YOCOCU. contribute and role of youth in conservation of cultural heritage

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1 YOCOCU contribute and role of youth in conservation of cultural heritage Edited by Andrea Macchia Enrico Greco Biagia Antonella Chiarandà Nicoletta Barbabietola IA-CS Italian Association of Conservation Scientists

2 IA-CS Italian Association of Conservation Scientists in collaboration with Research Center La Sapienza for Applied Sciences in Environmental Protection and Cultural Heritage C.N.R. Institute of Nanostructured Materials, Palermo Research Division Young Group of the Italian Chemical Society Archeomatica the Italian journal on Cultural Heritage Technologies Thermo Scientific IA-CS Special thanks to

3 Copyright 2011 by Italian Association of Conservation Scientist - Rome first edition, May 2011 Edited by Andrea Macchia, Enrico Greco, Biagia Antonella Chiarandà, Nicoletta Barbabietola Publisher Centro Interdisciplinare di Ricerca per le Scienze Applicate alla Protezione dell Ambiente e dei Beni Culturali Ateneo La Sapienza, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 5, 00185, Rome Graphic project and pagination by B. A. Chiarandà, E. Greco artigrafichecatania@gmail.com Printing by De Vittoria S.r.l. via degli Aurunci, 21, , Roma Cover image by Cinzia Traino ISBN:

4 YOCOCU contribute and role of youth in conservation of cultural heritage Edited by Andrea Macchia Enrico Greco Biagia Antonella Chiarandà Nicoletta Barbabietola IA-CS Italian Association of Conservation Scientist

5 YOCOCU 10 Scientific Committee Luigi Campanella Maria Pia Casaletto Henry A. DePhillips Jr. Enrico Ciliberto Ernesto Borrelli Marisa Laurenzi Tabasso Silvia Prati Lorenzo Appolonia Guido Meli Maria Pia Spanò Sergio Tinè Luciana Cestari Sapienza University of Rome C.N.R. Institute of Nanostructured Materials, Palermo Research Division Trinity College, Hartford University of Catania Istituto Superiore per la Conservazione ed il Restauro, ISCR, Rome Sapienza University of Rome University of Bologna, Microchemistry and Microscopy Art Diagnostic Laboratory, M2MADL Italian Group of International Institute for Conservation of Historic and Artistic Works, IIC Director of Centro Regionale per la Progettazione ed il Restauro CRPR, Palermo Centro Regionale per la Progettazione ed il Restauro, CRPR, Palermo President of forum DONNA LUCIANA Organizing Committee of YOCOCU meeting - Palermo, May 24 th - 26 th 2010 Maria Francesca Alberghina Nicoletta Barbabietola Ernesto Borrelli Alessandra Carollo Maria Pia Casaletto Enrico Greco Andrea Macchia Silvia Prati Fernanda Prestileo Daniela Rullo Giuseppe Salvaggio Salvatore Schiavone Maria Pia Spanò IA-CS and University of Palermo IA-CS Istituto Superiore per la Conservazione ed il Restauro, ISCR, Rome IA-CS C.N.R. Institute of Nanostructured Materials, Palermo Research Division IA-CS and University of Catania IA-CS and Sapienza University of Rome University of Bologna, Microchemistry and Microscopy Art Diagnostic Laboratory, M2MADL Centro Regionale per la Progettazione ed il Restauro, CRPR, Palermo Italian Group of International Institute for Conservation of Historic and Artistic Works, IIC IA-CS IA-CS and University of Palermo Centro Regionale per la Progettazione ed il Restauro, CRPR, Palermo

6 INDEX Preface p. XI Presentation» XV Organic materials and textiles Microbial degradation of historical textile objects Katja Kavkler, Nina Gunde Cimerman, Polona Zalar, Andrej Demšar» 1 Can anoxic conditions prevent fading of dyes? Focus on indigo with the use of UV-VIS, FT-IR, XRF and Raman techniques Monika Koperska, Tomasz Łojewski, Joanna Łojewska» 13 New antioxidants systems for stabilization of ink damaged paper Olga Darčanova, Birutė Sivakova, Aldona Beganskienė, Aivaras Kareiva» 25 Reading between the lines of ancient manuscripts Giovanna Piantanida, Armida Sodo, Michela Monti, Marina Bicchieri» 33 Magnetic and optical supports for preservation. Problems and perspective Aldo Corazza, Franco Liberati, Giovanni Marinucci, Matteo Placido, Maria Teresa Tanasi» 39 Solid state NMR characterization of the waterlogged wooden part of Acqualadrone roman rostrum Stella Bastone, Alberto Spinella, Manuela Romagnoli, Cecilia A. Buccellato, Eugenio Caponetti» 49 On the identification of organic materials in painting cross sections by means of ToF-SIMS Donata Magrini, Francesca Benetti, Giuseppe De Giosa» 59 The research and conservation of archaeological textiles kept at the National Museum of History of Azerbaijan Fariz S. Khalilli» 69 V

7 Scientific researches on historical photographic materials Lorena Botti, Aldo Corazza, Matteo Placido, Luciano Residori, Daniele Ruggiero Termite control with low environmental impact method for the conservation of cultural heritage Mauro Colapicchioni, Giovanna Pasquariello, Italo Tigliè, Mario Marini, Roberto Ferrari» 73» 83 Glass and Ceramics Issues in the conservation of a glass icon. Case study: Ana Deji, the anguished mother of god (tempera on glass, the 20 th century) Ioan Paul Colta» 91 The browning of stained glass windows: characterization of Mncorrosion bodies and evaluation of cleaning methods Simone Cagno, Gert Nuyts, Kristel de Vis, Joost Caen, Willy Van Mol, Evi Bongaers, Bart Pauvels, Koen Janssens» 99 Ceramic of Caltagirone: from production to archaeometric characterization Anna Maria Gueli, Emanuele Nicastro, Antonella Privitera, Giuseppe Stella, Sebastiano Olindo Troja» 107 Some considerations about the methodological approach for the archaeometric study of glass Chiara Letizia Serra, Alberta Silvestri, Gianmario Molin» 119 Metals and Stones Characterization and thermodynamic interpretation of ancient gold refining processes based on a dioscorides recipe Daniela Ferro, Sergio Brutti, David R. Loepp, Angela Celauro» 131 Treatments for recovering the original chromatism of coloured stones Ilaria Nicolini, Anna Maria Mecchi, Susanna Bracci» 141 VI

8 Complementarity of the XRF and LIBS analyses in the conservation science: the case studies of the bronze alloys Maria Francesca Alberghina, Rosita Barraco, Maria Brai, Tiziano Schillaci, Luigi Tranchina» 153 Conservation of copper alloys artifacts from archaeological excavation Maura Mereu, Vilma Basilissi, Giuseppe Guida, Massimo Vidale, Maria Pia Casaletto, Gabriel Maria Ingo, Luciana Drago, Enrico Greco» 163 Inversion tests on ultrasonic tomography data Patrizia Capizzi, Pietro L. Cosentino, Salvatore Schiavone» 177 Characterization of degradation in crypts Delia D Agostino, Rosella Cataldo, Stefano Siviero» 183 A new preparation method of nanolime dispersion for the conservation of artworks Giorgio Nasillo, Maria Luisa Saladino, Delia Chillura Martino, Irene Natali, Luigi Dei, Eugenio Caponetti» 195 Evaluation of Carboxylate-based Coatings for the Protection of Copper and Copper Alloys Alice Elia, Mark Dowsett, Gareth Jones, Annemie Adriaens» 203 From waste to art and archaeology: polystyrene films as an innovative tool for protection of metallic artefacts Francesca Giambi, Luigi Dei, Piero Baglioni» 213 Laser Ablation coupled to Mass Spectrometry (LAMS) applied to the Cultural Heritage Alfio Torrisi, Lorenzo Giuffrida, Francesco Caridi, Tiziana Serafino, Eligio Daniele Castrizio, Guglielmo Mondio, Lorenzo Torrisi» 223 Contribution of Total Suspended Particulate (TSP) to the formation of black crusts on building materials in urban enviroment of Sicily (Italy) Luciana Randazzo» 231 Electrical measurements for the evaluation of water presence in stones Fabiana Consalvi, Giovanni E. Gigante, Franco Meddi» 241 VII

9 Selection of microbial strains for the development of a biocleaning procedure for shellac removal from Artwork surfaces Nicoletta Barbabietola, Chiara Alisi, Flavia Tasso, Michela Grimaldi, Salvatore Chiavarini, Carla Ubaldi, Paola Marconi, Brunella Perito, Anna Rosa Sprocati» 247 Stone restoration at Stelea Curch, Târgovişte Romania, after biodegradation occurred due to the modernization of the monument Veronica Burtea, Oana Chachula» 255 Spectrophotometric investigations at the museum: monitoring of colour changes during differentiated cleaning of the marble statues Maria Francesca Alberghina, Salvatore Schiavone, Fernanda Prestileo, Ermanno Cacciatore, Lorella Pellegrino, Donato Perrone» 267 Artificial patina in experimental archaeology Luigi Campanella, Barbara De Filippo, Daniela Ferro, Stefano Natali, Marcella Guiso, Andrea Brotzu» 281 Analytical characterization of plasters and stones coming from the 19 th century Palazzo Fragapane in Grammichele Fernanda Cantone, Enrico Ciliberto, Enrico Greco, Salvatore La Delfa, Gabriella Murgana» 297 Pigments and Paintings Green pigments: tradition and modernity in painting according to Portuguese 19 th century technical literature Sónia Barros dos Santos, António João Cruz» 307 Spectroscopy studies on conservation issues in modern and contemporary art paintings Joana Domingues, Francesca Rosi, Grazia De Cesare, Costanza Miliani» 319 Identification of protein content in the gypsum painting support by FTIR spectroscopy, PCA and neural network Elena Rogoz, Olimpia-Hinamatsuri Barbu» 329 VIII

10 Mesoamerican mural paintings. Physico chemical characterization of materials and application of calcium hydroxide nanoparticles for consolidation Lorenza Bernini Investigation the history and consequences of past restoration interventions on frescos the case of baroque paintings of Giulio Quaglio in Ljubljana Mateja Neža Sitar» 337» 343 Wall painting of the Castiglioni college chapel: preparatory investigations for restoration work. A material study of the pictorial display Marco Simone Grandi, Chiara Zanchi, Camilla Irine Mura, Pietro Galinetto, Maurizio Licchelli, Maria Pia Riccardi» 353 Characterization of plaster and stucco paintings from the Basilica of Santa Maria Maggiore in Trento Silvia Minghelli, Pietro Baraldi, Maria Teresa Guaitoli» 361 Problem of illumination of cultural heritage: the case of realgar Andrea Macchia, Giorgia Roscioli, Enrico Greco, Luigi Campanella, Adriana Maras» 369 Polyvinyl alcohol hydrogels for cleaning works of art: recent developments Irene Natali, Emiliano Carretti, Lora Angelova, Richard G. Weiss, Luigi Dei, Piero Baglioni» 377 Cultural experiences Shaping the meaning of the dwellings inscribed on the world heritage list Hsiu-jui Lin» 383 Analytical investigations in Ostia: Porta Marina (Rome) Giacomo A. Orofino, Marcello Turci» 393 IX

11 The place of medieval town of Shamkir in our cultural heritage protection Huseynli Namiq, Rasul Mirzoev» 403 Cultural Heritage Protection, Preservation and Development in Historical Centres of Modern Towns in Context of Kuldiga, Europe and Nordic Countries Jana Jākobsone, Ivars Strautmanis» 413 Excavation, conservation and utilization of the archaeological sites in Azerbaijan Jeyhun Eminli, Ulviyya Imamverdiyeva» 425 The past reborn. Digital restitution of the archaeological site of Polizzello Alessandro Fiamingo, Enrico Greco, Emanuele Sangregorio, Riccardo Giovanni Urso» 433 The diagnostics in the field of Cultural Heritage: high school students first experiences Salvatore La Delfa, Pamela Costanzo, Marzia Canonico, Alessandra Corso, Marika Lanzafame, Monica Mangiafico, Houda Nazih» 439 Analysis of the Architectural heritage of El-Mansoura city, Egypt towards urban conservation approach Mohamed A. M. Khalil, Alaa S. El-Eashy» 449 Keywords index Authors index» 459» 463 YOCOCU Network» 467 X

12 YOCOCU was born in 2008 from an idea by Andrea Macchia, Luigi Campanella and Ernesto Borrelli with the aim to realize a network among young professionals and researchers, working in different fields of Cultural Heritage. YOCOCU has soon begun an extraordinary symbol of union where young students, researchers and professionals, all animated by common goals, meet to tell their own stories, to give their inputs to research and cultural growth in the different fields of Cultural Heritage: chemistry, physics, biology, restoration, archaeology, architecture. With this event, young professionals, students and researchers are called to increase and strengthen their consciousness to be the main actors of the present and future society and the power for the development of new knowledge. A challenge in a world in rapid transformation, that requires a fast evolution of knowledge and know-how, which should be available to all. This is the reason of YOCOCU: all work together for our collective interest and show this work in a unique, free and open to all meeting. The success of the two editions of YOCOCU has been reached thanks to all the participants and organizers, who have made YOCOCU a network for interdisciplinary and international collaborations. YOCOCU is a history made up of several chapters, each one with its own author and its specific topic. Good reading. the Editors May, 2011 XI

To save and to protect cultural heritage means to know them and to know them means to be able to adopt any technical way which can help us in this direction.

So the contributions of science youth in the field of cultural heritage is particularly significant. An other reason is based on the civil and social components of the behaviour.

14 To save and to protect cultural heritage means to know them and to know them means to be able to adopt any technical way which can help us in this direction. The new technologies continuously evolving require a scientific adaptability that sometime is lacking in the senior researchers,but fortunately is well present in many of young scientists. So the contributions of science youth in the field of cultural heritage is particularly significant. An other reason is based on the civil and social components of the behaviour. In this case the education to them means to prepare good citizens of tomorrow and this takes specifically for young ones. YOCOCU is a network showing always this double feeling and it is a pleasure for me to introduce this book. IA-CS YOCOCU from Luigi Campanella to all May 2011 XIII

PhD School of the Politecnico di Milano Regulations of the PhD Programme in: BIOENGINEERING Cycle XXXII

PhD School of the Politecnico di Milano Regulations of the PhD Programme in: BIOENGINEERING Cycle XXXII Location: Milano Leonardo 1. General Information PhD School of Politecnico di Milano PhD Programme: