$~ * IN THE HIGH COURT OF DELHI AT NEW DELHI W.P.(C) 962/2016. versus WITH. versus

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1 $~ * IN THE HIGH COURT OF DELHI AT NEW DELHI W.P.(C) 962/2016 #40-50 SUMAN MISHRA... Petitioner Mr. Ashok Agarwal with Mr. Khagesh Jha and Ms. Kusum Sharma, Advocates GOVERNMENT OF NCT OF DELHI... Respondent Mr. Gurukrishna Kumar, Senior Ms. Sneha Iyer, Advocates W.P.(C) 1014/2016 NAGHMA SAHAR & ORS WITH... Petitioners Mr. Ashok Agarwal with Mr. Khagesh Jha and Ms. Kusum Sharma, Advocates GOVERNMENT OF NCT OF DELHI THROUGH DIRECTOR OF EDUCATION... Respondent Mr. Gurukrishna Kumar, Senior Ms. Sneha Iyer, Advocates W.P.(C) 962/2016 & Ors. Page 1 of 12

2 42. + W.P.(C) 1015/2016 MASTER JAI SINGH THROUGH LEGAL GUARDIAN... Petitioner Mr. Akhil Sachar with Mr. Raghu Vashist, Advocates GOVERNMENT OF NCT OF DELHI & ORS... Respondents Mr. Gurukrishna Kumar, Senior 4 + W.P.(C) 1016/2016 MASTER EHIMAY SINGH RATHI... Petitioner Mr. Akhil Sachar with Mr. Raghu Vashist, Advocates GOVERNMENT OF NCT OF DELHI & ORS... Respondents Mr. Gurukrishna Kumar, Senior W.P.(C) 962/2016 & Ors. Page 2 of 12

3 44. + W.P.(C) 1017/2016 MASTER UDDHAV PRATAP SANWERIA THROUGH LEGAL GUARDIAN... Petitioner Mr. Akhil Sachar with Mr. Raghu Vashist, Advocates GOVERNMENT OF NCT OF DELHI & ORS... Respondents Mr. Gurukrishna Kumar, Senior W.P.(C) 1018/2016 MASTER KIAAN JAIN... Petitioner Mr. Akhil Sachar with Mr. Raghu Vashist, Advocates GOVERNMENT OF NCT OF DELHI & ORS... Respondents Mr. Gurukrishna Kumar, Senior W.P.(C) 962/2016 & Ors. Page 3 of 12

4 46. + W.P.(C) 1023/2016 ASTUTI THROUGH FATHER DIPAK KUMAR... Petitioner Mr. Ashok Agarwal with Mr. Khagesh Jha and Ms. Kusum Sharma, Advocates GOVT OF NCT OF DELHI W.P.(C) 1024/ Respondent Mr. Gurukrishna Kumar, Senior Ms. Sneha Iyer, Advocates. MASTER SURAAJ SINGH LAMBA ANR.... Petitioners Mr. Akhil Sachar with Mr. Raghu Vashist, Advocates GOVERNMENT OF NCT OF DELHI ORS.... Respondent Mr. Gurukrishna Kumar, Senior W.P.(C) 962/2016 & Ors. Page 4 of 12

5 48. + W.P.(C) 1025/2016 MASTER KUBER JOURA... Petitioner Mr. Sundeep Srivastava with Mr. Shokan Ali and Mr. Sunil K. Jha, Advocates GOVT. OF NCT OF DELHI ORS.... Respondents Mr. Gurukrishna Kumar, Senior W.P.(C) 1035/2016 NYRA KAPOOR... Petitioner Mr. Rishi Manchanda with Mr. Kunal Kher, Advocates GOVERNMENT OF NCT OF DELHI ORS.... Respondents Mr. Gurukrishna Kumar, Senior W.P.(C) 962/2016 & Ors. Page 5 of 12

6 50. + W.P.(C) 1036/2016 NATALIA KAPOOR... Petitioner Mr. Rishi Manchanda with Mr. Kunal Kher, Advocates GOVERNMENT OF NCT OF DELHI ORS.... Respondents Mr. Gurukrishna Kumar, Senior % Date of Decision: 5 th February, CORAM: HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE MANMOHAN MANMOHAN, J: (Oral) J U D G M E N T CM APPL. 4439/2016 in W.P.(C) 1015/2016, CM APPL. 4441/2016 in W.P.(C) 1016/2016, CM APPL. 4443/2016 in W.P.(C) 1017/2016, CM APPL. 4445/2016 in W.P.(C) 1018/2016, CM APPL. 4472/2016 in W.P.(C) 1023/2016, CM APPL. 4477/2016 in W.P.(C) 1024/2016, CM APPL. 4480/2016 in W.P.(C) 1025/2016, CM APPL. 4512/2016 in W.P.(C) 1035/2016, CM APPL. 4514/2016 in W.P.(C) 1036/2016 W.P.(C) 962/2016 & Ors. Page 6 of 12

7 1. Present batch of writ petitions has been filed challenging the order dated 18 th December, 2015 passed by the Government of NCT of Delhi under Section 16(1) of Delhi School Education Act & Rules, 1973 [for short DSEAR, 1973 ] whereby the upper age limit for admission to pre-school, pre-primary and class one has been fixed. 2. While Mr. Akhil Sachar, Mr. Sundeep Srivastava and Mr. Rishi Manchanda, learned counsel for petitioners contend that some of the petitioners would be over age on 31 st March, 2016, Mr. Ashok Aggarwal and Mr. Khagesh B. Jha point out that some of the petitioners belong to EWS/disadvantageous category and/or differently abled category would not be eligible to apply for admission in nursery class in Academic Session Mr. Aggarwal and Mr. Jha state that due to poverty and ignorance, parents of the wards belonging to EWS/disadvantageous group were not aware that children have to be admitted to school at the earliest and not at their convenience. Learned counsel for petitioners submit that the impugned order is in violation of Articles 14, 19(1)(a), 21A and 45 of the Constitution of India. They point out that in accordance with Article 21A of the Constitution, every child of the age of six to fourteen years has a fundamental right to education, which corresponds to the compulsory elementary education from classes 1 to 8 as defined in Section 3 of Right to Education Act, 2009 [for short RTE Act, 2009 ]. According to them, since most schools do not open admissions to pre-primary and class one, and instead open admission to the nursery/pre-school class, correspondingly every child has a right to apply for nursery at age 4+ years. W.P.(C) 962/2016 & Ors. Page 7 of 12

8 4. Learned counsel for petitioners further submit that upon a strict reading of Sections 2(c), 2(f), 3 and 12(1)(c) of RTE Act, 2009, it is apparent that the entry level for class one is upon attainment of six years. They contend that since the impugned executive order fixes the upper age limit for class one as less than six years as on 31 st March of the year in which the admission is sought, the same is inconsistent with the Parliamentary Statute, i.e., RTE Act, Learned counsel for petitioners submit that the upper age limit can only be fixed by way of a law and not by way of an office order which has neither any legislative sanction nor approval by Administrator, i.e., Lieutenant Governor. 6. Learned counsel for petitioners contend that the impugned order is also in violation of the earlier Order dated 24 th November, 2007 issued by Lieutenant Governor, inasmuch as the said Order specifically provides that there shall be no bar to children older than the age specified in its Clause 21 in gaining admission in nursery class. 7. According to them, the impugned order is also contrary to the guidelines issued by Central Government and Kendriya Vidyalaya Sangathan as well as by the State of Maharashtra. 8. They lastly state that as the respondents have exempted two similarly placed children in W.P.(C) 472/2016 and 473/2016 from the application of the impugned order dated 18 th December, 2015, the petitioners herein are also entitled to the same benefit. 9. On the other hand, learned senior counsel for Govt. of NCT of Delhi states that it was only on public demand that an upper age limit to admit students be fixed that the Delhi School Education Advisory Board under W.P.(C) 962/2016 & Ors. Page 8 of 12

9 Section 22 read with Rules 186 to 189 of DSEAR, 1973, set up a Sub- Committee under the Chairmanship of Additional Director of Education with other prominent educationists/principals of renowned private schools to look into the aspect of fixing the lower and upper age limit. 10. It is stated that the Sub-Committee was of the opinion that for better socio psycho development of a child, the child should be exposed to the peer group of his/her age so that the whole group represents the same kind of needs and behaviour. The Sub-Committee was of the view that in earlier stages of childhood when the child is developing fast, difference of few months/year in age of a child can have a big effect not only on his/her psychological appearance, but in behaviour and attitude as a whole. The Sub-Committee was of the opinion that children with minimum possible difference of age should be allowed in the same class in a school. 11. Learned senior counsel for Govt. of NCT of Delhi states that the intent behind the impugned order dated 18 th December, 2015 is to give effect to the aforesaid Sub-Committee report. He also submits that the main aim of RTE Act, 2009 is that every child of the age of six to fourteen years should have a right to free and compulsory education and he/she should be admitted into a Class appropriate to his/her age. In support of his submission, he relies upon Section 4 of the RTE Act, Learned senior counsel for Govt. of NCT of Delhi further states that if any child is not able to or willing to start education at the age level of three years, he/she may start at four years or five years of age and will get admission in the class, age appropriate to him/her. According to him, if a child who is four years old is allowed to sit/study with children of three W.P.(C) 962/2016 & Ors. Page 9 of 12

10 years, the percentage difference comes to more than 25%, which would not be good for other smaller children in the same class. 1 Learned senior counsel for Govt. of NCT of Delhi also states that the impugned order has been validly passed in accordance with the Constitution. 14. Learned senior counsel for Govt. of NCT of Delhi lastly states that the grant of any order at this stage would have the effect of interference with the admission schedule. He points out that the concession given in the earlier two writ petitions being W.P.(C) 472/2016 and 473/2016 was in the peculiar facts of those cases as those petitioners had approached the Court in time. 15. Having heard learned counsel for the parties, this Court is prima facie in agreement with the submission of learned senior counsel for Govt. of NCT of Delhi that interference by courts in education and academic matters should be minimal. 16. Since in the present case, a Sub-Committee of experts was constituted by a statutory body and action has been taken in pursuance to its report, this Court would, normally, be hesitant to interfere with the same. 17. But this Court is of the view that the State cannot take its citizens, especially the children by surprise. Both the parents as well as the children are entitled to fundamental right to education and to plan their future. As there were no upper age limit prior to 18 th December, 2015, the parents of the children who are attaining the age of four prior to 31 st March, 2016 could have well decided in the Academic Session they would get their children admitted in this Academic Year in the nursery class. Consequently, this Court is of the view that the impugned order issued on 18 th December, 2015 virtually has a retrospective effect inasmuch as some of the petitioners have been deprived of their fundamental right to seek W.P.(C) 962/2016 & Ors. Page 10 of 12

11 admission in nursery class without any forewarning inasmuch as the upper age limit has been fixed only on 18 th December, 2016, i.e., on the eve of commencement of admission process for Academic Session This Court also takes judicial note of the fact that it is impossible for a child to obtain admission directly in class one or any other appropriate class as every school gives priority in promoting its own students to the next class. 18. Consequently, till final disposal of the writ petitions, the impugned order dated 18 th December, 2015 is stayed. All children above four years of age who are desirous of seeking admission in pre-school/nursery class in the Academic Session shall be entitled to apply for admission on or before 9 th February, 2016 till 4.00 p.m. Respondents are directed to ensure that online applications qua EWS/disadvantageous/differently abled students are accepted. Further, the private schools / government schools are directed to accept hard copies of applications of such children as well as children belonging to general category till the date and time specified hereinabove. Applications already filed by the parents of such wards shall be considered by the schools and their points/marks shall be uploaded on or before 12 th February, This Court may mention that the aforesaid directions have been passed as the last date for displaying first list of candidates is 15 th February, 2016 and this Court desires that all the parties adhere to the schedule fixed. Accordingly, present applications stand disposed of. Order dasti. CM APPL. 4440/2016 in W.P.(C) 1015/2016, CM APPL. 4442/2016 in W.P.(C) 1016/2016, CM APPL. 4444/2016 in W.P.(C) 1017/2016, CM APPL. 4446/2016 in W.P.(C) 1018/2016, CM APPL. 4474/2016 in W.P.(C) 1023/2016, CM APPL. 4478/2016 in W.P.(C) 1024/2016, CM W.P.(C) 962/2016 & Ors. Page 11 of 12

12 APPL. 4481/2016 in W.P.(C) 1025/2016, CM APPL. 4513/2016 in W.P.(C) 1035/2016, CM APPL. 4515/2016 in W.P.(C) 1036/2016 Allowed, subject to just exceptions. W.P.(C) 962/2016, W.P.(C) 1014/2016, W.P.(C) 1015/2016, W.P.(C) 1016/2016, W.P.(C) 1017/2016, W.P.(C) 1018/2016, W.P.(C) 1023/2016 & CM APPL. 4473/2016, W.P.(C) 1024/2016, W.P.(C) 1025/2016, W.P.(C) 1035/2016, W.P.(C) 1036/2016 Issue notice. Mr. Peeyoosh Kalra, learned standing counsel accepts notice on behalf of respondent-gnctd. He prays for and is permitted to file a replyaffidavit within four weeks. Rejoinder, if any, be filed within two weeks thereafter. List on 18 th April, FEBRUARY 05, 2016 rn MANMOHAN, J W.P.(C) 962/2016 & Ors. Page 12 of 12

CREATING AWARENESS ABOUT PARLIAMENTARY SYSTEM AND PROCEDURES

144 Handbook on the Working of Ministry of Parliamentary Affairs 15 CREATING AWARENESS ABOUT PARLIAMENTARY SYSTEM AND PROCEDURES BACKGROUND The 4th All India Whips Conference, held at Bombay in 1962, made