Modern apprenticeships: filling the skills gap?
|
|
- Ernest Benson
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Journal of Vocational Education & Training ISSN: (Print) (Online) Journal homepage: Modern apprenticeships: filling the skills gap? David Gray & Mark Morgan To cite this article: David Gray & Mark Morgan (1998) Modern apprenticeships: filling the skills gap?, Journal of Vocational Education & Training, 50:1, , DOI: / To link to this article: Published online: 12 Oct Submit your article to this journal Article views: 563 View related articles Citing articles: 8 View citing articles Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at Download by: [ ] Date: 22 November 2017, At: 17:10
2 MODERN APPRENTICESHIPS Journal of Vocational Education and Training, Vol. 50, No. 1, 1998 Modern Apprenticeships: filling the skills gap? DAVID GRAY & MARK MORGAN University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom ABSTRACT In the United Kingdom, the Modern Apprenticeship scheme is financed and managed largely by Training and Enterprise Councils (TECs) which are regionally based. The article reports on a study carried out amongst a sample of TECs which examined their financial commitment to Modern Apprenticeships, and their views on the responsiveness of employers and trainees to the scheme. The study found that the funds devoted by different TECs to Modern Apprenticeships vary quite widely, but in general, were minimal compared with money devoted to unemployment containment strategies such as Youth Training Schemes. It is concluded that, unless there is both robust financial commitment to apprenticeship training and a scheme which is national, rather than local in focus, it is unlikely that the United Kingdom will produce a labour force capable of competing with our European trading partners. Introduction The United Kingdom education system has been criticised for failing to address what has been termed the low skills equilibrium in the United Kingdom economy (Chitty, 1991; Whiteside, 1992) and accused of being the root cause of the country s comparative failings, what Esland (1991) criticises as a simplistic monocausal explanation. With sharpening international competition, and with it the need to restructure significant sections of British industry, greater emphasis is now being put upon transferable social, organisational and computing skills (Soskice, 1994). Increasingly, there is a need for thinking, creative and adaptable workers. Evans et al (1997) raise the concern that the current, largely voluntary, system of post-16 education and training, may continue to prove inadequate in terms of raising the quality of young people s foundation learning. They contend that reasons for the United Kingdom s poor national performance include: low expectations of what young people can achieve; an education system which produces young people who are 123
3 DAVID GRAY & MARK MORGAN disillusioned with formal learning; a widespread belief that many young people are destined for unemployment or low-skilled work; a cynicism about the poor quality of government-financed training schemes for the unemployed. The question which will be addressed in this article, is whether Modern Apprenticeships, one of the latest initiatives concerned with enhancing the United Kingdom s skill base, are to be regarded as part of the solution to the low skills equilibrium, or merely the latest in a line of misconceived Youth Training schemes. Youth Opportunity Schemes (YOPs) and Youth Training Schemes (YTS) of the early 1980s, largely supplanted the former (pre-1980) traditional apprenticeship schemes, but came under attack from those who believed they were little more than a means of reducing the unemployment figures. Youngsters, argue Clarke and Willis (1984),... expressed their lack of faith in these schemes, [and] their hostility at being used as cheap labour. Acknowledging these shortfalls Hodkinson & Sparkes (1995) argue that: ever since the 1970s there has been an almost universal agreement... that not only was British VET largely inadequate, but also that its dramatic improvement was a necessary condition for the country s future economic prosperity. (pp ) The need for quality training becomes more apparent as Europe moves towards increasing economic integration, necessitating the need for the recognition of qualifications outside of workers home state. Indeed, discussing the socio-economic context of vocational training in a European context, Gordon (1995) points out that traditional apprenticeship[s] tended to train craft workers in skills which they would need and keep throughout their life... (p. 278), whereas a modern workforce, faced with an ever changing work environment, needs flexible, transferable skills such as communication, application of number, information technology and problem solving. In November 1993 the Chancellor, Kenneth Clarke, announced in the annual budget the Government s intention to introduce Modern Apprenticeships as a means of addressing the country s need for technicians and supervisors, with the aim of... equip[ping] Britain with a truly world class workforce (Widdecome, 1994, p. 4). Following a trial period, Modern Apprenticeships were introduced in England, in September This article seeks to analyse the significance of Modern Apprenticeships within the United Kingdom s training structure and, in doing so, makes reference to recent studies, including international comparisons of apprenticeship systems, and includes a qualitative small research project analysing the views of the organisations largely responsible for the implementation of Modern Apprenticeships in the United Kingdom, the Training and Enterprise Councils (TECs). 124
4 MODERN APPRENTICESHIPS The Modern Apprenticeship Framework Modern Apprenticeships are not time served (like the old, traditional apprenticeships). Whilst the time span is, in principle, flexible, they are envisaged to take around three years with apprentices working towards their NVQ level 3, with the option to further their studies to NVQ level 4 or even university entry for the most ambitious. Modern Apprenticeships are intended for 16- and 17-year-old school leavers, although entry is open to anyone who can complete by the age of 25, and are open to both sexes. Accelerated Modem Apprenticeships (amas) were develop out of a concern for the rigid age requirements for entry into traditional (British) apprenticeship schemes, and became operational from September 1995 for l8- to 19-year-olds. However, due to an apparent lack of interest in amas, MAs and amas merged in April Instead, skilled status relies upon the apprentice achieving the targets laid down by the respective Industry Training Organisations (ITOs), who may or may not give accreditation for prior learning. The exception is the pub trade, where age requirements for working behind a bar exist in law. In this case, 18 is the minimum legal age requirement for entry into an apprentice scheme rather than accelerated scheme. Modern Apprenticeships are built around a conceptual framework developed by Industrial Lead Bodies (ILBs) and ITOs, the latter setting national standards relevant to their respective industries. Once developed, they are accredited by the DfEE. However, the frameworks are flexible enough to meet the specific needs of local industry. The sector frameworks set the standards to be attained, but actual training programmes can be modified to meet the requirements of a particular company. Training is provided on-the-job by employers (overseen by the local TEC [LEC in Scotland], who provides funding) and off-the-job by the NVQ approved centres or local colleges. Modern Apprenticeships begin with a contractual agreement between the local TEC (which provides the funding), the apprentice and the employer. This obliges all parties to ensure their part in the agreement is met; the training pledge is signed by the apprentice and the employer, the latter undertaking to: x Employ the apprentice with the intention of continuing employment after training. x Provide assistance in securing alternative employment due to redundancy. x Provide reasonable experience, facilitate training to achieve objectives specified in the training plan (City and Guilds of London Institute, 1996). 125
5 DAVID GRAY & MARK MORGAN Each area of employment has appointed an ITO, or lead body, whose role it is to specify the training requirements within their professional field of work, which are then used as guidelines by employers for training purposes. This includes the stipulation of entry requirements. Lead bodies form a partnership between TECs or Local Enterprise Councils (LECs), who in turn contract the training out to colleges or private training organisations. In the early stage of the scheme, employers are under no obligation to employ apprentices. Now, however, under new contracts, new and existing trainees have to be transferred to employed status. They may, if they wish, take them on as unwaged trainees, in which case apprentices receive an allowance from the local TEC which employers are expected to top up. An International Comparison: vocational training in Germany To evaluate the United Kingdom Modern Apprenticeship scheme, it is useful to compare it with other European training systems. Germany has been taken as an apposite example. As Bash & Green (1995) point out, traditionally, Britain and Germany have enjoyed similar forms of apprenticeship training, where part-time vocational education has been combined with on-the-job training and work experience. This pattern has also been associated with the predominance of occupational labour markets, that is, the criterion for membership is the recognised apprenticeship qualification itself, Bash & Green (1995), however, also argue that since the 1960s the patterns of training for the two countries have sharply diverged. One result has been, as Brown & Evans (1994) argue, that the German Vocational Education and Training (VET) system now has a highly successful apprenticeship scheme that is held in high esteem as a provider of top quality training leading to a high skills equilibrium. There exists in the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG), they argue, a training culture in that the Government, employers and young people themselves are committed to high quality training, and value training in terms of future prospects. In the United Kingdom the opposite is true; there is little commitment to training from employers and young people have become demoralised due to lack of employment prospects in many industrial sectors. Furthermore, as long as employers have an incentive not to train, or youngsters are given no incentive to follow a training route, this trend is likely to continue. Thus, they argue that whilst employers are allowed to take advantage of cheap labour, and young people are enticed out of education and training by the lure of short-term financial gains, the low skills equilibrium will continue. Under the present German system, following compulsory education at 16, young people have the option to follow an academic or vocational route, although nearly 70% following vocational training (Brown et al, 126
6 MODERN APPRENTICESHIPS 1994). Alternatively, they can opt to take pre-vocational courses (BGJs) which offer an alternative route into vocational training, although they offer no guarantee of a place on an apprenticeship scheme. Apprenticeships are open to all young people. Training takes around two to three-and-a-half years during which apprentices normally spend 4 days in the workplace and 1 day in college, or Berufsschule. The training curriculum is devised by the Federal Institute for Vocational Training, and controlled at a local level by a cohort of industrial bodies, trade unions and teachers. This, however, is where their similarities with Modern Apprenticeships end. Under the German system, on-the-job training is undertaken by qualified instructors who are obliged to keep up-to-date with new developments, thus ensuring that training is also contemporary, and every effort is made to ensure the equipment and facilities used are state of the art. Companies who lack the means to provide such facilities use training centres or even other companies to complement their training. Once training is complete, skilled workers have the opportunity to further their qualifications and make themselves eligible for promotion into supervisory/management positions. Otherwise, following 2 years work experience they can further their training up to Meister level, for which government loans are available. This allows them to become trainers themselves or set up in business (Meister-level qualifications are required by law in order to set up in business in certain professions such a Blacksmith, Plumber and Motor Vehicle Mechanic). Thus, Germany possesses a nationally co-ordinated training system which appears to be valued by both employers and trainees alike. Indeed, there is a sense here in which the different sides of industry work together in cooperation. The role of German employers in training is not the product of an unrestrained free enterprise culture. There is a partnership between state and employers in which trade unions have also played a role. UK Modern Apprenticeships: national or notional? It could be argued that, as currently constructed, the Modern Apprenticeship system in the United Kingdom bears little relationship to the training systems of Germany. Brown & Evans (1994), argue, for example, that any national training policy needs to be what they have termed multi-factorial. This, essentially, means that the youth labour market must be restricted in terms of ensuring employers cannot employ people under the age of 18 unless commitment to training is guaranteed (through a track record of training), and by restricting the youth labour market... to exclude access to jobs without training. This does not appear to be happening in the United Kingdom where there is a deep-rooted tendency for young people to commit themselves to seeking paid employment as early as possible and for employers to recruit at
7 DAVID GRAY & MARK MORGAN (Whiteside, 1992). Brown & Evans (1994) also argue that governments should build on the commitment to training of some employers (through apprenticeship and careership), but not pretend that all employers are so committed. This means removal of incentives or pressure on less committed employers to provide broad based foundation training. Modern Apprenticeships, however, are not discriminating in this way because they are open to all employers, irrespective of the quality of their training record. Brown & Evans also stress that equal emphasis should be placed on processes and outcomes, whereas under the NVQ accreditation system, it is the measurement of outcomes that has overwhelming priority. The only area where Modern Apprenticeships appear to fit the Brown & Evans (1994) criteria is that at least there is provision for a differentiated policy between occupational areas (i.e. not aiming purely at broad based transferable skills). We have seen that a national framework is established through NVQ accreditation, but that individual lead bodies can tailor the schemes to a local framework. It remains to be seen, however, where the balance between the national and local policy-making lies. There are plans to expand the Modern Apprenticeship scheme and to make it one of the cornerstones of the United Kingdom s approach to skills training, both in terms of the number of apprentices and their level of attainment. Whilst there are presently around 270,000 youngsters on residual Youth Training schemes, only about 13,000 or 5% of trainees complete their training having attained an NVQ level 3, an A-level equivalent qualification. It is proposed that 40,000 or 27% of all trainees under the Modern Apprenticeship scheme will attain level 3 (Corney, 1994), an ambitious target. In the light of the significance of Modern Apprenticeships, it was decided to carry out a small research study amongst the organisations which fund and which are central to organising the scheme, TECs. The research sought to analyse: x the scale of TECs commitment to Modern Apprenticeships; x the popularity of Modern Apprenticeships amongst employers and trainees; x quality assurance procedures for evaluating training; x the extent to which Modern Apprenticeships are likely to produce a high skilled workforce. 128
8 MODERN APPRENTICESHIPS Research Methodology The research was carried out amongst a purposive sample of Training and Enterprise Councils, and comprised, primarily, a quantitative study, supported by discrete elements of qualitative data. The aim of the research was not to attain results of statistical significance, but to establish, through the use of detailed questionnaires, the views of TECs, as key players, towards the Modern Apprenticeship system. It was also hoped to uncover data that might be indicative of important trends and point to issues that other researchers may wish to follow up. Whilst the regional and national nature of the TECs lends itself to broad-based, whole population sampling, the target sample was restricted to areas where industry (manufacturing and service) serves as the main source of employment. For this reason, largely rural areas such as the Southwest and the West Country, were not targeted. Eleven TECs were therefore selected as part of the sample, of which six replied to the questionnaire. Two respondents represented two large, industrial conurbations. In order to maintain confidentiality, references that would help to identify individual TECs have been omitted. Results Without exception, all the TECs in the study stated that employers do not have the training resources in place to take on Modem Apprentices. Lack of employers finance was one factor given by the TECs to explain this. The percentage of TECs annual budgets allocated to training (including Modern Apprenticeships) ranged from about 5-22% (see Table I). It appears, however, that the most prevalent figure is around 5-6%. What the data reveals is quite a wide discrepancy between the proportion of TEC budgets devoted to youth training in general and Modern Apprenticeships in particular. This appears to be determined largely by local circumstances (and labour markets) and the policy decisions of the TECs themselves. Training in the workplace is monitored on a regular basis (usually quarterly) by a fairly diffuse range of organisations comprising: ITOs, awarding bodies (City and Guilds, RSA and so forth), contract managers employed by the TECs and training providers, and employers. In terms of monitoring the quality of Modern Apprenticeship training, most TECs did this largely through personal or team visits, plus some evaluation returns from apprentices and employers. The frequency of these monitoring visits varies from every 6-8 weeks, to quarterly, depending on the risk band of the sector. Interestingly, it was not 129
9 DAVID GRAY & MARK MORGAN clear from the returns what proportion of apprentices were visited, but perhaps revealingly, one TEC commented that it was 5 10% annually. Training and Enterprise Council TEC A TEC B TEC C TEC D TEC E TEC F Proportion of Annual Budget allocated to the provision of youth training 33% N/A 100% 50% 65% 56% Proportion of Annual budget allocated to the provision of Modern Apprenticeships 5-8% N/A Integral part of youth training 5% 6% 22% Table I. Percentage of TEC budgets devoted to youth training and Modern Apprenticeships. As far as the response of both employers and potential trainees to the Modern Apprenticeship scheme is concerned, views were quite mixed. TECs were asked to comment on the responses of local employers and trainees on a sliding scale from 1 to 10. In the case of only two of the six TECs were responses positive (and then only marginally) about both of these groups. Perhaps significantly both of these TECs were based in large, industrial conurbations. In terms of the commitment of employers to using the Modern Apprenticeships to generate high calibre training, most TECs believed that they were moderately keen. The one respondent who felt that employers were very keen on such training added the provisio that this depended on them not having to pay for it! This factor may be linked to the fact that few of the TECs contacted had any intention of linking Modern Apprenticeship training with NVQ levels 4 or 5, presumably one of the bases for establishing high quality training. One TEC commented that incentives are offered to employers to encourage continued developmental activity, but the bottom line is that it is the employer who is the TEC s customer, and not the apprentice. One difficulty, is that employers may be looking for more immediate solutions to their skills gap problems, whereas Modern Apprenticeships are perceived as rather long term. From the perspective of trainees themselves another TEC commented: MAs aim to provide industry with highly skilled people. Currently, there are more youngsters being encouraged by schools to remain in the 6th 130
10 MODERN APPRENTICESHIPS form than there are leaving school at 16. Of those who leave school, only a few have the true capacity to succeed in an MA. Until young people have equal access to information regarding all post-16 options, MAs will appear to be failing. Discussion It appears from the data that, in contrast to the apprenticeship schemes established in countries such as Germany, the United Kingdom system of Modern Apprenticeships is, at best, somewhat fragmented. Putting a positive gloss on it, it could be argued that the differing proportions of TEC annual budgets allocated to Modern Apprenticeship training across different regions reflect variations in local labour markets. There may also be a positive correlation between favourable attitudes to Modern Apprenticeships and the industrial density of the area covered by the TEC. Given the fact that most industrial workers live in the major conurbations, this may be a hopeful sign. It does appear, however, that currently, the sums allocated to the scheme are relatively small compared with the provision of youth training in general. Much of the latter, of course, is still devoted to the much criticised Youth Training Schemes. In this sense, United Kingdom training is still reactive and focused on unemployment schemes (Welfare to Work may be yet another example) rather than proactive and concentrating on skills development for the future. While it appears that in countries such as Germany, the emphasis is on quality in training, the United Kingdom is still struggling to move in this direction. Training schemes are certainly evaluated but there appear to be relatively weak formal structures in place. While the data here were incomplete, if the policy of one of the TECs is the norm and only 5-10% of trainees are visited, then this does raise some questions about the depth to which the schemes are monitored. Would one, for example, be so sanguine about this proportion of trainee teachers receiving formal visits from the training organisation to assess their teaching practice? Quality of training will also be determined by the skill level that is targeted. Here, one of the concerns of Unwin & Wellington (1995) was that if Modern Apprenticeships begin to attract large numbers of academically gifted young people, they might become a threat to school sixth forms and to further education colleges. It appears from the data, however, that the view of some of the TECs themselves is that they do not consider this to be the case, commenting on their own perception that most of those leaving school at 16 to enter work full-time, do not have the capacity to undertake a Modern Apprenticeship. If this is true, it is a sad reflection on the current pre-16 educational system. It could be the case, therefore, that, in contrast to, say, Germany, the United Kingdom is developing an academic (the A level gold standard ) culture, but not a training culture. 131
11 DAVID GRAY & MARK MORGAN Certainly, the survey seems to disappoint the hope expressed by Unwin & Wellington (1995), that the Modern Apprenticeship scheme would provide a reconstructed work-based alternative route to A levels for post-16 young people who do not want to remain in full-time education. It may also disappoint the hopes of Dearing (1996) for parity of esteem between education and training. Since, according to the evidence of the TECs in the survey, the response of both local employers and trainees to Modern Apprenticeships was rather mixed, this perception of the scheme may reflect real underlying difficulties in terms of funding and the quality of training. If this is the case, this may have serious long-term consequences for the United Kingdom economy. This raises a fundamental question about the underlying market philosophy upon which Modern Apprenticeships are based. Certainly, the recent work of Evans et al (1997) suggests that market forces cannot provide a sound basis for a workable national education and training system. They argue that a broad-based skills economy cannot be produced by full-time schooling and mass higher education alone, it also requires effective work-based education and training which embraces academic, vocational and practical elements. Conclusions If it is true that the United Kingdom economy requires highly skilled workers with adaptable and transferable skills, then Modern Apprenticeships may not, in their current form, be the answer. We have seen that the main organisers of Modern Apprenticeship schemes, TECs, are sceptical of the quality of young people applying for training. The intention is that 27% of apprentices will achieve NVQ level 3 (and even this may prove ambitious), whereas a highly skilled workforce will need at least a proportion of its workers achieving levels 4 or even 5. There is little evidence that this will happen. Furthermore, while it is still early days, the funding and scale of Modern Apprenticeships are nowhere near adequate to bridge the skills gap in the United Kingdom. In principle, money for YTS programmes may yet be channelled across into Modern Apprenticeships, but decisions here lie within individual TECs, and are therefore not nationally co-ordinated. The United Kingdom system is strongly influenced by the vagaries of the market and all that it implies in terms of the decisions of individual employers to take on trainees. However, it may also mean that some employers, with no track record of training, do take advantage of the scheme. As Brown & Evans (1994) show, unless access to pre-18 labour is restricted, there will always be unscrupulous employers willing to take advantage of cheap labour (as well as young people willing to offer it). Are Modern Apprenticeships the answer to the United Kingdom s skills gap? It seems likely that they may require much more robust 132
12 MODERN APPRENTICESHIPS financial backing and a national direction with an emphasis on quality. Only if these prerequisites are put in place, will Modern Apprenticeships make a contribution towards providing the United Kingdom with a labour force capable of competing on a international stage. Correspondence Dr David Gray, School of Educational Studies, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 5XH, United Kingdom. References Bash, L. & Green, A. (1995) Yearbook of Education: youth, education and work. London: Kogan Page. Brown, A. & Evans, K. (1994) Changing the training culture: lessons from Anglo-German comparisons of vocational education and training, British Journal of Education and Work, 7(2), pp Brown, A., Evans, K., Blackman, S. & Germon, S. (1994) Key Workers: technical and training mastery in the workplace. Bournemouth: Hyde Publications. Chitty, C. (1991) Post-16 Education: studies in access and achievement. London: Kogan Page. City and Guilds of London Institute (1996) City and Guilds Modern Apprenticeships London: City and Guilds of London Institute. Corney, M. (1994) A place for the modern apprentice, Training Tomorrow, February, pp Clarke, J. & Willis, P. (1984) Introduction, in I. Bates, J. Clarke, P. Cohn, D. Finn, R. Moore & P. Willis (Eds) Schooling for the Dole? The New Vocationalism. London: Macmillan. Dearing, R. (1996) Review of Qualifications for Year Olds: summary report. London: SCAA Publications. Esland, G. (1991) Education, Training and Employment. Wokingham: Addison-Wesley. Evans, K., Hodkinson, P., Keep, F., Maguire, M., Raffe, D., Rainbird, H., Senker, P. & Unwin, L. (1997) Working to Learn: a work-based route to learning for young people. London: Institute of Personnel and Development Gordon, J. (1995) An innovative approach to the comparison of qualifications in Europe: the regional perspective, European Journal of Education, 30, pp Hodkinson, P. & Sparks, A. C. (1995) Markets and vouchers: the inadequacy of individualist policies for vocational education and training in England and Wales, Journal of Education Policy, 10, pp National Curriculum Council Further Education Unit (1993) Curriculum Perspective: Education in Schools and Colleges, March York: National Curriculum Council. 133
13 DAVID GRAY & MARK MORGAN Soskice, D. (1994) United Kingdom s wrong turn on training, Financial Times, 6 January. Unwin, L. & Wellington, J. (1995) Reconstructing the work-based route: lessons from the modern apprenticeship, Journal of Vocational Education and Training, 47, pp Whiteside, T. (1992) The alliance and the shaping of the agenda, in T. Whiteside, A. Sutton & T. Everton (Eds) Changes in Education and Training, London: David Fulton. Widdecome, A. (1994) Modern Apprenticeships. An Introduction by Ann Widdecome MP, Under-Secretary of State for Employment, Newscheck, 4(8), June, p
AUTHORITATIVE SOURCES ADULT AND COMMUNITY LEARNING LEARNING PROGRAMMES
AUTHORITATIVE SOURCES ADULT AND COMMUNITY LEARNING LEARNING PROGRAMMES AUGUST 2001 Contents Sources 2 The White Paper Learning to Succeed 3 The Learning and Skills Council Prospectus 5 Post-16 Funding
More informationA European inventory on validation of non-formal and informal learning
A European inventory on validation of non-formal and informal learning Finland By Anne-Mari Nevala (ECOTEC Research and Consulting) ECOTEC Research & Consulting Limited Priestley House 12-26 Albert Street
More informationThe Isett Seta Career Guide 2010
The Isett Seta Career Guide 2010 Our Vision: The Isett Seta seeks to develop South Africa into an ICT knowledge-based society by encouraging more people to develop skills in this sector as a means of contributing
More informationUniversity of Essex Access Agreement
University of Essex Access Agreement Updated in August 2009 to include new tuition fee and bursary provision for 2010 entry 1. Context The University of Essex is academically a strong institution, with
More informationResearch Update. Educational Migration and Non-return in Northern Ireland May 2008
Research Update Educational Migration and Non-return in Northern Ireland May 2008 The Equality Commission for Northern Ireland (hereafter the Commission ) in 2007 contracted the Employment Research Institute
More informationInitial teacher training in vocational subjects
Initial teacher training in vocational subjects This report looks at the quality of initial teacher training in vocational subjects. Based on visits to the 14 providers that undertake this training, it
More informationEssex Apprenticeships in Engineering and Manufacturing
Host a fully funded Essex Apprentice Essex Apprenticeships in Engineering and Manufacturing be part of it with Essex County Council Working in Partnership Essex Apprenticeships - be part of it with Essex
More informationPost-16 transport to education and training. Statutory guidance for local authorities
Post-16 transport to education and training Statutory guidance for local authorities February 2014 Contents Summary 3 Key points 4 The policy landscape 4 Extent and coverage of the 16-18 transport duty
More informationChiltern Training Ltd.
Chiltern Training Ltd. Information Breakfast Session Agenda: Breakfast and Networking. Welcome Chiltern Training Courses Information Presentation. Evaluation and Networking. Chiltern Training Ltd Independent
More informationSummary and policy recommendations
Skills Beyond School Synthesis Report OECD 2014 Summary and policy recommendations The hidden world of professional education and training Post-secondary vocational education and training plays an under-recognised
More informationThis Access Agreement is for only, to align with the WPSA and in light of the Browne Review.
University of Essex Access Agreement 2011-12 The University of Essex Access Agreement has been updated in October 2010 to include new tuition fee and bursary provision for 2011 entry and account for the
More informationINSTRUCTION MANUAL. Survey of Formal Education
INSTRUCTION MANUAL Survey of Formal Education Montreal, January 2016 1 CONTENT Page Introduction... 4 Section 1. Coverage of the survey... 5 A. Formal initial education... 6 B. Formal adult education...
More informationEducation in Armenia. Mher Melik-Baxshian I. INTRODUCTION
Education in Armenia Mher Melik-Baxshian I. INTRODUCTION Education has always received priority in Armenia a country that has a history of literacy going back 1,600 years. From the very beginning the school
More informationUPPER SECONDARY CURRICULUM OPTIONS AND LABOR MARKET PERFORMANCE: EVIDENCE FROM A GRADUATES SURVEY IN GREECE
UPPER SECONDARY CURRICULUM OPTIONS AND LABOR MARKET PERFORMANCE: EVIDENCE FROM A GRADUATES SURVEY IN GREECE Stamatis Paleocrassas, Panagiotis Rousseas, Vassilia Vretakou Pedagogical Institute, Athens Abstract
More informationExploring the Development of Students Generic Skills Development in Higher Education Using A Web-based Learning Environment
Exploring the Development of Students Generic Skills Development in Higher Education Using A Web-based Learning Environment Ron Oliver, Jan Herrington, Edith Cowan University, 2 Bradford St, Mt Lawley
More informationTHE QUEEN S SCHOOL Whole School Pay Policy
The Queen s Church of England Primary School Encouraging every child to reach their full potential, nurtured and supported in a Christian community which lives by the values of Love, Compassion and Respect.
More informationGCSE English Language 2012 An investigation into the outcomes for candidates in Wales
GCSE English Language 2012 An investigation into the outcomes for candidates in Wales Qualifications and Learning Division 10 September 2012 GCSE English Language 2012 An investigation into the outcomes
More informationCelebrating 25 Years of Access to HE
Celebrating 25 Years of Access to HE The Access to HE Diploma The Access to HE Diploma is designed to provide academic preparation for higher education study for adults who, because of social, educational
More informationDirector, Intelligent Mobility Design Centre
ROYAL COLLEGE OF ART ROLE DESCRIPTION Post: Department: Senior Research Fellow Intelligent Mobility Design Centre Grade: 10 Responsible to: Director, Intelligent Mobility Design Centre Background The Royal
More informationThe views of Step Up to Social Work trainees: cohort 1 and cohort 2
The views of Step Up to Social Work trainees: cohort 1 and cohort 2 Research report January 2014 Dr Mary Baginsky and Professor Jill Manthorpe - Social Care Workforce Research Unit, King s College, London
More informationBASIC EDUCATION IN GHANA IN THE POST-REFORM PERIOD
BASIC EDUCATION IN GHANA IN THE POST-REFORM PERIOD By Abena D. Oduro Centre for Policy Analysis Accra November, 2000 Please do not Quote, Comments Welcome. ABSTRACT This paper reviews the first stage of
More informationCENTRE FOR ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE DISCUSSION PAPER NO July 1997
CENTRE FOR ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE DISCUSSION PAPER NO. 353 July 1997 RECENT TRENDS IN ENGINEERING AND CONSTRUCTION SKILL FORMATION UK AND GERMANY COMPARED H. STEEDMAN ABSTRACT Accurate accounting for annual
More informationThe recognition, evaluation and accreditation of European Postgraduate Programmes.
1 The recognition, evaluation and accreditation of European Postgraduate Programmes. Sue Lawrence and Nol Reverda Introduction The validation of awards and courses within higher education has traditionally,
More informationSenior Research Fellow, Intelligent Mobility Design Centre
ROYAL COLLEGE OF ART JOB DESCRIPTION Post: Department: Post-doctoral Research Associate Intelligent Mobility Design Centre Grade: 7 Responsible to: Senior Research Fellow, Intelligent Mobility Design Centre
More informationVOCATIONAL EDUCATION AND TRAINING THROUGH ONE S LIFETIME
VOCATIONAL EDUCATION AND TRAINING THROUGH ONE S LIFETIME NEW APPROACHES AND IMPLEMENTATION - AUSTRALIA Paper presented to the KRIVET international conference on VET, Seoul, Republic of Korea October 2002
More informationCurriculum Policy. November Independent Boarding and Day School for Boys and Girls. Royal Hospital School. ISI reference.
Curriculum Policy Independent Boarding and Day School for Boys and Girls Royal Hospital School November 2017 ISI reference Key author Reviewing body Approval body Approval frequency 2a Director of Curriculum,
More informationRCPCH MMC Cohort Study (Part 4) March 2016
RCPCH MMC Cohort Study (Part 4) March 2016 Acknowledgements Dr Simon Clark, Officer for Workforce Planning, RCPCH Dr Carol Ewing, Vice President Health Services, RCPCH Dr Daniel Lumsden, Former Chair,
More informationNavitas UK Holdings Ltd Embedded College Review for Educational Oversight by the Quality Assurance Agency for Higher Education
Navitas UK Holdings Ltd Embedded College Review for Educational Oversight by the Quality Assurance Agency for Higher Education February 2014 Annex: Birmingham City University International College Introduction
More informationDual Training at a Glance
Dual Training at a Glance Dual Training at a Glance 1 Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) Mission: Education Research Overall responsibility for vocational training within the Federal Government
More informationQualification handbook
Qualification handbook BIIAB Level 3 Award in 601/5960/1 Version 1 April 2015 Table of Contents 1. About the BIIAB Level 3 Award in... 1 2. About this pack... 2 3. BIIAB Customer Service... 2 4. What are
More informationTRAVEL & TOURISM CAREER GUIDE. a world of career opportunities
TRAVEL & TOURISM CAREER GUIDE CULTURE, ARTS, TOURISM, HOSPITALITY & SPORT SECTOR EDUCATION & TRAINING AUTHORITY (CATHSSETA) a world of career opportunities (011) 217 0600 www.cathsseta.org.za 1 Newton
More informationApprenticeships in. Teaching Support
Apprenticeships in Teaching Support Apprentices: a class act Apprentices can make a real difference in educational settings. College has been winning top marks for its approach to training a new generation
More information2007 No. xxxx EDUCATION, ENGLAND. The Further Education Teachers Qualifications (England) Regulations 2007
Please note: these Regulations are draft - they have been made but are still subject to Parliamentary Approval. They S T A T U T O R Y I N S T R U M E N T S 2007 No. xxxx EDUCATION, ENGLAND The Further
More informationOCR Teaching in the Lifelong Learning Sector Qualification Units
OCR Teaching in the Lifelong Learning Sector Qualification Units Unit 25 Level 5 Developing and Managing Resources within the Lifelong Learning Sector Level 5 QCA Accreditation Number J/500/9902 Unit description
More informationQualification Guidance
Qualification Guidance For awarding organisations Award in Education and Training (QCF) Updated May 2013 Contents Glossary... 2 Section 1 Introduction 1.1 Purpose of this document... 3 1.2 How to use this
More informationHow does an Apprenticeship work?
How does an Apprenticeship work? What is the structure of an apprenticeship? An apprenticeship is a framework made up of four different elements: Technical Certificate/VRQ (Vocational Related Qualification)
More informationProgramme Specification
Programme Specification Title: Journalism (War and International Human Rights) Final Award: Master of Arts (MA) With Exit Awards at: Postgraduate Certificate (PG Cert) Postgraduate Diploma (PG Dip) Master
More informationProgramme Specification. MSc in International Real Estate
Programme Specification MSc in International Real Estate IRE GUIDE OCTOBER 2014 ROYAL AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, CIRENCESTER PROGRAMME SPECIFICATION MSc International Real Estate NB The information contained
More informationYoung Enterprise Tenner Challenge
Young Enterprise Tenner Challenge Evaluation Report 2014/15 Supported by Young Enterprise Our vision we want every young person in the UK to leave education with the knowledge, skills and attitudes to
More informationPost-16 Vocational Education and Training in Denmark
REPORT FROM THE INSPECTORATE Post-16 Vocational Education and Training in Denmark International Report May 1994 THE FURTHER EDUCATION FUNDING COUNCIL ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The detailed arrangements for the
More informationHARPER ADAMS UNIVERSITY Programme Specification
HARPER ADAMS UNIVERSITY Programme Specification 1 Awarding Institution: Harper Adams University 2 Teaching Institution: Askham Bryan College 3 Course Accredited by: Not Applicable 4 Final Award and Level:
More informationANALYSIS: LABOUR MARKET SUCCESS OF VOCATIONAL AND HIGHER EDUCATION GRADUATES
ANALYSIS: LABOUR MARKET SUCCESS OF VOCATIONAL AND HIGHER EDUCATION GRADUATES Authors: Ingrid Jaggo, Mart Reinhold & Aune Valk, Analysis Department of the Ministry of Education and Research I KEY CONCLUSIONS
More informationGeneral study plan for third-cycle programmes in Sociology
Date of adoption: 07/06/2017 Ref. no: 2017/3223-4.1.1.2 Faculty of Social Sciences Third-cycle education at Linnaeus University is regulated by the Swedish Higher Education Act and Higher Education Ordinance
More informationIntroduction. Background. Social Work in Europe. Volume 5 Number 3
12 The Development of the MACESS Post-graduate Programme for the Social Professions in Europe: The Hogeschool Maastricht/ University of North London Experience Sue Lawrence and Nol Reverda The authors
More informationGreek Teachers Attitudes toward the Inclusion of Students with Special Educational Needs
American Journal of Educational Research, 2014, Vol. 2, No. 4, 208-218 Available online at http://pubs.sciepub.com/education/2/4/6 Science and Education Publishing DOI:10.12691/education-2-4-6 Greek Teachers
More informationBriefing document CII Continuing Professional Development (CPD) scheme.
Briefing document CII Continuing Professional Development (CPD) scheme www.thepfs.org 2 Contents 3 What is Continuing Professional Development > 4 Who needs to complete the CII CPD scheme > 5 What does
More informationPUPIL PREMIUM POLICY
PUPIL PREMIUM POLICY 2017-2018 Reviewed September 2017 1 CONTENTS 1. OUR ACADEMY 2. THE PUPIL PREMIUM 3. PURPOSE OF THE PUPIL PREMIUM POLICY 4. HOW WE WILL MAKE DECISIONS REGARDING THE USE OF THE PUPIL
More informationThe Incentives to Enhance Teachers Teaching Profession: An Empirical Study in Hong Kong Primary Schools
Social Science Today Volume 1, Issue 1 (2014), 37-43 ISSN 2368-7169 E-ISSN 2368-7177 Published by Science and Education Centre of North America The Incentives to Enhance Teachers Teaching Profession: An
More informationExecutive Summary. Laurel County School District. Dr. Doug Bennett, Superintendent 718 N Main St London, KY
Dr. Doug Bennett, Superintendent 718 N Main St London, KY 40741-1222 Document Generated On January 13, 2014 TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction 1 Description of the School System 2 System's Purpose 4 Notable
More informationPROPOSAL FOR NEW UNDERGRADUATE PROGRAM. Institution Submitting Proposal. Degree Designation as on Diploma. Title of Proposed Degree Program
PROPOSAL FOR NEW UNDERGRADUATE PROGRAM Institution Submitting Proposal Degree Designation as on Diploma Title of Proposed Degree Program EEO Status CIP Code Academic Unit (e.g. Department, Division, School)
More informationI set out below my response to the Report s individual recommendations.
Written Response to the Enterprise and Business Committee s Report on Science, Technology, Engineering and Maths (STEM) Skills by the Minister for Education and Skills November 2014 I would like to set
More informationAssessment and national report of Poland on the existing training provisions of professionals in the Healthcare Waste Management industry REPORT: III
Assessment and national report of Poland on the existing training provisions of professionals in the Healthcare Waste Management industry REPORT: III DEVELOPING AN EU STANDARDISED APPROACH TO VOCATIONAL
More informationSummary Report. ECVET Agent Exploration Study. Prepared by Meath Partnership February 2015
Summary Report ECVET Agent Exploration Study Prepared by Meath Partnership February 2015 The European Commission support for the production of this publication does not constitute an endorsement of the
More informationFoundation Apprenticeship in IT Software
FOUNDATION APPRENTICESHIPS IN ICT AND DIGITAL Foundation Apprenticeship in IT Software At: City of Glasgow College & Glasgow Clyde College Information Pack APPRENTICESHIPS.SCOT/FOUNDATION Foundation Apprenticeship
More informationThe International Coach Federation (ICF) Global Consumer Awareness Study
www.pwc.com The International Coach Federation (ICF) Global Consumer Awareness Study Summary of the Main Regional Results and Variations Fort Worth, Texas Presentation Structure 2 Research Overview 3 Research
More informationThis Access Agreement is for only, to align with the WPSA and in light of the Browne Review.
University of Essex Access Agreement 2011-12 The University of Essex Access Agreement has been updated in October 2010 to include new tuition fee and bursary provision for 2011 entry and account for the
More informationHigher education is becoming a major driver of economic competitiveness
Executive Summary Higher education is becoming a major driver of economic competitiveness in an increasingly knowledge-driven global economy. The imperative for countries to improve employment skills calls
More informationGuidance on the University Health and Safety Management System
Newcastle University Safety Office 1 Kensington Terrace Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU Tel 0191 222 6274 University Safety Policy Guidance Guidance on the University Health and Safety Management System Document
More informationCONFERENCE PAPER NCVER. What has been happening to vocational education and training diplomas and advanced diplomas? TOM KARMEL
CONFERENCE PAPER NCVER What has been happening to vocational education and training diplomas and advanced diplomas? TOM KARMEL NATIONAL CENTRE FOR VOCATIONAL EDUCATION RESEARCH Paper presented to the National
More informationCertificate III in Business (BSB30115)
Certificate III in Business (BSB30115) Campus: 2B Staley Street, Brunswick, VIC, 3056 Administration office: Suite 2, 339-345 Mitcham Road, Mitcham, VIC, 3132 Phone: 1800 244 438 FAX: (03) 9388 2111 Email:
More informationDual Training in Germany and the Role of Unions
Dual Training in Germany and the Role of Unions Kathrin Biegner October 18, 2017 Deutscher Gewerkschaftsbund: German Trade Union Confederation Political umbrella organization for 8 German trade unions
More informationInformation Pack: Exams Officer. Abbey College Cambridge
Information Pack: Exams Officer 1 To be a community energized by a love of learning and the pursuit of outstanding achievement for all Each individual student achieves excellence by achieving significant
More informationAssociate Professor of Electrical Power Systems Engineering (CAE17/06RA) School of Creative Arts and Engineering / Engineering
Job Description General Details Job title: School/Department Normal Workbase: Tenure: Hours/FT: Grade/Salary: Associate Professor of lectrical Power Systems ngineering (CA17/06RA) School of Creative Arts
More informationteaching issues 4 Fact sheet Generic skills Context The nature of generic skills
Fact sheet Generic skills teaching issues 4 These fact sheets have been developed by the AMEP Research Centre to provide AMEP teachers with information on areas of professional concern. They provide a
More informationPROPOSED MERGER - RESPONSE TO PUBLIC CONSULTATION
PROPOSED MERGER - RESPONSE TO PUBLIC CONSULTATION Paston Sixth Form College and City College Norwich Vision for the future of outstanding Post-16 Education in North East Norfolk Date of Issue: 22 September
More informationDICE - Final Report. Project Information Project Acronym DICE Project Title
DICE - Final Report Project Information Project Acronym DICE Project Title Digital Communication Enhancement Start Date November 2011 End Date July 2012 Lead Institution London School of Economics and
More informationA Note on Structuring Employability Skills for Accounting Students
A Note on Structuring Employability Skills for Accounting Students Jon Warwick and Anna Howard School of Business, London South Bank University Correspondence Address Jon Warwick, School of Business, London
More informationVOCATIONAL QUALIFICATION IN YOUTH AND LEISURE INSTRUCTION 2009
Requirements for Vocational Qualifications VOCATIONAL QUALIFICATION IN YOUTH AND LEISURE INSTRUCTION 2009 Regulation 17/011/2009 Publications 2013:4 Publications 2013:4 Requirements for Vocational Qualifications
More informationDigital Transformation in Education. Future-Ready Skills
Digital Transformation in Education Future-Ready Skills 1 Table of contents Introduction 3 Real-world success 9 Building Future-Ready Skills 4 Get started 11 Future-Ready Solutions 5 Sources 12 The Microsoft
More informationProviding Feedback to Learners. A useful aide memoire for mentors
Providing Feedback to Learners A useful aide memoire for mentors January 2013 Acknowledgments Our thanks go to academic and clinical colleagues who have helped to critique and add to this document and
More informationPearson BTEC Level 3 Award in Education and Training
Pearson BTEC Level 3 Award in Education and Training Specification BTEC Specialist qualification First teaching September 2013 Issue 3 Edexcel, BTEC and LCCI qualifications Edexcel, BTEC and LCCI qualifications
More informationCHAPTER XXIV JAMES MADISON MEMORIAL FELLOWSHIP FOUNDATION
CHAPTER XXIV JAMES MADISON MEMORIAL FELLOWSHIP FOUNDATION Part Page 2400 Fellowship Program requirements... 579 2490 Enforcement of nondiscrimination on the basis of handicap in programs or activities
More informationInterview on Quality Education
Interview on Quality Education President European University Association (EUA) Ultimately, education is what should allow students to grow, learn, further develop, and fully play their role as active citizens
More informationMaster s Programme in European Studies
Programme syllabus for the Master s Programme in European Studies 120 higher education credits Second Cycle Confirmed by the Faculty Board of Social Sciences 2015-03-09 2 1. Degree Programme title and
More informationTeacher of Art & Design (Maternity Cover)
Teacher of Art & Design (Maternity Cover) Closing date: Monday 27th November 2017 Application Pack Click for Website Furze Platt Road, Maidenhead, Berkshire SL6 7NQ Email: office@furzeplatt.com Website:
More informationPrincipal vacancies and appointments
Principal vacancies and appointments 2009 10 Sally Robertson New Zealand Council for Educational Research NEW ZEALAND COUNCIL FOR EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH TE RŪNANGA O AOTEAROA MŌ TE RANGAHAU I TE MĀTAURANGA
More informationSpecial Educational Needs and Disabilities Policy Taverham and Drayton Cluster
Special Educational Needs and Disabilities Policy Taverham and Drayton Cluster Drayton Infant School Drayton CE Junior School Ghost Hill Infant School & Nursery Nightingale First School Taverham VC CE
More informationTHE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF THE UNIVERSITY OF EXETER
THE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF THE UNIVERSITY OF EXETER Report prepared by Viewforth Consulting Ltd www.viewforthconsulting.co.uk Table of Contents Executive Summary... 2 Background to the Study... 6 Data Sources
More informationTeaching Excellence Framework
Teaching Excellence Framework Role specification: Subject Pilot and Year Three Panel members and assessors 13 September 2017 Contents Background... 2 Introduction... 2 Application process... 3 Subject
More informationCARDIFF UNIVERSITY OF WALES UNITED KINGDOM. Christine Daniels 1. CONTEXT: DIFFERENCES BETWEEN WALES AND OTHER SYSTEMS
CARDIFF UNIVERSITY OF WALES UNITED KINGDOM Christine Daniels 1. CONTEXT: DIFFERENCES BETWEEN WALES AND OTHER SYSTEMS Cardiff is one of Britain s major universities, with its own Royal Charter and a history
More information2 di 7 29/06/
2 di 7 29/06/2011 9.09 Preamble The General Conference of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, meeting at Paris from 17 October 1989 to 16 November 1989 at its twenty-fifth
More informationAccounting & Financial Management
Accounting & Financial Management Your Guide to Academic and Professional Success School Leaver with minimum 3 x C at A-Level or equivalent and IELTS of 6.0 2-year undergraduate degree programme at the
More informationGCSE Results: What Next? Ü Ü. Norfolk County Council. Are your results better or worse than expected?
Norfolk County Council GCSE Results: What Next? u v Are your results better or worse than expected? Do you need to change your plans or consider different options? Ü Ü Don t panic or feel that you are
More informationThe Netherlands. Jeroen Huisman. Introduction
4 The Netherlands Jeroen Huisman Introduction Looking solely at the legislation, one could claim that the Dutch higher education system has been officially known as a binary system since 1986. At that
More informationProgramme Specification. BSc (Hons) RURAL LAND MANAGEMENT
Programme Specification BSc (Hons) RURAL LAND MANAGEMENT D GUIDE SEPTEMBER 2016 ROYAL AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, CIRENCESTER PROGRAMME SPECIFICATION BSc (Hons) RURAL LAND MANAGEMENT NB The information contained
More informationNottingham Trent University Course Specification
Nottingham Trent University Course Specification Basic Course Information 1. Awarding Institution: Nottingham Trent University 2. School/Campus: Nottingham Business School / City 3. Final Award, Course
More informationCOMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES RECOMMENDATION OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL
EN EN EN COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES Brussels, 9.4.2008 COM(2008) 180 final 2008/0070 (COD) RECOMMENDATION OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL on the establishment of the European
More informationDeveloping an Assessment Plan to Learn About Student Learning
Developing an Assessment Plan to Learn About Student Learning By Peggy L. Maki, Senior Scholar, Assessing for Learning American Association for Higher Education (pre-publication version of article that
More informationHigher Education Review of University of Hertfordshire
Higher Education Review of University of Hertfordshire December 2015 Contents About this review... 1 Key findings... 2 QAA's judgements about the University of Hertfordshire... 2 Good practice... 2 Affirmation
More informationEffect of Cognitive Apprenticeship Instructional Method on Auto-Mechanics Students
Effect of Cognitive Apprenticeship Instructional Method on Auto-Mechanics Students Abubakar Mohammed Idris Department of Industrial and Technology Education School of Science and Science Education, Federal
More informationGeneral syllabus for third-cycle courses and study programmes in
ÖREBRO UNIVERSITY This is a translation of a Swedish document. In the event of a discrepancy, the Swedishlanguage version shall prevail. General syllabus for third-cycle courses and study programmes in
More informationPupil Premium Impact Assessment
Pupil Premium Impact Assessment 2015-16 Overview The Pupil Premium was introduced in April 2011. The eligibility criteria and the sums allocated often change each year. In 2015-16 it was given to schools
More informationEUROPEAN UNIVERSITIES LOOKING FORWARD WITH CONFIDENCE PRAGUE DECLARATION 2009
EUROPEAN UNIVERSITIES LOOKING FORWARD WITH CONFIDENCE PRAGUE DECLARATION 2009 Copyright 2009 by the European University Association All rights reserved. This information may be freely used and copied for
More informationPROJECT DESCRIPTION SLAM
PROJECT DESCRIPTION SLAM STUDENT LEADERSHIP ADVANCEMENT MOBILITY 1 Introduction The SLAM project, or Student Leadership Advancement Mobility project, started as collaboration between ENAS (European Network
More informationTeacher of English. MPS/UPS Information for Applicants
Teacher of English MPS/UPS Information for Applicants Start date : Easter or September 2018 Weavers Academy Striving for success, focusing on learning Dear Applicant Thank you for showing an interest in
More informationCONSULTATION ON THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE COMPETENCY STANDARD FOR LICENSED IMMIGRATION ADVISERS
CONSULTATION ON THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE COMPETENCY STANDARD FOR LICENSED IMMIGRATION ADVISERS Introduction Background 1. The Immigration Advisers Licensing Act 2007 (the Act) requires anyone giving advice
More informationIMPACTFUL, QUANTIFIABLE AND TRANSFORMATIONAL?
IMPACTFUL, QUANTIFIABLE AND TRANSFORMATIONAL? EVALUATION OF THE IMPROVING QUALITY TOGETHER (IQT) NATIONAL LEARNING PROGRAMME Report for 1000 Lives Improvement Service, Public Health Wales Mark Llewellyn,
More informationSpecification. BTEC Specialist qualifications. Edexcel BTEC Level 1 Award/Certificate/Extended Certificate in Construction Skills (QCF)
Specification BTEC Specialist qualifications Edexcel BTEC Level 1 Award/Certificate/Extended Certificate in Construction Skills (QCF) Supplementary information For first teaching September 2010 Edexcel,
More informationThis Access Agreement covers all relevant University provision delivered on-campus or in our UK partner institutions.
UNIVERSITY OF HERTFORDSHIRE ACCESS AGREEMENT 2011/12 1 Overview The University of Hertfordshire has a strong track record of success in raising aspirations and thus in widening participation. This is amply
More informationDeveloping a Language for Assessing Creativity: a taxonomy to support student learning and assessment
Investigations in university teaching and learning vol. 5 (1) autumn 2008 ISSN 1740-5106 Developing a Language for Assessing Creativity: a taxonomy to support student learning and assessment Janette Harris
More information