 3. Mexican Population and Change in Population for Minnesota and North Dakota by County: 1990 and 2000 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 1990 and 2000 Decennial Census Change in Mexican Population: Mexican Mexican 1990 to 2000 Total Hispanic Number Percent Total Hispanic Number Percent Number Percent Lac qui Parle Lake Lake of the Woods Le Sueur Lincoln Lyon , McLeod ,268 1, Mahnomen Marshall Martin Meeker Mille Lacs Morrison Mower ,646 1, , Murray Nicollet Nobles ,325 1, , Norman Olmsted ,959 1, , Otter Tail Pennington Pine Pipestone Polk 1,147 1, , Pope ,350.0 Ram sey 13,990 9, ,979 19, , Red Lake Redwood Renville Rice ,117 2, , Rock Roseau St. Louis , Scott ,381 1, , Sherburne Sibley Stearns ,827 1, The Hispanic Population in M innesota and North Dakota: Distribution and Growth Trends:

26 Table 3. Mexican Population and Change in Population for Minnesota and North Dakota by County: 1990 and 2000 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 1990 and 2000 Decennial Census Change in Mexican Population: Mexican Mexican 1990 to 2000 Total Hispanic Number Percent Total Hispanic Number Percent Number Percent Steele , Stevens Swift Todd ,121.9 Traverse Wabasha Wadena Waseca Washington 1,930 1, ,892 2, , Watonwan ,804 1, Wilkin Winona Wright Yellow Medicine North Dakota 4,665 2, ,786 4, , Adams Barnes Benson Billings 0 0 NA NA Bottineau Bowman Burke Burleigh Cass , Cavalier Dickey Divide NA Dunn Eddy Emmons Foster Golden Valley Grand Forks 1, , Grant ,300.0 Griggs Hettinger The Hispanic Population in M innesota and North Dakota: Distribution and Growth Trends:

27 Table 3. Mexican Population and Change in Population for Minnesota and North Dakota by County: 1990 and 2000 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 1990 and 2000 Decennial Census Change in Mexican Population: Mexican Mexican 1990 to 2000 Total Hispanic Number Percent Total Hispanic Number Percent Number Percent Kidder LaM oure Logan McHenry McIntosh McKenzie McLean Mercer Morton Mountrail Nelson Oliver NA Pembina Pierce NA Ramsey Ransom Renville Richland Rolette Sargent Sheridan NA Sioux Slope NA Stark Steele NA Stutsman Towner Traill Walsh Ward , Wells Williams Note: NA Not Applicable. The Hispanic Population in M innesota and North Dakota: Distribution and Growth Trends:

28 Table 4. Hispanic K-12 School Enrollment for Minnesota and North Dakota by County: Academic Year Source: North Dakota Department of Public Instruction and the Minnesota Department of Children, Families and Learning Academic Year Hispanic K-12 Enrollment Total K-12 Enrollment Number Minnesota 992,270 25, Aitkin 2, Anoka 69, Becker 5, Beltrami 10, Benton 5, Big Stone 1, Blue Earth 10, Brown 4, Carlton 7, Carver 12, Cass 6, Chippewa 2, Chisago 8, Clay 10, Clearwater 1, Cook Cottonwood 2, Crow Wing 10, Dakota 79,749 1, Dodge 4, Douglas 5, Faribault 2, Fillmore 3, Freeborn 5, Goodhue 8, Grant 1, Hennepin 212,368 6, Houston 3, Hubbard 3, Isanti 6, Itasca 8, Jackson 1, Kanabec 2, Kandiyohi 7, Kittson 1, Koochiching 2, Percent The Hispanic Population in M innesota and North Dakota: Distribution and Growth Trends:

29 Table 4. Hispanic K-12 School Enrollment for Minnesota and North Dakota by County: Academic Year Source: North Dakota Department of Public Instruction and the Minnesota Department of Children, Families and Learning Academic Year Hispanic K-12 Enrollment Total K-12 Enrollment Number Lac qui Parle 2, Lake 2, Lake of the Woods Le Sueur 5, Lincoln Lyon 5, McLeod 6, Mahnomen 2, Marshall 1, Martin 4, Meeker 6, Mille Lacs 6, Morrison 6, Mower 6, Murray 1, Nicollet 2, Nobles 4, Norman 1, Olmsted 24, Otter Tail 9, Pennington 2, Pine 4, Pipestone 2, Polk 6, Pope 1, Ram sey 125,642 5, Red Lake Redwood 3, Renville 3, Rice 9, Rock 1, Roseau 3, St. Louis 33, Scott 14, Sherburne 13, Sibley 2, Stearns 25, Percent The Hispanic Population in M innesota and North Dakota: Distribution and Growth Trends:

30 Table 4. Hispanic K-12 School Enrollment for Minnesota and North Dakota by County: Academic Year Source: North Dakota Department of Public Instruction and the Minnesota Department of Children, Families and Learning Academic Year Hispanic K-12 Enrollment Total K-12 Enrollment Number Steele 7, Stevens 1, Swift 1, Todd 4, Traverse Wabasha 5, Wadena 3, Waseca 4, Washington 38, Watonwan 2, Wilkin 1, Winona 7, Wright 18, Yellow Medicine 2, Percent North Dakota 117,402 1, Adams Barnes 1, Benson 1, Billings Bottineau 1, Bowman Burke Burleigh 12, Cass 20, Cavalier Dickey Divide Dunn Eddy Emmons Foster Golden Valley Grand Forks 10, Grant Griggs Hettinger The Hispanic Population in M innesota and North Dakota: Distribution and Growth Trends:

31 Table 4. Hispanic K-12 School Enrollment for Minnesota and North Dakota by County: Academic Year Source: North Dakota Department of Public Instruction and the Minnesota Department of Children, Families and Learning Academic Year Hispanic K-12 Enrollment Total K-12 Enrollment Number Kidder LaM oure 1, Logan McHenry 1, McIntosh McKenzie 1, McLean 1, Mercer 1, Morton 5, Mountrail 1, Nelson Oliver Pembina 1, Pierce Ramsey 2, Ransom 1, Renville Richland 3, Rolette 3, Sargent Sheridan Sioux 1, Slope Stark 4, Steele Stutsman 3, Towner Traill 1, Walsh 2, Ward 10, Wells Williams 3, Percent The Hispanic Population in M innesota and North Dakota: Distribution and Growth Trends:

Price Sensitivity Analysis

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